A roadmap towards investing in agriculture, food security and nutrition. Presented at the Agriculture Nutrition Linkages Seminar in Dhaka, Bangladesh on the 18th of April, 2012.

1. Naser Farid
Director General, FPMU, MoFDM
Presented at the Seminar on Agriculture – Nutrition Linkages
Hosted by World Fish Centre on behalf of CGIAR
18 April 2012

2.  Poverty, Nutrition and Food consumption
 Key Considerations - Policy Framework
 Prioritizing and Financing

3. Where is poverty declining ?
 Upper and hardcore (lower) poverty declined nation wide
 Poverty declined more in urban areas than in rural areas
 Hardcore poverty reduced by almost ½ in urban and ¼ in rural areas
Poverty, especially hardcore poverty is concentrating on rural areas:
development interventions should be distributed accordingly
Source: BBS, HIES 2010

5. Quintile H/A % < - 2SD W/H % < - 2 SD W/A % < - 2SD
STUNTING WASTING UNDERWEIGHT
Lowest 53.7 17.5 50.3
Second 45.4 16.2 41.6
Middle 40.7 17.7 36.0
Fourth 35.9 13.6 27.5
Highest 25.7 12.1 20.9

6. 0.50
Weight for age Z-score (NCHS)
0.25
Latin America and Caribbean
0.00
Africa
-0.25 Asia
-0.50
-0.75
-1.00
-1.25
-1.50
-1.75
-2.00
0 3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24 27 30 33 36 39 42 45 48 51 54 57 60
Age (m onths)
Repositioning Nutrition, 2006

8. Source/Ye Energy Cereal (g) Rice (g)
ar intake En % En %
(kcal)
452 440
HIES 2005 2238
70% 68%
442 416
HIES 2010 2318
66% 64%

10. Key considerations – Policy framework
 Bangladesh is an exemplary case of a consistent
and long term effort to put in place a
comprehensive framework for food and
nutrition security policies and
investments in line with the Paris Declaration
on aid effectiveness and Rome Principles on
sustainable food security
• Building on the existing policy framework and
institutional setting to guide CIP formulation,
implementation and monitoring in a coherent
and sustainable manner

11. The Policy Framework: the National Food Policy
Bangladesh has been an early adopter of the comprehensive
approach to food security through the formulation of the
National Food Policy
A comprehensive framework for
food security interventions
encompassing
• Availability: Adequate and
stable supply of safe and
nutritious food
• Access: Increased purchasing
power and access to food by the
poor through safety nets
• Nutrition: for all individuals,
especially women and children
Approved in August 2006 as result of a policy process started in 1999
at the Development Forum in Paris after the 1998 flood

12. The Policy Framework: the Policy Plan of
Action (2008-2015)
Elaborated through a widely
consultative process, approved in
2008 and launched in 2009
consists of:
26 areas of intervention
and 314 actions providing
a comprehensive,
long-term (2008-2015)
framework for:
 Coordinating government interventions on food security:
policies and investments
 Aligning development support to national priorities in line
with Paris Declaration on Aid Effectiveness
 Regularly monitoring progress toward food security in line
with MDG1
 Identifying needs for investments

13. The Country Investment Plan
 Responding to L’Aquila Initiative and in
line with the 5 Rome Principles, the CIP was
Approved on 14 June 2010 following the
Bangladesh Food Security Forum; updated
20 March 2011.
 Translates the policy frameworks in a
comprehensive set of 12 priority
investment programmes and aims at
• convergence and alignment of
domestic and external funding
• mobilizing additional resources:
Bangladesh qualified as first Asian
country receiving a grant under the
Global FSF for US $ 52.5 million
The revised CIP, based on extensive consultation, incorporates over 400
projects of which 146 ongoing (for US$ 3.036 billion) and 262 in
pipeline (for US$ 4.945 billion of which US$ 3.299 billion are priority).

14.  CIP = Government’s investment plan for Food
Security, Agril and Nutition-a living document
 One umbrella for the key investment
requirements to develop agriculture, and
improve food and nutrition security
 Prioritize, harmonize, and build on existing
documents: NFP-PoA, sector programmes
Sixth 5-Yr plan, ADP, MTBF, PRSP-II

15.  Integrate and coordinate actions for food
security and nutrition
 Harmonize development partner (DP)
activities with the CIP
 Mobilize more financial resources from:
◦ Government budget resources
◦ Private investment
◦ international sources

16. Funds
Component Programme (financing gaps are in million $) required
priorit
total
y
1. Sustainable and diversified agriculture through
integrated research and extension 644 470
1. Improved water management and infrastructure
Food for irrigation purposes 892 607
Availability 3. Improved quality of input and soil fertility 232 170
4. Fisheries and aquaculture development 356 212
1. Livestock development, with a focus on poultry
and dairy production 775 440
1. Improved access to market, value addition in
agriculture and non farm incomes 635 368
7. Strengthened capacities for implementation and
Food monitoring of NFP and CIP actions 99 69
Access
8. Enhanced public food management system 293 212
1. Institutional Development and Capacity
Development for more effective safety nets 472 340
1. Community based nutrition programmes and
Food services 347 309
Utilization 11. Orient food and nutrition actions through data 21 13
12. Food safety and quality improvement 180 90
4,94
COUNTRY INVESTMENT FINANCING 3,299
6

17.  Diets are often low in quantity, quality and variety
 (hunger and micro-nutrient deficiencies)
 Increased production of staple foods is not sufficient
 Need to ensure local availability and access of the right mix of
foods in all seasons
 The food and agriculture sector is responsible for food and nutrition
security
 GoB considers agriculture, food security and nutrition as
major priorities
 Consumers must be informed through mainstreaming BCC
 Collaboration must be established with: (a) social protection
programmes to support the poorest and (b) with health, agriculture,
food & multi sectors/programmes

18. Programme 10. Community based nutrition programmes and
services
 OP 17 - National Nutrition Services (NNS): 233 M USD
•OP 3 - Community Based Health Care (CIP costing includes 16,5% of its
cost, i.e 52.9 M USD): including services such as de-worming, provision of
vitamin A capsule, iron-folic tablets, …
•OP 7 -Non-Communicable Diseases Control (12.8%, 9.46 M USD) : such as
diabetes, heart diseases … related to food consumption and nutrition.
•OP18 - Maternal, Reproductive and Adolescent health (16.9 %, 21.76 M
USD): essential service packages
•OP23 - Information, Education and Communication – IEC (19.4%, 3.35 M
USD): health and nutrition & family planning.
Programme 11: Orient food and nutrition actions through data
•OP 13 - Planning, Monitoring and Research (DGHS)

19.  Expected outcome : Community nutrition
improvement is supported by strengthened National
Nutrition Services (NNS)
Proposed focus & priority interventions : CBNP linked to NNS
that deliver a package of basic health and nutrition
services/activities including micronutrient supplementation,
BCC, antenatal care
 Support community based efforts of HG, horticulture, small
livestock, fisheries and BCC for improved nutrition
 Link long-term with immediate treatment of acute
malnutrition in particular through therapeutic and
supplementary feeding and BCC focus on maternal and young
child nutrition
 Additional considerations: Multi sectoral collaboration,
synergies with SUN framework, REACH, Project Laser Beam
and MDG –F programme

20.  Expected outcome: Effective information supports
planning, monitoring and evaluation of food security
policies and interventions
Proposed focus and priority interventions
 Comprehensive national nutrition survey including food
consumption and update food composition tables to inform
policy and programmes
 Dietary diversification and supplementation needs and
develop advocacy, awareness and educational materials to
facilitate BCC
 Strengthen national capacities in survey techniques and
analysis and facilitate evidence based decisions for policy
 Additional considerations: MoHFW – Lead ministry with strong
multi sectoral collaboration and coordination (MoA, MoFDM,
MoF&LS, MoSc& CT)

21. Where Type of Impact on Nutrition? WHY DID IT WORK?
activity
Nepal, Cambodia, Homestead • Total of 3-4 times greater diversity
Bangladesh, Food of food produced in intervention
Philippines Production areas
• Decrease in Child Anemia from
63.9% to 45.2% in Bangladesh
• Decrease in anemia among non-
pregnant mothers by 26% in Nepal
and 12% in Bangladesh
Common Elements:
Tanzania, Thailand Home Gardens • Intake of Vitamin A rich foods 50% •Strong nutrition education
greater in intervention areas component
(Tanzania) •Women Centered Approach
• Serum retinol levels increased from
school girls in intervention area Other Factors (not across all
(Thailand) programs):
•Training on agricultural techniques
Philippines Home Gardens • Increase by 12% in amount of
•Small animal husbandry included
Vitamin A rich foods consumed
• Stunting decreased from 50% to 40% (with access to veterinary care)
•Inclusion of activities focused on
food storage and preparation
Taiwan School Garden • Garden produced 58% of daily
Vitamin A requirement and 285% of
Vitamin C requirement for 10 year
old child
Vietnam Community • Reduced prevalence f children with
Garden Vitamin A deficiency from 14% to
10%.
[1]
Brun et al. 1991 from “From Agriculture to Nutrition”
[2]
Asian Vegetable Research and Development Centre (AVRDC) program
[3]
Hop, Le Thi. Programs to Improve Production and Consumption of Animal Source Foods and Malnutrition in Vietnam

23. Cost and financing requirement
Total ongoing investments:
US$ 2.8 billions
GOB contribution: 43%
DPs’ contribution: 57%
Total gap:
US$ 5.0 billions
Food Availability: US$ 2.8 billions
Food Access: US$ 1.5 billions
Food Utilization: US$ 0.7 billion

24. Prioritization of financing
Gap after
Total Gap Prioritization

25. Contribution to CIP financing
Total Cost CIP: US 7.8
bn
Possible contributions:
• budget through increased
GOB’s ADP
• DPs possible:
0.88 US$ billion
and MORE...

26. Way Forward
Successful implementation of the CIP
requires
- A concerted effort by GOB and DPs in
mainstreaming CIP into their respective
• Planning process
• Resource allocation
- Committment by all partners to reinforce
and make operational the existing
institutional setting for the CIP
implementation and monitoring:
active engagement is needed from Government
Agencies and Development Partners in close
consultation with CSO/NGO and private sector
- An additional effort in resource