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Tornado

… and the asynchronous web
How we got here

 The web started with the idea of sharing complex
 documents.
 Web 1.0 sites are limited by how quickly the user
 can read
 Performance was solved by caching and distributing
 the load
This got us pretty far:
Social Breakdown

 Most people realized that the traditional model was breaking
 down with social sites, although anyone needing frequent
 updates was affected
 The workload breaks many assumptions: frequent updates
 visible to arbitrary subsets of users, with latency being a big
 deal
 Traditional coping strategies fail:
     Content can't be cached
     Heavy interdependencies complicate scaling wide
     Visibility logic can be complex
Changing the model

Comet: long-lived request "pushing" data as it's generated

<script>chat.addMessage("foo");</script>
… time passes …
<script>chat.addMessage(";)");</script>

… or long polling:

GET /ajax/chat
… time passes …
{messages: ["lol"], highwater: 12345}

GET /ajax/chat?i=12345
Asynchronous I/O
  Handling scale just become mandatory and that requires
  switching to an event-driven back-end to match the event-
  driven clients
  Completely different model - but very familiar to JavaScript
  devs or people with desktop experience:




 (from http://www.tornadoweb.org/documentation#non-blocking-asynchronous-requests)
Tornado

 Tornado is the opensourced technology behind friendfeed.
 com (now Facebook)
 Targetted at the problem of building high-performance,
 scalable web applications:
    Templating, reusable widgets, localization
    Signed Cookies
    Authenticates against common services (Google,
    Twitter, Facebook, etc.)
 Fast:
Caveats & Future Directions

Bad News:
   Targeted is another way of saying limited
   Blocking APIs are hard to avoid - you'll probably need
   architectural changes to deal with databases, files, other
   web services, etc.

Good News:
  Asynchronous I/O is becoming very common
  Twisted is finally getting some usability attention
  HTML 5's WebSocket will clean up long-lived connections

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Tornado

  • 1. Tornado … and the asynchronous web
  • 2. How we got here The web started with the idea of sharing complex documents. Web 1.0 sites are limited by how quickly the user can read Performance was solved by caching and distributing the load
  • 3. This got us pretty far:
  • 4. Social Breakdown Most people realized that the traditional model was breaking down with social sites, although anyone needing frequent updates was affected The workload breaks many assumptions: frequent updates visible to arbitrary subsets of users, with latency being a big deal Traditional coping strategies fail: Content can't be cached Heavy interdependencies complicate scaling wide Visibility logic can be complex
  • 5. Changing the model Comet: long-lived request "pushing" data as it's generated <script>chat.addMessage("foo");</script> … time passes … <script>chat.addMessage(";)");</script> … or long polling: GET /ajax/chat … time passes … {messages: ["lol"], highwater: 12345} GET /ajax/chat?i=12345
  • 6. Asynchronous I/O Handling scale just become mandatory and that requires switching to an event-driven back-end to match the event- driven clients Completely different model - but very familiar to JavaScript devs or people with desktop experience: (from http://www.tornadoweb.org/documentation#non-blocking-asynchronous-requests)
  • 7. Tornado Tornado is the opensourced technology behind friendfeed. com (now Facebook) Targetted at the problem of building high-performance, scalable web applications: Templating, reusable widgets, localization Signed Cookies Authenticates against common services (Google, Twitter, Facebook, etc.) Fast:
  • 8. Caveats & Future Directions Bad News: Targeted is another way of saying limited Blocking APIs are hard to avoid - you'll probably need architectural changes to deal with databases, files, other web services, etc. Good News: Asynchronous I/O is becoming very common Twisted is finally getting some usability attention HTML 5's WebSocket will clean up long-lived connections