Monolithic to microservices migration journey with spring cloud

MONOLITHIC TO MICROSERVICES
MIGRATION JOURNEY
of iyzico with Spring Cloud

ABOUT US
ZEYNEL KOÇAK
@zeynelkocak
@zeynelkck
@zeynelkocak
MUSTAFA CAN TEKIR
@mustafacantekir
@mustafacantekir
@mustafacantekir

AGENGA
Limitations of Monolithic Architecture

Centralized Conﬁguration Management

Netﬂix OSS

Authentication & Authorization

What is Next?

Q&A

LIMITATIONS OF MONOLITHIC ARCHITECTURE
• Lots of challenges to manage services right now

• Large code base

• Many Components, no clear ownership

• Quick adaptation to diﬀerent business needs

• Long deployment cycles

• Auto scaling and healing

• Managing the conﬁg of the environments

MONOLITHIC TO MICROSERVICES
• YAGNI (You Aren't Gonna Need It)

• Exposing new restful apis to front-end

• Current API project count in backend : 40+ and growing

MICROSERVICES
Front-End (React App)
Apı Gateway
LB
Apı Gateway
1
Apı Gateway
2
Settlement
Reporting API
1
Settlement
Reporting API
2
Payment
Reporting API
1
Payment
Reporting API
2
Merchant
API 2
Merchant
API 1
Confing
Server LB
Confing
Server 1
Confing
Server 2
Discovery
Server 1
Discovery
Server 1
Auth
Server 1
Auth
Server 1
Elastic
searchRedisMySql
Bitbucket
(Config Repo)

CONFIG SERVER
• Centralized

• Conﬁguration First

• Git for Storage
Service A
Service B
Load Balancer
Config
Server -1
Config
Server -2
Git

• Key / Value

• Exposes Rest APIs

• Encrypt / Decrypt

• Fail Fast, Force Pull

• Retry

• Refresh properties in runtime 
curl –X POST http://localhost:8080/refresh
CONFIG SERVER

CONFIG SERVER
Encrypt / Decrypt 
curl localhost:8080/encrypt -d value 
8eb5cb42dc80d5aad09c67861e0fdad2534b05680adf9939502c3e57d0345
c01 
curl localhost:8080/encrypt -d value 
bb96c622456bb8d2af70b68bc30d00a4ebb915bce98628dd64f842af458a7
27a 
 
username: '{cipher}
bb96c622456bb8d2af70b68bc30d00a4ebb915bce98628dd64f842af458a7
27a '

API GATEWAY / BACKEND FOR FRONTEND
• An edge service, gatekeeper for micro services

• Adapter layer for speciﬁc devices

• Some services might not be friendly

• Another component to make holy available

NETFLIX ZUUL
• Easy setup
• Used by many tech companies in production

• Rate limiting or logging ﬁlters vs.

• Authentication

• Smart Load Balancing

• Attack Detection & Prevention

• Diﬃcult to manage timeout with gateway and apis together

• Keep business logic out of gateway :)

ALTERNATIVES
• Nginx and zuul 1.0 is blocking

• Zuul 2.0 , Spring Cloud Gateway , Linkerd , Envoy is non blocking

➤ Asynchronus Programming
➤ Event – Loop Pattern
➤ High Performance -> CPU Utilization
➤ Improve Resiliency –> Connection Scaling
➤ Diﬃcult tracing and debug
•

SERVICE DISCOVERY
• Number of service instances and locations
changes dynamically (on-demand scalability)

• So hard to manage lots of microservices in a
cloud native world with DNS and Load
Balancers

• Maintains registry of client with metadata (host,
port, name)

• Client heartbeats

• Client code is simpler just a request to
the router

• Router is another component to install,
conﬁgure and make highly available

• More network hops are required than
client-side

• AWS Elastic Load Balancer is an example
SERVER SIDE DISCOVERY

• Client code is simpler just a request to
the router

• Router is another component to install,
conﬁgure and make highly available

• More network hops are required than
client-side

• AWS Elastic Load Balancer is an example
CLIENT SIDE DISCOVERY

• Uses client-side discovery

• Provides rest api to query service
instances

• All nodes sync with eventually consistent
approach
NETFLIX EUREKA
Register : register at startup

Fetch Registry : provide client-side registry cache

Heartbeat : heartbeat every 30 seconds

WHY WE CHOOSE EUREKA
• Easy setup

• Rest based service registry

• Support replication

• Caches on client

• Fast but not consistent

• Discovery server client interface (abstraction)

CHALLANGES IN REGISTERING EUREKA
• Client Registration

• Server Response Cache

• Client Cache Refresh

• LoadBalancer Refresh

• Declarative rest client with interfaces

• It makes writing web service clients easier (no implementation code)

• @FeignClient annotation

• Spring Cloud will implement it at run-time

• Uses ribbon load balancer and hystrix circuit breaker

• No more implements client projects
•
FEIGN CLIENT

RIBBON
• Client side load balancer

• Load Balancing Algorithms

• Fault Tolerance

• Eureka, Hystrix

• Good set of conﬁguration

SLEUTH
• Traceability Problem in Microservices

• Distributed Tracing Solution

• TraceId, SpanId

• Zipkin

• Hystrix, Rest Template, Feign Client, WebClient,
WebFlux , Zuul

SLEUTH
• [appName,traceId,spanId,exportable]

• [gateway,3304850e78ef339d,3304850e78ef339d,false]

• [reporting-api,3304850e78ef339d,3c3d599eb7acb79b,false]


• [dispute-api,3304850e78ef339d,6a891d5ed4f59aa8,false]




• [gateway,3304850e78ef339d,3304850e78ef339d,false]

HYSTRIX
• Netﬂix OSS

• Failures Will Happen

• Prevent Domino Eﬀect

• Hystrix Properties

• Fallback Method

• Hystrix Dashboard

• Need a token-based approach to talk to front-
end

• Need to authenticate a single request in all
microservices

• Authorize requests according to user
permissions
•
AUTHENTICATION & AUTHORIZATION

• Open standard authorization protocol
speciﬁcation

• Enables access without sharing credentials

•
OAUTH2
• Used by many tech companies

• Support Single Sign-On

•

• An open standard for securely sending
information between parties

• Consists 3 parts. Header, payload(claims)
and the signature xxxxx.yyyyy.zzzzz

• Encoded not encrypted

• JWTs can be signed using a secret (with the
HMACSHA256 algorithm) or a public/private
key pair using RSA.

• Stateless authentication

• Customize token
JWT (JSON WEB TOKEN )

STEP BY STEP MIGRATION
1. Sprint Cloud Dependencies

2. Move configs to config repo

3. OAuth Integration

4. Log Execution Interceptor

5. Enable Discovery Client

6. Exception Handling

7. Configurations

FUTURE ROAD MAP
Registration First
Spring Cloud Bus
Migration To Microservice
Databases
Event Based
Dockerize
Kubernetes

Monolithic to microservices migration journey with spring cloud

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