The National Institutes of Health is funding the international “Esprit” study of IL-2 for people with more than 350 T-cells. This $43 million study is the most expensive clinical trial in history. It will enroll 4,000 participants at 210 research sites in 18 countries and follow them for up to 6 years. Again, all participants will receive antiviral therapy, and the treatment group will also receive IL-2.
… however implementation of randomised trials is inconsistent. Sometimes trials are conducted early in the process of introducing a new therapy, but sometimes new therapies become well established before they are subject to randomised trials.