NSBM Atapattu, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Ruhuna International Forestry and Environment Symposium 2011 Annual Symposium organized by Department of Forestry and Environmental Science, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, Sri Lanka http://fesympo.sjp.ac.lk/

1. Atapattu NSBM
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of
Agriculture, university of Ruhuna,
Mapalana,
Kamburupitiya

2. Introduction
 Future of human civilization will centre around water
 Water footprint(WF) = total water used in production
cycle/unit of production
 Issues related to WF are complex

3.  For example
Product Country WF m3/ton
Boneless beef, frozen Brazil 30888
Ireland 17854
World average 24838
Swine (live) Australia 8124
France 1936
World average 2819
Poultry New Zealand 4179
France 795
World average 1498
Maize Sri Lanka 3202
Rice Sri Lanka 3168
Chapagain and Hoekstra, 2003

4.  WF content of a product is an indirect measure of its
eco-friendliness
 An analysis of WF can be used to identify means of
reducing WF content
 WF content of poultry meat in Sri Lanka
9885m3/ton (assuming 75% dressing %)
Chapagain and Hoekstra, 2003

5.  Is this value correct/realistic ?
Methodology problems
Some components have not considered
Changes in production efficiency

6. Objective
To determine the WF of broiler meat production of Sri
Lanka, under the current production condition and
parameters and, to explore the possible avenues to
reduce the WF of broiler meat production.

7. Methodology
 WF = Feed water + Drinking water + Servicing water
 Feed water = feed water + Feed mixing/preparation
water
 Drinking water = Feed water X 2.5
 Servicing water = labour water + litter water + other

8. Calculation of feed water
Step Assumption Value
Meat weight 1000
Required live weight Dressing % =75 1333
Number of birds to be
slaughtered Live weight at slaughter =2.2 606
Number of day old birds Mortality =5% 636
Initial live weight of the flock Day old chick weight 0.045 27
Live weight gain 1306
Total feed requirement Feed/gain = 2 2612
From day 0-21 871
From day 21-42 1741

9. Feed Ingredient
Consumption Water (feed)
Feed % WF PF WFxPF Starter Finisher Starter Finisher Total
Maize
meal 42 3203 1 3203 366 731 1171 2342 3514
Rice
bran 20 3168 0.1 317 174 348 55 110 165
Soybean
meal 27 4851 0.85 4123 235 470 969 1939 2908
Palm oil 5 552 0.19 105 19 87 2 9 11
Fish
meal 3.2 7130.97 6061 28 56 169 338 507
2367 4738 7105 7104
Feed preparation 1.3
Total
feed
water 7105.0

10.  The drinking water requirement was considered as 2.5
x total feed intake
6.5 m3/ton
 The servicing water component was the sum of water
cleaning utensils
the labourers
water WF of litter material
unspecified requirements.

11. Component M3 %
Feed water 7105 94.2
Drinking water 6.2 0.1
Labour 0.42
Litter 434.016
Other 0.42
Total
servicing 434.8 5.8
WF 7546 100.0

12. Discussion
 Refined methodology
 Reflects current production/performance condition

13.  Even with new components, lower than reported value
 Critical points to intervene
 It is the feed
%
Maize 49
Soybean 40
Though ration had 20% RB
RB contributed only 2.3% to WF

14. Conclusions
 WF of broiler meat under SL conditions
7546 M3/Ton
 Feed is the most influencing component
 Use of by products reduces WF