1.
Zaryab Ghauri
Final Year
Batch E

2.
 Age < 10years
 Painful lump jus below the angle of jaw
 Child may snore at night, Difficulty in
breathing, Nasal speech, Recurrent chest
infections
 Systemic Effects: Feels ill sore throat pyrexia
and doesn’t want to eat
 Malnourished child, Cold, damp houses

3.
 Children, young and elderly
 Lump with gradual appearance, With or
without pain
 Neck movement and swallowing painful
 Anorexia and weight loss
 If breaks down into abscess it increases in size,
become painful, discoloration of overlying skin
 BCG vaccination
 Any Family member has TB
 Poor socioeconomic status

4.
 Common in children and young adults
 Painless lump which Grow slowly
 Systemic:
Malaise, weight loss and pallor
Itching of the skin (unexplained but distinct)
Periodic fever and rigors
Pains in bones
Venous congestion in the neck ( large lymph gland
mass occlude superior vena cava)

5.
 Occur in patients > 50 years
 Painless lump
 Grow slowly and new lumps may appear
 Symptoms of Primary lesion
 In the head and neck: sore tongue; hoarse voice
 In the chest: cough; haemoptysis
 In the abdomen: dyspepsia; abdominal pain
 Head and neck cancers do not cause anorexia or
weight loss

6.
 Laboratory investigations
 Blood film exam
Diagnosis of glandular fever or leukemia
 LFT & RFT: helpful in identify associated
underlying systemic disorders
 Serological tests: HIV & syphilis
 LN biopsy: Histological Diagnosis
(particularly in Hodg.and non-Hodg.
lymphoma)

7.
 Radiological investigations
 X-ray: TB shows typical spotty calcification
 Chest X-ray: shows enlarged mediastinal nodes or
primary occult tumor of the lung
 U/S: helpful in evaluating the changes in the lymph
nodes
 CT scan of chest & abdomen in case of supraclavicular
adenopathy, associated with serious underlying
disease