1. MONITORING OF WILD LIFE HEALTH MANAGEMENT
1] By Phenotypic Appearance [By Looking]
Observe the general health of all Wild life in your range. Accordingly note down
your findings & observation in a diary daily.
This is very simple method of observing wild life. You may take help of a
binocular as per the situation.
The following points are very useful for observations.
General health of wild life
Observe the general health of wild life on following points.
Expressions- Alert or dull
Body Coat- Rough or Shinning
Eyes- Bright, Shrunken, Dull, Some discharge coming out & other finding.
Ears- Erect Attentive to any response or noise or fallen down
Muzzle-Wet or dry
Ribs—Flesh over ribs or ribs are seen & exposed.
Gait [Normal Walk] Observe the walking of the wild animal. If any absorbability
appeared, note it down & inform the matter to higher officer immediately.
Grazing habits- Grazing normally or off feed
Faecal Sample or Scat collection
Collect the Faecal material in small injection bottle & add a drop of 10 %
Formalin for preservation of sample. This is to be done once in a month. Send the
collected sample to Veterinary Dispensary or Hospital for examination of parasitic
infection.

2. Due to domestic cattle grazing in the wild area they defecate their & infect the
grass land. Wild herbivores & domestic cattle graze together. So the chance of spread of
diseases from domestic cattle’s to wild herbivores increases due to daily contacts.
Examination of water for Ph value [Acid alkali balance]
Regularly examine the water at artificial water holes & ponds for Ph value. Ph of
water is 7 [Seven]. Ph value can be checked with the help of Ph paper which is
easily available in the scientific Medical stores.
If Ph of water is below 7 it is acidic in nature & if it is above 7, it is alkaline in
nature.
Daily observations are having great importance to evaluate the health condition of
wild animals. You must note down your observations in the proforma enclosed here with.
The information collected by you helps in evaluation of health management of
wild life.
Name of Vegetables and facilities available in the Compartment or
range
• Grasses----
• Fruit trees
• Trees
• Distance of water source / Water source
• Near the compartment
• Away from compartment
• Presence of Mineral Depot [ Salt Lick ]
There are certain areas in the Forest where Minerals are present. Wild
animals use to go to that place & licks soil or stones
• Distance from Village
• Grazing alone in groups or with Domestic Herbivores
• Out break of any disease in near by villages
• If yes, immediately report to Higher authority
& also inform to near by Govt. Veterinary Doctor.
• Names of Wild Carnivores present in the area
Write down all the above points & submit your report to higher authority for
necessary action.

3. With the help of your report monitoring of wild life heath could be possible.
Compartments where heath of wild life is weak, more attention is to be given.
The conditions in the healthy area are in the record & are with you. Compare it on
following points.
1. Availability of Grasses, Fruit trees in both areas. In healthy & in weak wild life
area. Note down the difference between two areas.
Take suitable measures accordingly. Introduce the new variety of trees &
grasses in weak sector as available in healthy wild life area for better results.
2. Other factors like water holes, common grazing of wild life & domestic animals
& mineral depot must be consider on war footage.
3. Make the weak wild life area like that of healthy area. This will definitely help in
improving general health of wild life.
4. Collect faecal material from all the area. Randomly& Get it examined routinely.
The above measures will definitely improves the general health of wild life in all ranges.
Evaluation Report Format
• Name of person ------------
• Post ----
• Date of visit -----
• Compartment no. ---
• General Health of Wild Life
• Very Good --------+ + + [Write 3 plus marks]
• Good- ++
• Weak- +
Accordingly write down the general health of total wild herbivores.. Write about
the abnormalities observed if any. Try to improve the weak area by introducing the
facilities available in healthy area.
Dr.A.D.Kholkute
B.V.Sc.&AH.
Consultant,N.T.C.A.
R.O.Nagpur