2. Selenium:
Automates browsers [1]
• Used mostly as a test automation tool
• Has more “undiscovered” power
[1] http://www.seleniumhq.org/
Se IDE Se RC Se WebDriver
Selenium in .NET 2
3. Selenium:
Automates browsers
How does it work in
.NET?
Se WebDriver
Selenium in .NET 3
4. Write the first tests – Heuristic approach
“Don’t worry just write the first pieces of code”
How to test?
• Intent – Action
• Map your manual testcases to the automated ones
• It’s ok to mess up code at first, but don’t mess up the business logic
Selenium in .NET 4
6. Given the simple testcase: (We will call this the “intention”)
Steps:
1. Open IE
2. Navigate to http://google.ro
3. Search for the “The Automated Tester” string
Expected Result:
1. After step 3, verify the search title matches your
search word.
Selenium in .NET 6
7. The automated test: (We will call this “the action”)
• Open IE and navigate to http://google.ro
• Wait and confirm proper page loading
• Select the search field (DOM name = “q”)
• Type in the search word
• Make sure the search title matches the search word
Selenium in .NET 7
8. Dude, your automated test
does not really have a
structure
That’s because …
We haven’t decided
an architecture
just yet… We’ll do it soonish!
Selenium in .NET 8
9. Teh codez…
[…]
namespace mySeleniumNETDemoInitial
{
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
// Start writing some code, no matter what
IWebDriver driver = new InternetExplorerDriver(@"C:SeleniumDrivers");
driver.Navigate().GoToUrl("http://google.ro");
IWebElement myField = driver.FindElement(By.Name("q"));
myField.SendKeys("The Automated Tester");
myField.Submit();
Assert.True(driver.Title.IndexOf("The Automated Tester") > -1);
Console.WriteLine("Success in entering Google RO page");
driver.Close();
}
}
}
Selenium in .NET 9
10. Heuristic part now officially over! Stop all coding! Start thinking!
Where are we?
• Have the automated test functioning [done]
• Make your manager happy [done]
• Map your testcases to the automated ones [not started]
• Style guide and code best practices [not started]
• Test API and architecture [no way]
Selenium in .NET 10
11. Let’s take care of these tasks step by step now…
• Map your testcases to the automated ones [done]
namespace mySeleniumNETDemoInitial
{
[TestFixture]
class Test_Google
{
IWebDriver driver;
[SetUp]
public void Setup()
{
driver = new InternetExplorerDriver(@"C:SeleniumDrivers");
}
[TearDown]
public void Teardown()
{
driver.Close();
}
[Test]
public void TestSearchGoogle()
{ […]
// Not so pretty code from iteration 1 goes here
}
}
}
Selenium in .NET 11
12. Let’s take care of these tasks step by step now…
• Style guide and code best practices[done]
Remember our initial test method?
static void Main(string[] new InternetExplorerDriver(Constants.IE_DRIVER_PATH);
IWebDriver driver = args)
{
// Start writing some code, no matter what
driver.Navigate().GoToUrl(Constants.TEST_PAGE_URL);
// I want to fail if the page loads in more than 10 seconds
IWebDriver driver = new InternetExplorerDriver(@"C:SeleniumDrivers");
driver.Manage().Timeouts().SetPageLoadTimeout(new TimeSpan(0, 0, 0, 10));
driver.Navigate().GoToUrl("http://google.ro");
IWebElement myField = driver.FindElement(By.Name("q"));
IWebElement myField = driver.FindElement(By.Name("q"));
myField.SendKeys("The Automated Tester");
myField.SendKeys(Constants.SEARCH_TERM);
myField.Submit();
myField.Submit();
Assert.True(driver.Title.IndexOf("The Automated Tester") > -1);
Assert.True(driver.Title.IndexOf(Constants.SEARCH_TERM) > -1);
Console.WriteLine("Success in entering Google RO page");
Console.WriteLine(Constants.LOAD_SUCCESSFUL_MSG);
driver.Close();
} driver.Close();
Console.Out.Close();
Selenium in .NET 12
13. Let’s take care of these tasks step by step now…
• Test API and architecture [done]
• We want to move all the constants to a separate class
// XXX: Lets decouple this by moving constants into a separate class file
static class Constants
{
[…]
public const string LOAD_SUCCESSFUL_MSG = "Success in entering Google RO page";
public const string TEST_PAGE_URL = "http://google.ro";
public const string IE_DRIVER_PATH = @"C:SeleniumDrivers";
[…]
}
• We now got rid of the ugly hardcoded strings, and we
have a clear location for all of them
Selenium in .NET 13
14. Let’s take care of these tasks step by step now…
• Test API and architecture [done]
• We want to create a helper method for searching any strings in
any fields
public void Search(aField, aTerm) {
[…] // Paste search code here
}
• What a cool piece of re-usable code we just
wrote
Selenium in .NET 14
16. Our lovely mini test infrastructure:
Pro’s:
• Keeping things modular generates a great deal of re-usable code
• Tests are easy to write, read, debug and parallelize
• Can generate proper test reports
• Decorator pattern friendly
• Scalable
Con’s:
• Not very easy to maintain, because its action oriented
• Not very sustainable
Selenium in .NET 16
17. So after all this work…we are still not done?
Selenium in .NET 17
18. So after all this work…we are still not done?
No, sorry. What we want further is:
• A change in the application under test is to be
reflected in one change in the test API, and only one
• Map test API to reflect functionalities/services
in the webapp, instead of having just helpers and
algorithmics
• No duplication of Selenium API, NUnit API or whatever API
calls
Selenium in .NET 18
19. So after all this work…we are still not done?
2 Solutions:
• Write the “Magic” Test Warlock code
• Re-factor our architecture a bit and introduce
a new pattern …
Selenium in .NET 19
20. So after all this work…we are still not done?
2 Solutions:
• Write the “Magic” Test Warlock code
• Re-factor our architecture a bit and introduce
a new pattern …
Page Objects Pattern
Selenium in .NET 20
21. So after all this work…we are still not done?
Consolidates the code for interacting with any given UI Element
Allows us to model the UI in the tests (UI Mapping)
Exposes methods that reflect the things user can see and do
Page Objects Pattern
Hides the detail of telling the browser how to do those things
Selenium in .NET 21
23. Page Objects Pattern
The API
public class LoginPage {
public HomePage loginAs(String username, String password) {
// ... clever magic happens here
}
public LoginPage loginAsExpectingError(String username, String password) {
// ... failed login here, maybe because one or both of the username
// and password are wrong
}
public String getErrorMessage() {
// So we can verify that the correct error is shown
}
}
Selenium in .NET 23
24. Page Objects
Pattern
The tests should be The Tests for making assertions
responsible
about the state of a page. For example:
public void testMessagesAreReadOrUnread() {
Inbox inbox = new Inbox(driver);
assertTrue(inbox.isMessageWithSubjectIsUnread("I like cheese"));
assertFalse(inbox.isMessageWithSubjectIsUnread("I'm not fond of tofu"));
}
Selenium in .NET 24
25. Page Objects
Pattern
Summary
• The public methods represent the services that the page offers
• Try not to expose the internals of the page
• Generally don't make assertions
• Methods return other PageObjects
• Need not represent an entire page
• Different results for the same action are modelled as different methods
Selenium in .NET 25
26. Let’s take 2 minutes and talk about
our accomplishments so far…
Selenium in .NET 26
27. YES, things get eventually bigger
Let’s talk about Scalability
Selenium in .NET 27
![Selenium:
Automates browsers [1]
• Used mostly as a test automation tool
• Has more “undiscovered” power
[1] http://www.seleniumhq.org/
Se IDE Se RC Se WebDriver
Selenium in .NET 2](data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7)