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September 22, 2010
September 22, 2010




Quantum Theory and Atomic Structure


7.1 The Nature of Light

 7.2 Atomic Spectra


7.3 The Wave-Particle Duality of Matter and Energy


7.4 The Quantum-Mechanical Model of the Atom
September 22, 2010




The Wave Nature
    of Light



 Frequency and
 Wavelength
September 22, 2010
September 22, 2010




Amplitude (intensity) of a wave.
September 22, 2010




Regions of the electromagnetic spectrum.
September 22, 2010




Sample Problem 7-1
p.259
September 22, 2010




Different behaviors of
waves and particles.
September 22, 2010




The diffraction pattern caused by light
 passing through two adjacent slits.
September 22, 2010




Blackbody radiation

        E=nhn
       DE = Dn h n
       DE = h n
            when n = 1
September 22, 2010




Demonstration of the
 photoelectric effect.
September 22, 2010




Sample problem 7-2
p.263
September 22, 2010
September 22, 2010
September 22, 2010




The line spectra of
 several elements.
September 22, 2010




Three series of spectral lines of atomic hydrogen.




        for the visible series, n1 = 2 and n2 = 3, 4, 5, ...
September 22, 2010




Quantum staircase.
September 22, 2010




The Bohr explanation of three series of spectral lines.
September 22, 2010




         A tabletop analogy for the H atom’s energy.




                                      -18        1        1
DE = Efinal – Einitial = -2.18 x 10         J    2            2
                                                n final   n    initial
September 22, 2010




Emission and absorption spectra of sodium atoms.




strontium   38Sr                       copper   29Cu
September 22, 2010
September 22, 2010
September 22, 2010




  Wave motion in
restricted systems.
September 22, 2010




Sample problem 7-3
p.272
September 22, 2010
September 22, 2010




Sample problem 7-4
p.274
September 22, 2010




Comparing the diffraction patterns of x-rays and electrons.
September 22, 2010




 CLASSICAL THEORY            Summary of the major observations
 Matter       Energy          and theories leading from classical
particulate, continuous,     theory to quantum theory.
 massive      wavelike




 Observation               Theory
September 22, 2010




Observation   Theory




Observation   Theory
September 22, 2010




The Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle




Dx * m Du ≥
September 22, 2010




Sample problem 7-5
p.278
September 22, 2010
September 22, 2010




Electron probability density
in the ground-state H atom.
September 22, 2010
September 22, 2010
September 22, 2010




Follow up
problem 7-6
p.279
September 22, 2010




Follow up problem 7-7
p.279
September 22, 2010
September 22, 2010




The 2p orbitals.
September 22, 2010




The 3d orbitals.
September 22, 2010
September 22, 2010




One of the seven
possible 4f orbitals.
September 22, 2010




The energy levels in the H atom.
September 22, 2010




Isoelectronic Series

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Som ch.7