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壁構造
ロンドンのハイドパークの中に建つパビリオンです。 これは三カ月間の仮設建築でしたが、地元
の人や観光客がコーヒーを飲んだりレクチャーやパーティに使ったりして、この建物を楽しんでく
れました。
この建築の新しさは、従来のストラクチャー(構造)のシステムと全然違う考え方をしているとこ
ろです。垂直に立ち上がっているものや地面と平行のもの、つまり柱や梁のようなエレメント(要
素 成分 元素)はなくて、ただランダムなラインで交錯する抽象的なスティールのバーだけで構
成されているものです。つまり建築がもっていた柱や梁、プレースというエレメントは消失してす
べて等価なラインのみに変わってしまった。そのことによって、開口部や出入口といった意味が変
わってしまったわけです。
構造のラインで切り分けられた多角形の中には、熱対策としてアルミパネルとガラスが市松状に入
っています。しかし夏の三カ月間だけの仮設のパビリオンだったので扉もなく、一部は開いたまま
という状態になりました。空調もないし、雨はある程度しのげますが、風は入ってきます。敷地は
王室が所有しているロイヤルパークなので基礎を掘ることができず、地上に基礎を直置きしただけ
の状態でした。
ドア、窓、床、柱がないため人は気楽に休めたそうです。
場所によってはガラスがはめ込まれていないため、風がさ
わやかにすり抜けます。
壁面に柱を持たず、鉄板を様々な角度でつなぎ合わせ壁を構成し天井を支えています。
図面
感想
一見不安定に見える構造だけど、それぞれの壁がお互いを支えあっていて、安定感
が生まれていました。
壁に覆われていなくて外と中で区切られていないので気軽に立ち寄れるし、窮屈感
がなく開放的だと感じました。
伊東豊雄

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伊東豊雄