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Akademisk skriftlig fremstilling
Den videnskabelige genre
www.studiemetro.au.dk
2
Teksttyper
• Selvstændig opgave
(videnskabelig
undersøgelse)
• Færdighedsopgave
(bunden opgave)
• Formidlingstekst
(rækker ud af
fagfællesskabet)
3
4
Efter: Becker Jensen.
2005, s. 20, og Rienecker
og Stray Jørgensen. 2010,
s. 44
Distance/
Akademisk tekst
Identifikation/
Formidlingstekst
Tekst På sagsforholdets
betingelser
På læserens betingelser
Udgangspunkt Fagligt problem Læserens forhold til
problemet
Perceptionsopfattelse
(modtagelse)
Intellekt
bevidst
Følelse
førbevidst
Afsenderrolle Eksplicit
Objektiv
Implicit
Subjektiv
Form/disposition Abstrakt
Logisk: undersøgelses-
kronologisk
Konkret
Anskuelig: ud fra læserens
interesse
Etisk norm Demokratisk
(fælles ”regler”)
Funktionel
(målet helliger midlet)
Videnskabelighed
Undersøgelsen skal være
• Gennemskuelig
• Kontrollerbar
• Fyldestgørende
• Klar
5
Videnskabelighed 1:
gennemskuelig
• Det skal fremgå tydeligt, hvordan
undersøgelsen er foretaget.
• Det skal fremgå, hvad der er
grundantagelsen, og hvordan
undersøgelsen er udført.
• Alle mellemregninger skal vises - ikke kun
det endelige resultat.
6
Videnskabelighed 2:
kontrollerbar
• Læseren skal kunne rekonstruere
undersøgelsen.
• Alle argumenter skal kunne følges
• Alle citater og kildehenvisninger skal være
korrekte.
7
Videnskabelighed 3:
fyldestgørende
• Undersøgelsen skal behandle væsentlige
indvendinger mod konklusionen.
• Det skal fremgå, hvorfor man på trods af
indvendingerne må godtage
undersøgelsens konklusion.
8
Videnskabelighed 4:
klar
• Præcist sprog
• Entydig anvendelse af udtryk og begreber
• Ikke unødigt knudret sprog
Kilde: www.studiemetro.au
9
Det pragmatiske
sandhedsbegreb
• Hvis det overbeviser fagfællesskabet, er
det sandt.
• Dokumentation af resultatets
modsigelsesfrihed.
10
Blooms taksonomi
11
Akademiske sproghandlinger
• Beskrive, definere
• Analysere, anvende
• Afprøve, behandle
• Sammenligne,
uddrage
• Diskutere, planlægge
• Perspektivere
12
Ikke-akademiske handlinger
Undgå at …
• Fortælle om, se på
• Synes, mene, tro
• Postulere
• Håbe, tænke
• Osv.
13
Diskussionsøvelse
• Hvilke konsekvenser har henholdsvis myte
og modsvar for:
Proces
Produkt
Vejledning?
• Hvad er dine egne erfaringer?
14
Den akademiske
undersøgelsesproces
• Arbejdet foregår ikke lineært
• Processen kan ikke styres fuldstændig
• Der vil løbende opstå nye erkendelser
• Ideudvikling og skrivning foregår ofte i
samspil med andre
15
Ikke sådan … Men sådan …
16

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Akademisk skriftlig fremstilling 1, videnskabelig genre