1. The document discusses how technology and tools used in education have changed over time from the 18th century to present.
2. It presents quotes from various sources throughout history complaining that students rely too much on newer technologies like slates, paper, ink, fountain pens, ballpoint pens, handheld calculators, and now computers.
3. Each new technology was criticized for making students less self-sufficient and capable when those technologies were no longer available, but those technologies ultimately became accepted as normal.
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