Electronic Ballast is a device which controls the starting voltage and the operating currents of lighting devices built on the principle of electrical gas discharge.
2. What is ballast?
In a fluorescent lighting system, the ballast regulates the
current to the lamps and provides sufficient voltage to
start the lamps.
During lamp starting, the ballast must briefly supply high
voltage to establish an arc between the two
lamp electrodes.
Maintaining an optimum electrode temperature is the key
to long lamp life. Thus, some ballasts have a separate
circuit that provides a low voltage to heat the lamp
electrodes during lamp starting and typically during lamp
operation.
3. Types of ballast
There are mainly three types of ballasts: magnetic,
electronic and hybrid.
Magnetic and hybrid ballasts employ a copper coil
wound on a magnetic core as their essential components.
Electronic ballasts use solid state electronic circuitry to
provide the proper operating electrical conditions to the
connected lamps.
4. Electronic ballast
Electronic Ballast is a device which controls the starting
voltage and the operating currents of lighting devices
built on the principle of electrical gas discharge.
In some fluorescent lighting systems like dimmers, it is
also responsible for the controlled flow of electrical
energy to heat the lamp electrodes.
It refers to that part of the circuit which limits the flow of
current through the lighting device and may vary from
being a single resistor to a bigger, complex device.
5. Working of Electronic Ballasts
The primitive electronic ballast employed a general
principle of rectifying the input power and smoothening
the waveform by passing it through a simple filter like an
electrolytic capacitor.
The rectifier converts AC into DC waveform. Improved
Electronic ballasts are now generally based on SMPS
topology.
The increased performance at higher frequencies is that at
higher frequencies, the time period of an AC cycle is
shorter than the relaxation time between consecutive
ionization and deionization of gas with alternating
current.