1. CITY, CREATIVE
ECONOMY, and
INNOVATION SYSTEM
Dr. Pun-Arj Chairatana &
Asst. Prof. Dr. Apiwat Ratanawaraha
International Seminar on City Innovation and System in Asia
Office of National Science, Technology, and Innovation Policy 14th
Floor, Charmchuree Square Building, Bangkok, Thailand
16 August 2010
2. A. CONVERGENCES of CITY, CREATIVE ECONOMY, and INNOVATION SYSTEM
CITY CREATIVE ECONOMY INNOVATION SYSTEM
• Internationalization • Growth from exploitation • Evolution of multi-levels
• Urbanization of creative assets innovation system
• Cross-cutting linkage for towards human-centric
• Regionalization paradigm
macro and micro
• Democratization economy • Re-positioning of current
• Embracing an economic, innovation system to
cultural, social and serve emerging domestic
technological aspects to and regional demands.
human development • Process of innovator on
• Creativity and intellectual creation, formation,
capital as primary inputs diffusion, and
for creative industries exploitation of their idea.
• City as product: How city
performs as magnet to
induce innovator, and
creativity?
3. B. SERVICE AS KEY LINKAGES FOR CREATIVE ECONOMY,
CITY INNOVATION, AND SYSTEMS
Service innovation as new
City as main platform for
Service as a sunrise sector generation of innovation
service
systems
• Share of service after 2006 • The more urbane, the more • Rethinking, and broadening
has reached 70% of the world demand in variety of public perspective of service
GDP and private service. innovation and innovation in
• In the next decade more than • Higher and specialized service with special reference
three quarters of the world education as linkages between to city.
population will reside in the knowledge-based and creative • Expanding boundary of
urban area. economies. innovation system to embrace
social and human dimensions.
• Liberalization from regional • Knowledge transaction and
social and economic blocs will exploitation will increasingly
superimpose national system complicated and require
more and more. knowledge-intensive service
• Similarity of global activities (KISA) to deliver
standardization and robust solutions
perception will accelerate • Service will be intermediary
pace of service and hybrid agent for all key stakeholders
innovation. in co-evolutionary process of
lifestyles and development.
5. Categorisation of Thai Creative Industries
Cultural Heritage: Arts: Media Functional Creation
- Crafts, - Performing arts, and - Film, - Design,
- Historical and - Visual arts - Publishing, - Fashion,
cultural tourism, - Broadcasting, and - Architecture,
- Thai traditional - Music - Advertising, and
medicine, and - Software
- Thai food
6. D. Understanding innovator, creative economy, innovation, and KIBs in Bangkok
Intensity of key players
• Industry type and firm size matter,
when it comes to locational
preferences
• Spatial changes corresponds to urban
development patterns
• Most important locational factors are
those contributing to urbanized
economies
Identify spatial patterns and examination of determinants if service
oriented firms in Bangkok (3 out of 15 sub-sectors)
- Advertising, architectural and software services
- 154 sub-districts of Bangkok City
7. Innovation Survey for KIBS in Thai Creative Industry
Applied Community Innovation Survey 4 (CIS4) as standard questionnaire.
The surveys were distributed to 330 firms from three selected sectors, including
• Architecture (100 firms),
• Advertising (100 firms), and
• Software (130 firms).
There are 9 dimensions of analysis, which are ;
• Characteristic of respondents,
• Characteristic of enterprise,
• Type of innovation,
• Timing,
• The effect of innovation,
• Innovation activity and expenditure,
• Source of innovation and cooperation of innovation activities,
• Hamper of innovation, and
• Intellectual property right.
8. Conclusions
• Location is key factor for three sectors apart from other states of the art
on information/communication infrastructure, transport infrastructure,
proximity to city center, and access to general and specialized knowledge,
respectively.
• Advertising and software businesses are more product innovator than
architecture.
• Cost reduction is main driving force to do innovation.
• In contrast, all sectors perceive innovation as a high cost activities and
risky activities, while lack of an access to capital is not the hampering
factor for innovation.
• In term of knowledge production and exploitation, all businesses consider
and recognize the registration of intellectual property as a push factor to
increase their competitiveness both in the domestic market and
international market.
