SlideShare a Scribd company logo
1 of 16
How Germany's Labor Market
Reforms Crushed the French and
          the PIIGS

     Stephanie Kelton, Associate Professor of Economics
           University of Missouri – Kansas City

    Avraham Baranes, Ph.D. Student, Dept. of Economics
          University of Missouri – Kansas City
Current Account 1997
                 4.0%



                 3.0%



                 2.0%



                 1.0%



                 0.0%
                         Portugal   Italy   Ireland    Greece      Spain   Germany   France
Percent of GDP




                 -1.0%



                 -2.0%



                 -3.0%



                 -4.0%



                 -5.0%



                 -6.0%



                 -7.0%
Current Account 1998
                 4.0%




                 2.0%




                 0.0%
                         Portugal   Italy   Ireland    Greece      Spain   Germany   France
Percent of GDP




                 -2.0%




                 -4.0%




                 -6.0%




                 -8.0%
Current Account 1999
                  4.0%




                  2.0%




                  0.0%
                          Portugal   Italy    Ireland   Greece      Spain   Germany   France




                  -2.0%
Percent of GDP




                  -4.0%




                  -6.0%




                  -8.0%




                 -10.0%
Current Account 2000
                  4.0%




                  2.0%




                  0.0%
                          Portugal   Italy    Ireland   Greece      Spain   Germany   France



                  -2.0%
Percent of GDP




                  -4.0%




                  -6.0%




                  -8.0%




                 -10.0%




                 -12.0%
Current Account 2001
                  4.0%




                  2.0%




                  0.0%
                          Portugal   Italy    Ireland   Greece      Spain   Germany   France



                  -2.0%
Percent of GDP




                  -4.0%




                  -6.0%




                  -8.0%




                 -10.0%




                 -12.0%
Current Account 2002
                  4.0%




                  2.0%




                  0.0%
                          Portugal   Italy    Ireland   Greece      Spain   Germany   France




                  -2.0%
Percent of GDP




                  -4.0%




                  -6.0%




                  -8.0%




                 -10.0%
Current Account 2003
                 3.0%



                 2.0%



                 1.0%



                 0.0%
                         Portugal   Italy   Ireland    Greece      Spain   Germany   France


                 -1.0%
Percent of GDP




                 -2.0%



                 -3.0%



                 -4.0%



                 -5.0%



                 -6.0%



                 -7.0%
Current Account 2004
                  6.0%




                  4.0%




                  2.0%




                  0.0%
                          Portugal   Italy    Ireland   Greece      Spain   Germany   France
Percent of GDP




                  -2.0%




                  -4.0%




                  -6.0%




                  -8.0%




                 -10.0%
Current Account 2005
                  6.0%




                  4.0%




                  2.0%




                  0.0%
                          Portugal   Italy    Ireland   Greece      Spain   Germany   France
Percent of GDP




                  -2.0%




                  -4.0%




                  -6.0%




                  -8.0%




                 -10.0%




                 -12.0%
Current Account 2006
                  8.0%



                  6.0%



                  4.0%



                  2.0%



                  0.0%
                          Portugal   Italy    Ireland   Greece      Spain   Germany   France
Percent of GDP




                  -2.0%



                  -4.0%



                  -6.0%



                  -8.0%



                 -10.0%



                 -12.0%



                 -14.0%
Current Account 2007
                 10.0%




                  5.0%




                  0.0%
                          Portugal   Italy    Ireland   Greece      Spain   Germany   France
Percent of GDP




                  -5.0%




                 -10.0%




                 -15.0%




                 -20.0%
Current Account 2008
                 10.0%




                  5.0%




                  0.0%
                          Portugal   Italy    Ireland   Greece      Spain   Germany   France
Percent of GDP




                  -5.0%




                 -10.0%




                 -15.0%




                 -20.0%
Current Account 2009
                  6.0%



                  4.0%



                  2.0%



                  0.0%
                          Portugal   Italy    Ireland   Greece      Spain   Germany   France


                  -2.0%
Percent of GDP




                  -4.0%



                  -6.0%



                  -8.0%



                 -10.0%



                 -12.0%



                 -14.0%
Current Account 2010
                  8.0%



                  6.0%



                  4.0%



                  2.0%



                  0.0%
                          Portugal   Italy    Ireland   Greece      Spain   Germany   France
Percent of GDP




                  -2.0%



                  -4.0%



                  -6.0%



                  -8.0%



                 -10.0%



                 -12.0%
Current Account 2011
                  8.0%



                  6.0%



                  4.0%



                  2.0%



                  0.0%
                          Portugal   Italy    Ireland   Greece      Spain   Germany   France
Percent of GDP




                  -2.0%



                  -4.0%



                  -6.0%



                  -8.0%



                 -10.0%



                 -12.0%

More Related Content

More from Mitch Green

Two views of money
Two views of moneyTwo views of money
Two views of moneyMitch Green
 
This Could Change Everything
This Could Change EverythingThis Could Change Everything
This Could Change EverythingMitch Green
 
Money is No Object
Money is No ObjectMoney is No Object
Money is No ObjectMitch Green
 
Did Greenspan "Blow" It?
Did Greenspan "Blow" It?Did Greenspan "Blow" It?
Did Greenspan "Blow" It?Mitch Green
 
What You Know for Sure That Just Ain't So
What You Know for Sure That Just Ain't SoWhat You Know for Sure That Just Ain't So
What You Know for Sure That Just Ain't SoMitch Green
 
It's What You Know for Sure that Just Ain't So
It's What You Know for Sure that Just Ain't SoIt's What You Know for Sure that Just Ain't So
It's What You Know for Sure that Just Ain't SoMitch Green
 
Adding the Domestic Private Sector Financial Balance
Adding the Domestic Private Sector Financial BalanceAdding the Domestic Private Sector Financial Balance
Adding the Domestic Private Sector Financial BalanceMitch Green
 
Lesson 1: What is Money?
Lesson 1:  What is Money?Lesson 1:  What is Money?
Lesson 1: What is Money?Mitch Green
 
MMT Basics: You Cannot Consider the Deficit in Isolation
MMT Basics: You Cannot Consider the Deficit in IsolationMMT Basics: You Cannot Consider the Deficit in Isolation
MMT Basics: You Cannot Consider the Deficit in IsolationMitch Green
 
Money is No Object: Why We Should and How We Can Achieve Full Employment
Money is No Object: Why We Should and  How We Can Achieve Full EmploymentMoney is No Object: Why We Should and  How We Can Achieve Full Employment
Money is No Object: Why We Should and How We Can Achieve Full EmploymentMitch Green
 
MODERN MONEY AND FUNCTIONAL FINANCE
MODERN MONEY AND FUNCTIONAL FINANCEMODERN MONEY AND FUNCTIONAL FINANCE
MODERN MONEY AND FUNCTIONAL FINANCEMitch Green
 
THE CREDIT MONEY, STATE MONEY, AND ENDOGENOUS MONEY APPROACHES
THE CREDIT MONEY, STATE MONEY, AND ENDOGENOUS MONEY APPROACHESTHE CREDIT MONEY, STATE MONEY, AND ENDOGENOUS MONEY APPROACHES
THE CREDIT MONEY, STATE MONEY, AND ENDOGENOUS MONEY APPROACHESMitch Green
 
How to Teach Money
How to Teach MoneyHow to Teach Money
How to Teach MoneyMitch Green
 
Who Says the Gov't Can't Create Jobs
Who Says the Gov't Can't Create JobsWho Says the Gov't Can't Create Jobs
Who Says the Gov't Can't Create JobsMitch Green
 

More from Mitch Green (15)

Two views of money
Two views of moneyTwo views of money
Two views of money
 
This Could Change Everything
This Could Change EverythingThis Could Change Everything
This Could Change Everything
 
War on Poverty
War on PovertyWar on Poverty
War on Poverty
 
Money is No Object
Money is No ObjectMoney is No Object
Money is No Object
 
Did Greenspan "Blow" It?
Did Greenspan "Blow" It?Did Greenspan "Blow" It?
Did Greenspan "Blow" It?
 
What You Know for Sure That Just Ain't So
What You Know for Sure That Just Ain't SoWhat You Know for Sure That Just Ain't So
What You Know for Sure That Just Ain't So
 
It's What You Know for Sure that Just Ain't So
It's What You Know for Sure that Just Ain't SoIt's What You Know for Sure that Just Ain't So
It's What You Know for Sure that Just Ain't So
 
Adding the Domestic Private Sector Financial Balance
Adding the Domestic Private Sector Financial BalanceAdding the Domestic Private Sector Financial Balance
Adding the Domestic Private Sector Financial Balance
 
Lesson 1: What is Money?
Lesson 1:  What is Money?Lesson 1:  What is Money?
Lesson 1: What is Money?
 
MMT Basics: You Cannot Consider the Deficit in Isolation
MMT Basics: You Cannot Consider the Deficit in IsolationMMT Basics: You Cannot Consider the Deficit in Isolation
MMT Basics: You Cannot Consider the Deficit in Isolation
 
Money is No Object: Why We Should and How We Can Achieve Full Employment
Money is No Object: Why We Should and  How We Can Achieve Full EmploymentMoney is No Object: Why We Should and  How We Can Achieve Full Employment
Money is No Object: Why We Should and How We Can Achieve Full Employment
 
MODERN MONEY AND FUNCTIONAL FINANCE
MODERN MONEY AND FUNCTIONAL FINANCEMODERN MONEY AND FUNCTIONAL FINANCE
MODERN MONEY AND FUNCTIONAL FINANCE
 
THE CREDIT MONEY, STATE MONEY, AND ENDOGENOUS MONEY APPROACHES
THE CREDIT MONEY, STATE MONEY, AND ENDOGENOUS MONEY APPROACHESTHE CREDIT MONEY, STATE MONEY, AND ENDOGENOUS MONEY APPROACHES
THE CREDIT MONEY, STATE MONEY, AND ENDOGENOUS MONEY APPROACHES
 
How to Teach Money
How to Teach MoneyHow to Teach Money
How to Teach Money
 
Who Says the Gov't Can't Create Jobs
Who Says the Gov't Can't Create JobsWho Says the Gov't Can't Create Jobs
Who Says the Gov't Can't Create Jobs
 

Recently uploaded

Call Girls In Panjim Mariott Resort ₰8588052666₰ North ...
Call Girls In Panjim Mariott Resort ₰8588052666₰ North ...Call Girls In Panjim Mariott Resort ₰8588052666₰ North ...
Call Girls In Panjim Mariott Resort ₰8588052666₰ North ...nishakur201
 
Hoi An Ancient Town, Vietnam (越南 會安古鎮).ppsx
Hoi An Ancient Town, Vietnam (越南 會安古鎮).ppsxHoi An Ancient Town, Vietnam (越南 會安古鎮).ppsx
Hoi An Ancient Town, Vietnam (越南 會安古鎮).ppsxChung Yen Chang
 
8377087607 Full Enjoy @24/7 Call Girls in INA Market Dilli Hatt Delhi NCR
8377087607 Full Enjoy @24/7 Call Girls in INA Market Dilli Hatt Delhi NCR8377087607 Full Enjoy @24/7 Call Girls in INA Market Dilli Hatt Delhi NCR
8377087607 Full Enjoy @24/7 Call Girls in INA Market Dilli Hatt Delhi NCRdollysharma2066
 
Moving to Italy - A Relocation Rollercoaster
Moving to Italy - A Relocation RollercoasterMoving to Italy - A Relocation Rollercoaster
Moving to Italy - A Relocation RollercoasterStefSmulders1
 
Where to Stay in Lagos, Portugal.pptxasd
Where to Stay in Lagos, Portugal.pptxasdWhere to Stay in Lagos, Portugal.pptxasd
Where to Stay in Lagos, Portugal.pptxasdusmanghaniwixpatriot
 
Apply Indian E-Visa Process Online (Evisa)
Apply Indian E-Visa Process Online (Evisa)Apply Indian E-Visa Process Online (Evisa)
Apply Indian E-Visa Process Online (Evisa)RanjeetKumar108130
 
Exploring Sicily Your Comprehensive Ebook Travel Guide
Exploring Sicily Your Comprehensive Ebook Travel GuideExploring Sicily Your Comprehensive Ebook Travel Guide
Exploring Sicily Your Comprehensive Ebook Travel GuideTime for Sicily
 
Louisville Bourbon Tour Packages
Louisville    Bourbon    Tour    PackagesLouisville    Bourbon    Tour    Packages
Louisville Bourbon Tour Packagestrailntrackus
 
VIP Call Girls in Noida 9711199012 Escorts in Greater Noida,Ms
VIP Call Girls in Noida 9711199012 Escorts in Greater Noida,MsVIP Call Girls in Noida 9711199012 Escorts in Greater Noida,Ms
VIP Call Girls in Noida 9711199012 Escorts in Greater Noida,Msankitnayak356677
 
Inspirational Quotes About Italy and Food
Inspirational Quotes About Italy and FoodInspirational Quotes About Italy and Food
Inspirational Quotes About Italy and FoodKasia Chojecki
 
Aeromexico Airlines Flight Name Change Policy
Aeromexico Airlines Flight Name Change PolicyAeromexico Airlines Flight Name Change Policy
Aeromexico Airlines Flight Name Change PolicyFlyFairTravels
 
Italia Lucca 1 Un tesoro nascosto tra le sue mura
Italia Lucca 1 Un tesoro nascosto tra le sue muraItalia Lucca 1 Un tesoro nascosto tra le sue mura
Italia Lucca 1 Un tesoro nascosto tra le sue murasandamichaela *
 
Revolutionalizing Travel: A VacAI Update
Revolutionalizing Travel: A VacAI UpdateRevolutionalizing Travel: A VacAI Update
Revolutionalizing Travel: A VacAI Updatejoymorrison10
 
How Safe Is It To Witness Whales In Maui’s Waters
How Safe Is It To Witness Whales In Maui’s WatersHow Safe Is It To Witness Whales In Maui’s Waters
How Safe Is It To Witness Whales In Maui’s WatersMakena Coast Charters
 
Dubai Call Girls O528786472 Call Girls Dubai Big Juicy
Dubai Call Girls O528786472 Call Girls Dubai Big JuicyDubai Call Girls O528786472 Call Girls Dubai Big Juicy
Dubai Call Girls O528786472 Call Girls Dubai Big Juicyhf8803863
 
69 Girls ✠ 9599264170 ✠ Call Girls In East Of Kailash (VIP)
69 Girls ✠ 9599264170 ✠ Call Girls In East Of Kailash (VIP)69 Girls ✠ 9599264170 ✠ Call Girls In East Of Kailash (VIP)
69 Girls ✠ 9599264170 ✠ Call Girls In East Of Kailash (VIP)Escort Service
 
(8264348440) 🔝 Call Girls In Nand Nagri 🔝 Delhi NCR
(8264348440) 🔝 Call Girls In Nand Nagri 🔝 Delhi NCR(8264348440) 🔝 Call Girls In Nand Nagri 🔝 Delhi NCR
(8264348440) 🔝 Call Girls In Nand Nagri 🔝 Delhi NCRsoniya singh
 
5S - House keeping (Seiri, Seiton, Seiso, Seiketsu, Shitsuke)
5S - House keeping (Seiri, Seiton, Seiso, Seiketsu, Shitsuke)5S - House keeping (Seiri, Seiton, Seiso, Seiketsu, Shitsuke)
5S - House keeping (Seiri, Seiton, Seiso, Seiketsu, Shitsuke)Mazie Garcia
 

Recently uploaded (20)

Call Girls In Panjim Mariott Resort ₰8588052666₰ North ...
Call Girls In Panjim Mariott Resort ₰8588052666₰ North ...Call Girls In Panjim Mariott Resort ₰8588052666₰ North ...
Call Girls In Panjim Mariott Resort ₰8588052666₰ North ...
 
Hoi An Ancient Town, Vietnam (越南 會安古鎮).ppsx
Hoi An Ancient Town, Vietnam (越南 會安古鎮).ppsxHoi An Ancient Town, Vietnam (越南 會安古鎮).ppsx
Hoi An Ancient Town, Vietnam (越南 會安古鎮).ppsx
 
8377087607 Full Enjoy @24/7 Call Girls in INA Market Dilli Hatt Delhi NCR
8377087607 Full Enjoy @24/7 Call Girls in INA Market Dilli Hatt Delhi NCR8377087607 Full Enjoy @24/7 Call Girls in INA Market Dilli Hatt Delhi NCR
8377087607 Full Enjoy @24/7 Call Girls in INA Market Dilli Hatt Delhi NCR
 
Moving to Italy - A Relocation Rollercoaster
Moving to Italy - A Relocation RollercoasterMoving to Italy - A Relocation Rollercoaster
Moving to Italy - A Relocation Rollercoaster
 
Enjoy ➥8448380779▻ Call Girls In Sector 74 Noida Escorts Delhi NCR
Enjoy ➥8448380779▻ Call Girls In Sector 74 Noida Escorts Delhi NCREnjoy ➥8448380779▻ Call Girls In Sector 74 Noida Escorts Delhi NCR
Enjoy ➥8448380779▻ Call Girls In Sector 74 Noida Escorts Delhi NCR
 
Where to Stay in Lagos, Portugal.pptxasd
Where to Stay in Lagos, Portugal.pptxasdWhere to Stay in Lagos, Portugal.pptxasd
Where to Stay in Lagos, Portugal.pptxasd
 
Apply Indian E-Visa Process Online (Evisa)
Apply Indian E-Visa Process Online (Evisa)Apply Indian E-Visa Process Online (Evisa)
Apply Indian E-Visa Process Online (Evisa)
 
Exploring Sicily Your Comprehensive Ebook Travel Guide
Exploring Sicily Your Comprehensive Ebook Travel GuideExploring Sicily Your Comprehensive Ebook Travel Guide
Exploring Sicily Your Comprehensive Ebook Travel Guide
 
Louisville Bourbon Tour Packages
Louisville    Bourbon    Tour    PackagesLouisville    Bourbon    Tour    Packages
Louisville Bourbon Tour Packages
 
VIP Call Girls in Noida 9711199012 Escorts in Greater Noida,Ms
VIP Call Girls in Noida 9711199012 Escorts in Greater Noida,MsVIP Call Girls in Noida 9711199012 Escorts in Greater Noida,Ms
VIP Call Girls in Noida 9711199012 Escorts in Greater Noida,Ms
 
Inspirational Quotes About Italy and Food
Inspirational Quotes About Italy and FoodInspirational Quotes About Italy and Food
Inspirational Quotes About Italy and Food
 
Aeromexico Airlines Flight Name Change Policy
Aeromexico Airlines Flight Name Change PolicyAeromexico Airlines Flight Name Change Policy
Aeromexico Airlines Flight Name Change Policy
 
Italia Lucca 1 Un tesoro nascosto tra le sue mura
Italia Lucca 1 Un tesoro nascosto tra le sue muraItalia Lucca 1 Un tesoro nascosto tra le sue mura
Italia Lucca 1 Un tesoro nascosto tra le sue mura
 
Revolutionalizing Travel: A VacAI Update
Revolutionalizing Travel: A VacAI UpdateRevolutionalizing Travel: A VacAI Update
Revolutionalizing Travel: A VacAI Update
 
How Safe Is It To Witness Whales In Maui’s Waters
How Safe Is It To Witness Whales In Maui’s WatersHow Safe Is It To Witness Whales In Maui’s Waters
How Safe Is It To Witness Whales In Maui’s Waters
 
Dubai Call Girls O528786472 Call Girls Dubai Big Juicy
Dubai Call Girls O528786472 Call Girls Dubai Big JuicyDubai Call Girls O528786472 Call Girls Dubai Big Juicy
Dubai Call Girls O528786472 Call Girls Dubai Big Juicy
 
Enjoy ➥8448380779▻ Call Girls In Sector 62 Noida Escorts Delhi NCR
Enjoy ➥8448380779▻ Call Girls In Sector 62 Noida Escorts Delhi NCREnjoy ➥8448380779▻ Call Girls In Sector 62 Noida Escorts Delhi NCR
Enjoy ➥8448380779▻ Call Girls In Sector 62 Noida Escorts Delhi NCR
 
69 Girls ✠ 9599264170 ✠ Call Girls In East Of Kailash (VIP)
69 Girls ✠ 9599264170 ✠ Call Girls In East Of Kailash (VIP)69 Girls ✠ 9599264170 ✠ Call Girls In East Of Kailash (VIP)
69 Girls ✠ 9599264170 ✠ Call Girls In East Of Kailash (VIP)
 
(8264348440) 🔝 Call Girls In Nand Nagri 🔝 Delhi NCR
(8264348440) 🔝 Call Girls In Nand Nagri 🔝 Delhi NCR(8264348440) 🔝 Call Girls In Nand Nagri 🔝 Delhi NCR
(8264348440) 🔝 Call Girls In Nand Nagri 🔝 Delhi NCR
 
5S - House keeping (Seiri, Seiton, Seiso, Seiketsu, Shitsuke)
5S - House keeping (Seiri, Seiton, Seiso, Seiketsu, Shitsuke)5S - House keeping (Seiri, Seiton, Seiso, Seiketsu, Shitsuke)
5S - House keeping (Seiri, Seiton, Seiso, Seiketsu, Shitsuke)
 

How Germany's Labor Market Reforms Crushed the French and the PIIGS

  • 1. How Germany's Labor Market Reforms Crushed the French and the PIIGS Stephanie Kelton, Associate Professor of Economics University of Missouri – Kansas City Avraham Baranes, Ph.D. Student, Dept. of Economics University of Missouri – Kansas City
  • 2. Current Account 1997 4.0% 3.0% 2.0% 1.0% 0.0% Portugal Italy Ireland Greece Spain Germany France Percent of GDP -1.0% -2.0% -3.0% -4.0% -5.0% -6.0% -7.0%
  • 3. Current Account 1998 4.0% 2.0% 0.0% Portugal Italy Ireland Greece Spain Germany France Percent of GDP -2.0% -4.0% -6.0% -8.0%
  • 4. Current Account 1999 4.0% 2.0% 0.0% Portugal Italy Ireland Greece Spain Germany France -2.0% Percent of GDP -4.0% -6.0% -8.0% -10.0%
  • 5. Current Account 2000 4.0% 2.0% 0.0% Portugal Italy Ireland Greece Spain Germany France -2.0% Percent of GDP -4.0% -6.0% -8.0% -10.0% -12.0%
  • 6. Current Account 2001 4.0% 2.0% 0.0% Portugal Italy Ireland Greece Spain Germany France -2.0% Percent of GDP -4.0% -6.0% -8.0% -10.0% -12.0%
  • 7. Current Account 2002 4.0% 2.0% 0.0% Portugal Italy Ireland Greece Spain Germany France -2.0% Percent of GDP -4.0% -6.0% -8.0% -10.0%
  • 8. Current Account 2003 3.0% 2.0% 1.0% 0.0% Portugal Italy Ireland Greece Spain Germany France -1.0% Percent of GDP -2.0% -3.0% -4.0% -5.0% -6.0% -7.0%
  • 9. Current Account 2004 6.0% 4.0% 2.0% 0.0% Portugal Italy Ireland Greece Spain Germany France Percent of GDP -2.0% -4.0% -6.0% -8.0% -10.0%
  • 10. Current Account 2005 6.0% 4.0% 2.0% 0.0% Portugal Italy Ireland Greece Spain Germany France Percent of GDP -2.0% -4.0% -6.0% -8.0% -10.0% -12.0%
  • 11. Current Account 2006 8.0% 6.0% 4.0% 2.0% 0.0% Portugal Italy Ireland Greece Spain Germany France Percent of GDP -2.0% -4.0% -6.0% -8.0% -10.0% -12.0% -14.0%
  • 12. Current Account 2007 10.0% 5.0% 0.0% Portugal Italy Ireland Greece Spain Germany France Percent of GDP -5.0% -10.0% -15.0% -20.0%
  • 13. Current Account 2008 10.0% 5.0% 0.0% Portugal Italy Ireland Greece Spain Germany France Percent of GDP -5.0% -10.0% -15.0% -20.0%
  • 14. Current Account 2009 6.0% 4.0% 2.0% 0.0% Portugal Italy Ireland Greece Spain Germany France -2.0% Percent of GDP -4.0% -6.0% -8.0% -10.0% -12.0% -14.0%
  • 15. Current Account 2010 8.0% 6.0% 4.0% 2.0% 0.0% Portugal Italy Ireland Greece Spain Germany France Percent of GDP -2.0% -4.0% -6.0% -8.0% -10.0% -12.0%
  • 16. Current Account 2011 8.0% 6.0% 4.0% 2.0% 0.0% Portugal Italy Ireland Greece Spain Germany France Percent of GDP -2.0% -4.0% -6.0% -8.0% -10.0% -12.0%