2. Background:
• Research 1- Writing a Proposal
• Research 2- Implementation and Writing the
Paper
• Consultation as the main managing tool
3. Consultation
• Agenda are based on what’s written on the
journal and class outputs
• Students receive directions towards project
goals.
• Students are apprised of their progress.
• Students are apprised of their attitude.
4. Research 1 Considerations
• Financial concerns
• Student attitude
• Motivation
• Emotional state
• Intellectual capability of student
5. Research 1 Consultation Focus:
Part 1
• Drawing out the interest
• What topics to focus on
• What articles to look out for
• Which persons (experts) to approach
6. Research 1 Consultation Focus:
Part 2
• Availability of Materials and Equipment
• Availability of Technical Expertise
• Preliminary Works
7. Research 2 Considerations
• Research is only 1 subject out of 11 subjects
• Redirecting projects
Feasibility (Methods and Materials)
Attitude of Student
• Integrity
8. Research 2 Consultation Focus:
Part 2
• Time management
• Setting priorities
• Decision making skills
9. Documentation
• Adviser’s Log Book
– Update every consultation
• Students
– Journal (weekly)
– Research 2 Project Logbook
– Portfolio (quarterly)
– Pictures
– -Self Assessment
10. Adviser Skill Sets
• Time Management
– Manage your own time
– Manage your student’s time
• Psychological Skills
• Processing Skills
• Critical Thinking
• Problem Solving Skills
11. THE BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
By: Oliver J. Fuentespina
Adopted from the presentation of
Prof. Zennifer L. Oberio
Antipolo , 2008
12. • BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
― Tells how the idea of conducting the study was
derived
― It justifies the selection of the research problem
13. IN WRITING THE BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY IN THE
RESEARCH PROPOSAL OR PAPER…
You must:
Have a clear idea of the purpose of your paper
Explain how the research problem stems from previous research in
the field
Show how it offers something new that contributes to that field
14. THE USUAL PATTERN
Describe a situation
Identify something in that situation that is problematic
Discuss a suggestion as to how this situation might be solved
Evaluate whether this solution is effective or not
MANY RESEARCH PAPERS FOLLOW THE PATTERN
„SITUATION-PROBLEM-SOLUTION-EVALUATION‟.
15. The purpose of the Background of the Study is to
show the main features of this problem
solving.
The key point in the Background of the Study is the
hinge on which the paper turns from identifying
a problem to explaining how it will be solved.
16. THE SPSP PATTERN
Situation- describe
Problem- identify
Solution/s- survey and analyze
Purposed Research Problem- state the problem, its
purpose and significance
17. A SAMPLE BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Virgin Coconut Oil as Endurance Enhancer:
Verifying the Popular Claim
18.
19.
20. Situation
Everyday workload for some people causes
fatigue at the end of the day. A high endurance is needed
to keep up with extraneous jobs and improve performance.
Endurance is the ability to sustain a specific activity for a
long period of time (Oxford University Press)
Describe
the
situation
21. Situation-Problem
Several factors that may affect endurance are
age, adrenaline level in blood and training (Fushiki 1995).
Developing endurance is especially important for athletes
who engage in endurance sports such as long-distance
running, biking, and swimming.
Identify
the
problem
22. Situation
Some people go through rigid training while
others supplement their diet with endurance
enhancing products. In fact, one focus of sports
nutrition research is to find dietary supplements that
will delay exhaustion during competition. These
products are marketed as sports drinks, energy bars
and pills.
List
the
solutions
Possible
research
gap
23. Situation-Problem-Solution
Another product that is promoted as an
endurance enhancer is Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO). An
agency connected with the US Department of Agriculture
an other promotional websites claim that one of the
benefits of consuming VCO is its endurance- boosting
capacity.
Solution
24. Situation- Problem-Solution
Some of these sites explain that the endurance –
enhancing capability of VCO is due to its Medium-Chain
Triglyceride (MCT) content. VCO is the richest natural
source of MCT. MCT such as lauric acid, caproic acid,
caprylic acid and caprid acid, are good energy source
because they are digested and absorbed by the body with
relative ease (Fife 2002)
…discuss
25. Situation-Problem-Evaluation
These claims are not without evidence,
since MCT has been tested and proven to
enhance endurance. Results of the study
conducted on the chronic intake of MTC of mice
showed that there was an improvement in the
swimming endurance of mice (Fushiki and others
1995). Also, another study reported performance
improvement in athletes after acute MCT intake
(VanZyl and others 1996 as cited by Gomes and
Aoki 2003)
…evaluate
26. Situation-Problem-Evaluation
However, the claim that endurance-
enhancing effect of VCO is due to MCT is
challenged by some reports. An article reported
that if taken in moderate amounts, MCT are not
very effective in enhancing exercise (Tran 2005).
Furthermore, since VCO is a conjugate
of several fatty acids, it is not composed of MCT
alone. In fact, one of its fatty acid components,
linolenic acid, has been found to decrease
endurance in rats (Ayre and Hubert 1997)
Describe
the
situation
Evaluate
…and
identify
another
problem
27. Problem-Evaluation
Since VCO, which is popularly claimed to
enhance, actually contains some fatty acids reported
to have enhanced endurance, and other fatty acids
that some studies say reduced endurance, then there
is a need for further studies to settle this controversy.
key point
28. Research problem
Hence this study aimed to verify whether
these fatty acids, when taken together VCO, will
improve or not the endurance of mice.
State the
Research
Problem
29. Statement of the problem
What is the effect of Virgin Coconute Oil –
enriched diet on the endurance of white mice, Mus
musculus?
30. TIPS IN WRITING
Show that the research is important,
interesting, and central
If possible, provide anticipation in statements
Make sure of a smooth delivery of thought from the
general situation to the specific topic that
you will focus on.
31. REFERENCES
Abucion PJ, Japitana P, Perlta KD. 2008. “Virgin coconut oil as
endurance enhancer: Verify the popular claim”. [ubpublished research
paper]. Iloilo City: Philippine Science High School Western Visayas. 51
p.
