Rails 3: Dashing to the Finish

1. { Rails 3

3. Overview

4. Dashing to the Finish

5. A Lot Like Rails 2.3

6. Quick Refresher

7. What Hasn’t Changed?

8. MVC

9. REST

10. Resources

11. Controllers

12. Migrations

13. AR Ideas

14. Big User-Facing Changes

15. File Structure

16. con g.ru # This file is used by Rack-based # servers to start the application. require ::File.expand_path( '../config/environment', __FILE__ ) run Tutorial::Application

17. con g/boot.rb require 'rubygems' # Set up gems listed in the Gemfile. gemfile = File.expand_path( '../../Gemfile', __FILE__ ) if File.exist?(gemfile) ENV['BUNDLE_GEMFILE'] = gemfile require 'bundler' Bundler.setup end

18. Gem le source 'http://rubygems.org' gem 'rails', '3.0.0.beta3' gem 'sqlite3-ruby'

19. con g/environment.rb # Load the rails application require File.expand_path( '../application', __FILE__ ) # Initialize the rails application Tutorial::Application.initialize!

20. con g/application.rb (1) require File.expand_path( '../boot', __FILE__ ) require 'rails/all' if defined?(Bundler) Bundler.require(:default, Rails.env) end

21. con g/application.rb (2) module Tutorial class Application < Rails::Application config.encoding = "utf-8" config.filter_parameters += [:password] end end

22. environments/production.rb Tutorial::Application.configure do config.cache_classes = true config.consider_all_requests_local = false config.action_controller.perform_caching = true config.action_dispatch.x_sendfile_header = "X-Sendfile" config.serve_static_assets = false end

23. initializers/session_store.rb Rails.application. config.session_store( :cookie_store, :key => '_tutorial_session' )

24. script/rails (1) #!/usr/bin/env ruby # This command will automatically # be run when you run "rails" with # Rails 3 gems installed from the # root of your application. ENV_PATH = File.expand_path( '../../config/environment', __FILE__ )

25. script/rails (2) BOOT_PATH = File.expand_path( '../../config/boot', __FILE__ ) APP_PATH = File.expand_path( '../../config/application', __FILE__ ) require BOOT_PATH require 'rails/commands'

26. Recent

27. Even Easier to Remove Bundler

28. Removing Bundler $ rm Gemfile

29. app/mailers $ script/rails g mailer welcome create app/mailers/welcome.rb invoke erb create app/views/welcome invoke test_unit create test/functional/welcome_test.rb

30. app/layouts/application.html.erb <!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <title>Tutorial</title> <%= stylesheet_link_tag :all %> <%= javascript_include_tag :defaults %> <%= csrf_meta_tag %> </head> <body> <%= yield %> </body> </html>

31. public/ javascripts/ rails.js

32. github.com/ rails/jquery-ujs

33. db/seeds.rb

34. rake db:setup

35. db:create db:schema:load db:seed

36. lib/tasks/setup.rake task :bundle do system "bundle install" end task :setup => ["bundle", "db:setup"]

37. Rails Command ★ generate | g ★ destroy ★ console | c ★ benchmarker ★ server | s ★ profiler ★ dbconsole | db ★ plugin ★ application ★ runner

38. Block Helpers

39. Block Helpers (Before) <% form_for @post do |f| %> <%= f.input_field :name %> <% end %>

40. Block Helpers (Before) <% box do %> <p>Hello World!</p> <% end %>

41. Block Helpers (Before) def box(&block) content = "<div class='box'>" << capture(&block) << "</div>" if block_called_from_erb? concat(content) else content end end

42. Block Helpers (After) <%= box do %> <p>Hello World!</p> <% end %>

43. Block Helpers (After) def box(&block) "<div class='box'>" "#{capture(&block)}" "</div>" end

44. Block Helpers (After) def box(&block) "<div class='box'>" "#{capture(&block)}" "</div>".html_safe end

45. Recent

46. Tons of Fixes to XSS Safe

47. Lots of XSS- Related Changes to Your App...

48. You’re Doing it Wrong

49. Router

50. Note: Signi cant Changes Ahead

51. Also Note: Old Mapper Still Available

52. Matching map.connect "posts", :controller => :posts, :action => :index

53. Matching map.connect "posts", :controller => :posts, :action => :index match "posts" => "posts#index"

54. Optional Segments match "/posts(/page)" => "posts#index"

55. Optional Dynamic Segments match "/posts(/:id)" => "posts#index"

56. Default Parameters match "/posts(/:id)" => "posts#index", :defaults => {:id => 1}

57. Default Parameters match "/posts(/:id)" => "posts#index", :id => 1

58. Named Routes match "/posts(/:id)" => "posts#index", :id => 1, :as => "posts"

59. The Root root :to => "posts#index"

60. Scopes

61. Path Scope match "/admin/posts" => "posts#index" match "/admin/users" => "users#index"

62. Path Scope match "/admin/posts" => "posts#index" match "/admin/users" => "users#index" scope :path => "admin" do match "/posts" => "posts#index" match "/users" => "users#index" end

63. Path Scope match "/admin/posts" => "posts#index" match "/admin/users" => "users#index" scope "admin" do match "/posts" => "posts#index" match "/users" => "users#index" end

64. Module Scope match "/posts" => "admin/posts#index" match "/users" => "admin/users#index"

65. Module Scope match "/posts" => "admin/posts#index" match "/users" => "admin/users#index" scope :module => "admin" do match "/posts" => "posts#index" match "/users" => "users#index" end

66. Both match "admin/posts" => "admin/posts#index" match "admin/users" => "admin/users#index"

67. Both match "admin/posts" => "admin/posts#index" match "admin/users" => "admin/users#index" namespace "admin" do match "/posts" => "posts#index" match "/users" => "users#index" end

68. HTTP Methods

69. Get Request match "/posts" => "posts#index", :via => "get"

70. Get Request match "/posts" => "posts#index", :via => "get" get "/posts" => "posts#index"

71. Scoping scope "/posts" do controller :posts do get "/" => :index end end

72. Scoping scope "/posts" do controller :posts do get "/" => :index end end get "/posts" => "posts#index"

73. Default Resource Route controller :posts do scope "/posts" do get "/" => :index post "/" => :create get "/:id" => :show put "/:id" => :update delete "/:id" => :delete get "/new" => :new get "/:id/edit" => :edit end end

74. Default Resource Route controller :posts do scope "/posts" do get "/" => :index, :as => :posts post "/" => :create get "/:id" => :show, :as => :post put "/:id" => :update delete "/:id" => :delete get "/new" => :new, :as => :new_post get "/:id/edit" => :edit, :as => :edit_post end end

75. Constraints

76. Regex Constraint get "/:id" => "posts#index", :constraints => {:id => /d+/}

77. Regex Constraint get "/:id" => "posts#index", :id => /d+/

78. Request-Based Constraint get "/mobile" => "posts#index", :constraints => {:user_agent => /iPhone/}

79. Request-Based Constraint get "/mobile" => "posts#index", :constraints => {:user_agent => /iPhone/}, :defaults => {:mobile => true}

80. Request-Based Constraint get "/mobile" => "posts#index", :user_agent => /iPhone/, :mobile => true

81. Object Constraints class DubDubConstraint def self.matches?(request) request.host =~ /^(www.)/ end end get "/" => "posts#index", :constraints => DubDubConstraint

82. Rack

83. Equivalent get "/posts" => "posts#index"

84. Equivalent get "/posts" => "posts#index" get "/posts" => PostsController.action(:index)

85. Rack >> a = PostsController.action(:index)

86. Rack >> a = PostsController.action(:index) => #<Proc:0x0000000103d050d0@/Users/ wycats/Code/rails/actionpack/lib/ action_controller/metal.rb:123>

87. Rack >> a = PostsController.action(:index) => #<Proc:0x0000000103d050d0@/Users/ wycats/Code/rails/actionpack/lib/ action_controller/metal.rb:123> >> e = Rack::MockRequest.env_for("/")

88. Rack >> a = PostsController.action(:index) => #<Proc:0x0000000103d050d0@/Users/ wycats/Code/rails/actionpack/lib/ action_controller/metal.rb:123> >> e = Rack::MockRequest.env_for("/") => {"SERVER_NAME"=>"example.org", "CONTENT_LENGTH"=>"0", ...}

89. Rack >> a = PostsController.action(:index) => #<Proc:0x0000000103d050d0@/Users/ wycats/Code/rails/actionpack/lib/ action_controller/metal.rb:123> >> e = Rack::MockRequest.env_for("/") => {"SERVER_NAME"=>"example.org", "CONTENT_LENGTH"=>"0", ...} >> e.call(a)

90. Rack >> a = PostsController.action(:index) => #<Proc:0x0000000103d050d0@/Users/ wycats/Code/rails/actionpack/lib/ action_controller/metal.rb:123> >> e = Rack::MockRequest.env_for("/") => {"SERVER_NAME"=>"example.org", "CONTENT_LENGTH"=>"0", ...} >> e.call(a) => [200, {"ETag"=> '"eca5953f36da05ff351d712d904e"', ...}, ["Hello World"]]

91. Match to Rack class MyApp def call(env) [200, {"Content-Type" => "text/html"}, ["Hello World"]] end end get "/" => MyApp.new

92. Redirection get "/" => redirect("/foo")

93. Redirection get "/" => redirect("/foo") get "/:id" => redirect("/posts/%{id}") get "/:id" => redirect("/posts/%s")

94. Redirection get "/" => redirect("/foo") get "/:id" => redirect("/posts/%{id}") get "/:id" => redirect("/posts/%s") get "/:id" => redirect { |params, req| ... }

95. Rack App def redirect(*args, &block) options = args.last.is_a?(Hash) ? args.pop : {} path = args.shift || block path_proc = path.is_a?(Proc) ? path : proc { |params| path % params } status = options[:status] || 301 body = 'Moved Permanently' lambda do |env| req = Request.new(env) params = [req.symbolized_path_parameters] params << req if path_proc.arity > 1 uri = URI.parse(path_proc.call(*params)) uri.scheme ||= req.scheme uri.host ||= req.host uri.port ||= req.port unless req.port == 80 headers = { 'Location' => uri.to_s, 'Content-Type' => 'text/html', 'Content-Length' => body.length.to_s } [ status, headers, [body] ] end end

96. Rack App def redirect(*args, &block) options = args.last.is_a?(Hash) ? args.pop : {} path = args.shift || block path_proc = path.is_a?(Proc) ? path : proc { |params| path % params } status = options[:status] || 301 body = 'Moved Permanently' lambda do |env| req = Request.new(env) redirect(*args, &block) params = [req.symbolized_path_parameters] params << req if path_proc.arity > 1 uri = URI.parse(path_proc.call(*params)) uri.scheme ||= req.scheme uri.host ||= req.host uri.port ||= req.port unless req.port == 80 headers = { 'Location' => uri.to_s, 'Content-Type' => 'text/html', 'Content-Length' => body.length.to_s } [ status, headers, [body] ] end end

97. Rack App lambda do |env| req = Request.new(env) params = [req.symbolized_path_parameters] params << req if path_proc.arity > 1 uri = URI.parse(path_proc.call(*params)) uri.scheme ||= req.scheme uri.host ||= req.host uri.port ||= req.port unless req.port == 80 headers = { 'Location' => uri.to_s, 'Content-Type' => 'text/html', 'Content-Length' => body.length.to_s } [ status, headers, [body] ] end

98. Rack App lambda do |env| req = Request.new(env) params = [req.symbolized_path_parameters] params << req if path_proc.arity > 1 uri = URI.parse(path_proc.call(*params)) [ status, headers, [body] ] uri.scheme ||= req.scheme uri.host ||= req.host uri.port ||= req.port unless req.port == 80 headers = { 'Location' => uri.to_s, 'Content-Type' => 'text/html', 'Content-Length' => body.length.to_s } [ status, headers, [body] ] end

99. Resources

100. Resources resources :magazines do resources :ads end

101. Member Resources resources :photos do member do get :preview get :print end end

102. One-Oﬀs resources :photos do get :preview, :on => :member end

103. Collections resources :photos do collection do get :search end end

104. Combination scope :module => "admin" do constraints IpBlacklist do resources :posts, :comments end end

105. Recent

106. #mount

107. Rack Endpoint class MountedEndpoint def call(env) head = {"Content-Type" => "text/html"} body = "script: #{env["SCRIPT_NAME"]}" body += "path: #{env["PATH_INFO"]}" [200, head, [body]] end end

108. Mounting class MountedEndpoint def call(env) head = {"Content-Type" => "text/html"} body = "script: #{env["SCRIPT_NAME"]}" body += "path: #{env["PATH_INFO"]}" [200, head, [body]] end end mount "/end", :at => MountedEndpoint.new

109. Mounting class MountedEndpoint def call(env) head = {"Content-Type" => "text/html"} body = "script: #{env["SCRIPT_NAME"]}" body += "path: #{env["PATH_INFO"]}" [200, head, [body]] end end mount "/end", :at => MountedEndpoint.new # "/end/point" => # script: /end # path: /point

110. Sinatra!

111. ActiveRecord

112. New Chainable, Lazy API

113. Chainable Methods ★ select ★ order ★ from ★ limit ★ where ★ offset ★ joins ★ includes ★ having ★ lock ★ group ★ readonly

114. Controller def index @posts = Post. where(:published => true). order("publish_date desc") end

115. Model def index @posts = Post.published end class Post < ActiveRecord::Base scope :published, where(:published => true). order("publish_date desc") end

116. Model class Post < ActiveRecord::Base scope :desc, order("publish_date desc") scope :published, where(:published => true).desc end

117. Controller def index @posts = Post. where("created_at < ?", Time.now). order("publish_date desc") end

118. Controller def index @posts = Post.past end class Post < ActiveRecord::Base scope :desc, order("publish_date desc") def self.past where("created_at < ?", Time.now).desc end end

119. Model class Post < ActiveRecord::Base scope :desc, order("publish_date desc") def self.past where("created_at < ?", Time.now).desc end def self.recent(number) past.limit(5) end end

120. Pagination class PostsController < ApplicationController def index @posts = Posts.page(5, :per_page => 10) end end class Post < ActiveRecord::Base def self.page(number, options) per_page = options[:per_page] offset(per_page * (number - 1)). limit(per_page) end end

121. named_scope with_scope nd(:all)

122. scope

123. ActionMailer

124. Massive API Overhaul

125. Sending Emails def welcome(user) @user = user mail(:to => user.email, :subject => "Welcome man!") end

126. welcome.text.erb welcome.html.erb

127. Layouts layout "rails_dispatch" def welcome(user) @user = user mail(:to => user.email, :subject => "Welcome man!") end

128. rails_dispatch.text.erb rails_dispatch.html.erb

129. Be More Speci c def welcome(user) @user = user mail(:to => user.email, :subject => "Welcome man!") do |format| format.html format.text { render "generic" } end end

130. Defaults default :from => "wycats@gmail.com" def welcome(user) @user = user mail(:to => user.email, :subject => "Welcome man!") do |format| format.html format.text { render "generic" } end end

131. Attachments def welcome(user) @user = user file = Rails.public_path.join("hello.pdf") contents = File.read(file) attachments["welcome.pdf"] = contents mail(:to => user.email, :subject => "Welcome man!") end

132. Interceptors class MyInterceptor def self.delivering_email(mail) original = mail.to mail.to = "wycats@gmail.com" mail.subject = "#{original}: #{mail.subject}" end end

133. Interceptors class MyInterceptor def self.delivering_email(mail) original = mail.to mail.to = "wycats@gmail.com" mail.subject = "#{original}: #{mail.subject}" end end config.action_mailer. register_interceptor(MyInterceptor)

134. Interceptors Delivery Observers

135. delivering_mail deliver delivered_mail

136. Bundler

137. bundle install

138. bundle lock

139. bundle lock

140. .gitignore .dot les

141. Engine Yard Heroku chef

142. Engine Yard Heroku chef capistrano?

143. gembundler.com

144. gembundler.com /rails3.html

145. railsdispatch.com /posts/bundler

146. yehudakatz.com/ 2010/04/12/some-of- the-problems- bundler-solves/

147. yehudakatz.com/ 2010/04/17/ruby- require-order- problems/

148. Choices

149. rspec-rails

150. generators rake tasks controller_example view_example request_example mailer_example

151. Mailer Generator $ script/rails g mailer welcome create app/mailers/welcome.rb invoke erb create app/views/welcome invoke rspec create spec/mailers/welcome_spec.rb

152. dm-rails

153. generators rake tasks append_info_to_payload i18n_scope IdentityMap middleware

154. generate a resource $ rails g resource comment invoke data_mapper create app/models/comment.rb invoke test_unit create test/unit/comment_test.rb create test/fixtures/comments.yml invoke controller create app/controllers/comments_controller.rb invoke erb create app/views/commentses invoke test_unit create test/functional/comments_controller_test.rb invoke helper create app/helpers/commentses_helper.rb invoke test_unit create test/unit/helpers/comments_helper_test.rb route resources :commentses

155. generate a resource $ rails g resource comment invoke data_mapper create app/models/comment.rb invoke rspec create spec/models/comment_spec.rb invoke controller create app/controllers/comments_controller.rb invoke erb create app/views/comments invoke rspec create spec/controllers/comments_controller_spec.rb create spec/views/comments invoke helper create app/helpers/comments_helper.rb invoke rspec route resources :comments

156. rails g $ rails g Rails: controller generator helper integration_test mailer metal migration model observer performance_test plugin resource scaffold scaffold_controller session_migration stylesheets

157. What Else?

158. Ruby 1.9 Encoding

159. Mission

160. You Can Assume UTF-8 Inside of Rails

161. (unless you want to handle encodings yourself)

162. Testing

163. RSpec Driven Eﬀort

164. Rails Testing Support Becomes Modular

165. ActionController Middleware class PostsController use MyMiddleware, :only => :index end

166. Metal becomes AC::Metal

168. i18n Check Out Sven’s Talk Last slot in conference

169. Trimming ActiveSupport Dependencies

170. Thanks!

171. Questions?

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Rails 3: Dashing to the Finish

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