A training module to introduce College Lecturers and School Teachers to the subject of Climate Education and Live Projects that they can do in their institution and elsewhere

1. Common Waste Types
Solid Waste::
Old tires, Plastic Covers,
Bottles, Boxes,
newspapers, broken
furniture and even food
waste(include any waste)
Liquid Waste:
Waste Generated
After Cleaning
Floors & Toilets,
Rain Water Run
Off
Organic :. Food Waste, Fruit and Vegetable
Peels, Flowers and Animal Waste
(Biodegradable Broken Down by Organisms
Over Time and Turned Into Manure
Recyclable Type:
Aluminium Foil,
Plastics, Glass ,Paper
Products Cardboard
boxes etc
Hazardous Type:
Cleaning Agents,
Acids, DDT, Phenyls

3. 1% Population Working on Waste

4. Tough Works: Collection and Disposal

5. Public Opinion in India

6. Public Opinion in India

7. CATEGORIES OF WASTE DISPOSAL
1. DILUTE AND
DISPERSE
(ATTENUATION)
Throw it in the river /
lake / sea
Burn it
Spreading Trash Thinly over Large Area to
Minimize Impact
Works for Sewage, Some Waste Chemicals,
When Land-disposal is Not Available

8. Leaf Litter: Compostable
• Every campus
has leaf litter
which can be
composted into
green manure.
• We just burn it

9. 2. CONCENTRATE
AND CONTAIN
(ISOLATION)
Waste dumps,
landfills
Mostly Solid Waste is Handled Like This

10. Solid Waste in Urban India

12. WHY WASTE MANAGEMENT?
• Big Waste Generators
• Motivation for ‘hands-on’ work.
• Builds well-educated Consumers and
Recyclers by BCC

13. Waste Classification
Material not needed by owner,
producer or processor: Garbage
Classification
• Domestic Waste
• Pooja Waste
• E-Waste
• Construction Waste
• Agricultural Waste
• Food Waste
• Medical Waste

14. 15
Total Population : 3.52 Crs
Urban Population : 1.37 Crs
% of Urban Population : 38.5
No of Urban Local Bodies- 68

15. Urbanization Trends in Telangana
• Urbanization level Higher than country’s average
• Hyderabad: 100 percent urbanized district-
• Greater Hyderabad Municipal Corporation accounts to more than 60% of State urban
Population

16. 91.32 % of urban HHs have access to toilets as compared to
national figure of 81.4%
Open Defecation is 8.68 % of HHs in urban areas lesser than the
national average.
Adilabad 25.87% has highest percentage followed by
Mahbubnagar with 19.37% and the least is Hyderabad with 0.90%
51.54% of Telangana urban population are connected to Piped
Sewerage networks(Under Ground Drainage)
Inadequate Community and Public toilets
Most of them have septic tanks and soak pits .Only 2 cities have
existing Underground Drainage facility. UGD facility 4 towns are
under implementation
No septage or fecal sludge management facilities exist
Sanitation Scenario- Telangana

17. Resident
ial
70%
Commer
cial
25%
Street
Sweepin
gs
5%
SourcesParticulars 2014
Total waste generated (tons/day)
in Telangana cities including
GHMC
6287 MT
Per capita waste generated
(kg/day)
0.3-0.6kg
Collection efficiency % 90%
Door to door collection % 80%
Source segregation % 20%
Composting - Aerobic / Vermi 65%
Scientific disposal 60%
Expenditure per tonne on SWM
Rs 500-1500
SWM Scenario Telangana

18. Swachh Telangana- Swachh Bharat Mission
Vision
“All cities and towns in Telangana become totally clean, sanitized,
healthy, livable, ensuring and sustaining good public health and
environmental outcomes for all citizens, with a special focus on hygienic
and affordable sanitation for the urban poor and women”.
Objectives
 Providing sanitation and household toilet facilities for urban households of all
statutory towns in the state.
 To bring about Behavioral change by promoting cleanliness, hygiene and to
eliminate open defecation
 Effective operation and maintenance of public & community toilets on
sustainable basis
 To create an enabling environment for private sector participation for
community public toilets & SWM
 Improved service delivery of Solid Waste Management services nd resource
recovery in compliance to MSW Rules (M&H) 2000
19

19. TERI Projections on Waste Generation In India

20. Snap shots
21

21. Snap shots- Swachh Telangana Varvosatvam
22

22. Involving in Waste Management – Activity
based programme

23. Start with activities focusing on
Can be
incorporated in
any subjects like
social science or
after assembly
exercise
Can be
incorporated as a
project in physics
and biology
1

24. Reduce : Waste Quantities
Activity 1
Assessing Waste Quantity / Waste Audit:
Identify type of waste generated
Identify waste reduction opportunities
Waste Audit:
Walking through: Ground, common areas and assess
waste generation practices. Assessment of dust bins status
and placement.
Mapping Waste Locations: Areas of waste and activities
which produce waste.
Categorise Waste : Recyclable and Non Recyclable
Waste and their Quantities

25. Reduce : Waste Quantities
.
Assessing Dirty Areas:
Monitoring Overflowing Dust Bins:
Assessing Cleaning Timings:
Assessing Clean Areas:

26. Reuse : Waste Usage Before Disposal
Best out of Waste :
• Dustbin Making with Used Material
• Reusing Old Tyres for Sitting, Swings,
Planting Indoor Plants
• Source Segregation of waste
• Keeping Bin Areas Clean and Hygienic

27. Reuse: Some Creative Projects
Old tyres can be reused
as pots and hang around
in school.
Bottle Base for
Nursery Growth
Used Water Bottles Holed and
Inserted with Cloth for Creating Drip
Irrigation of Potted Plants

28. Reuse : Use Waste Before Disposal
Waste Swap : Share unused food, books, toys,
sports items, unused CDs, electronic items,
medicines amongst underprivileged who cannot
afford
 Create and designate “ Zero Waste Corners”
where people can freely deposit and collect
unused items for their personal use.
Organise waste swap campaign wherein unused
items can be collected from community and
donated to underprivileged or nursing homes

29. Reuse : Reduce Waste
Recycle & Reuse Mela : Participate in Reuse and
Recycle of Products .
Swap products with one another on site
Exchange or give for no profit reuse
Design collected material to useful items & sell for
profit
Exhibit innovative arts and crafts, poster
presentation, painting exhibition

31.  Recycle: Save Environment
Field trip.
Visit Local Waste Dump Site/ Yard, Recycling Center, or
Composting Facility
Learn as to what is happening to waste
Learn about lifecycle of waste and its impact on the
environment.
Post the field visit share experiences
Interaction with Expert or Field Functionary:
On waste, pollution prevention or recycling.
Find out local public health official on waste management
strategy adopted

32. Recycle: Save Energy
Start a compost or worm bin
• Composting helps us learn hands on: ecosystems,
habitats, food webs and biodegradation.
• Students experience how worms and other
decomposers recycle fruits and vegetable scraps
into compost. Compost can be used in garden!
• Let green team students monitor waste
segregation and the waste collection at
lunchtime, take food waste to compost, and
decide on how and where compost will be used.

33. Life Cycle Assessment
• Life cycle assessment
(LCA) is a methodology
for assessing potential
environmental impacts
of a product or service
across its entire life
cycle, or cradle to grave
It’s

34. Life Cycle Assessment

35. Advantages:
• An ‘eye opener’,
providing an insight into
systems and their
alternatives
• Can confirm expected
environmental impacts
and reveal completely
unexpected impact
Life Cycle Assessment

36. Food Waste Management Hierarchy
37
•
Reduce
over
consumption
Human
consumption
Animal feed
Anaerobic digestion
Composting
Mechanical biological treatment
(combined with landfill/incineration)
Sanitary landfill equipped with methane collection
Reduce overall environmental
impact
Main Benefits Notes
Direct nutrient
recovery
Direct nutrient recovery
Energy and indirect
nutrient recovery
Indirect nutrient
recovery
Reduce impact
from landfill/
incineration
Reduce
methane
emission
High quality leftover food
Medium quality leftover food
Low quality food waste,
high investment capacity
Low-medium quality
food waste
Unsorted waste
Unsorted
waste, high
investment
capacityLess preferable
Most preferable
Reuse
Recycle
Recovery
Reduce

37. WASTE FROM RITUALS

38. Types of Waste in Rituals
• Waste Flowers
• Waste Coconuts
• Waste Clothes
• Waste Glass Material Photo frames
• Waste Food
• Pinda Pradhanam Waste
• Spilled Oil

39. Waste Management in Temples
• Composting of organic waste including flowers
and other offerings from Kashi Vishwanath
Temple by Banaras Hindu University
• Shani Singnapur Temple Recycling Oil
• Shirdi Sai Temple Composting Flower Waste

40. Caring for
Environment
Beyond Campus

41. IIM Bangalore: Getting Waste Wise
• "When I took charge as Dean Administration, I emphasized on re-
building of toilets all over campus.
• So, at an individual level, take oath today to keep campus clean and
green“. Adopted a mile and cleaned it near IIMB campus.
• Food wastage reduction plan: we collect leftover food and distribute
to 70 children at Child Fund Association and food waste has reduced
drastically from 800 to 400 kilos.

42. • Segregation of waste is another
battle which we will win soon with
help of Saahas.
• We will continue 'Clean Drive'
campaign; plant more trees under
'Go Green' campaign, set-up e-waste
dustbins and segregate waste at
source, which is a grave concern in
our campus".
• 99% segregation should happen at
source and we have to point out
ways to accomplish this. Reduction
of non-biodegradable plastic sups,
we would not entertain plastics at
any food outlet in campus."
IIM Bangalore: Getting Waste Wise

43. • Monitor each corridor/block
and ensure waste
segregation is happening at
source.
• Each one takes up
responsibility is when we
can achieve target of zero-
waste campus.
• Wet waste and dry leaves
will be pulverized and
converted to organic
waste/manures.
IIM Bangalore: Getting Waste Wise

44. • "By organizing institutional events or
competitions, we can make e-waste
collection fun. It can be exchanged for
gifts and coupons in real time. Collected
e-waste is recycled through authorized
recyclers".
• "e-waste disposal bins for each hostel
and residential area; weekly / fortnightly
collection, depending on amount
generated; based on monthly collection
data, one hostel would be declared a
winner; annual winner shall be awarded,
Individually, largest monthly contributor
shall also be given gifts / coupons".
• IIMB uses 75 lakh pages per year, for
which 50 trees are cut every year. So, use
soft copies/links to resources and
encourage e-submissions. "
IIM Bangalore: Getting Waste Wise

45. IIMB at present can manage 60% of waste but with new
waste segregation plant, IIMB can manage 70-80% of waste.

46. Facts from The Story of Stuff
• In the past three
decades, one-third of
the planet’s natural
resources base have
been consumed
• We have very of less
than 4% of our original
forests left

47. WATER NOT DRINKABLE: Forty percent of waterways in
the US have become undrinkable
WE CONSUME MORE: The U.S. has 5% of the world’s
population but consumes 30% of the world’s resources
and creates 30% of the world’s wastes
RATE OF CONSUMPTION MORE: If everybody consumed
at U.S. rates, we would need 3 to 5 planets.
CHEMICALS MORE: There are over 100,000 synthetic
chemicals in commerce today
CUMULATIVE IMPACT NOT KNOWN: Only a handful of
synthetic chemicals have even been tested for human
health impacts and NONE have been tested for
synergistic health impacts
TOXICS RELEASED: In the U.S., industry admits to
releasing over 4 billion pounds of toxic chemicals a
year
EXCESS CONSUMPTION: The average U.S. person now
consumes twice as much as they did 50 years ago.
Facts from The Story of Stuff

48. MORE ADVERTISEMENTS: We each see more
advertisements in one year than a people 50 years ago
saw in a lifetime.
LOW NATIONAL HAPPINESS: In the U.S. our national
happiness peaked sometime in the 1950s.
MORE HOURS IN SHOPPING: In the U.S., we spend 3–4
times as many hours shopping as our counterparts in
Europe do.
HOUSE SIZE DOUBLED: Average U.S. house size has
doubled since the 1970s.
MORE GARBAGE PERDAY: Each person in the United
States makes 4 1/2 pounds of garbage a day. That is
twice what we each made thirty years ago.
EXCESS PRE PRODUCT INPUT WASTE: For every one
garbage can of waste you put out on the curb, 70
garbage cans of waste were made upstream to make
the junk in that one garbage can you put out on the
curb.
Facts from The Story of Stuff

49. • In the past three
decades, one-third of the
planet’s resources, its
‘natural wealth,’ has been
consumed.”
• “Ninety five to ninety
eight percent of forests
in the continental United
States have been logged
at least once since
settlement by Europeans.”
• “1 to 2 percent of original
forests in the U.S. remain
undisturbed.”
Facts from The Story of Stuff

50. “Today, 40 percent of our
nation’s rivers are unfishable,
unswimmable, or Undrinkable”
“The U.S. produced
approximately 33% of the
world’s waste with 4.6% of the
world’s population”
“In 2005, U.S. residents,
businesses, and institutions
produced more than 245
million tons of MSW, which is
approximately 4.5 pounds of
waste per person per day.”
Facts from The Story of Stuff

51. “Of the more than 80,000 chemicals in
commerce, only a small percentage of
them have ever been screened for
even one potential health effect, such
as cancer, reproductive toxicity,
developmental toxicity, or impacts on
the immune system.
Among the approximately 15,000
tested, few have been studied enough
to correctly estimate potential risks
from exposure. Even when testing is
done, each chemical is tested
individually rather than in the
combinations that one is exposed to in
the real world.
In reality, no one is ever exposed to a
single chemical, but to a chemical soup,
the ingredients of which may interact to
cause unpredictable health effects.”
Facts from The Story of Stuff

52. “For Reporting Year 2005, 23,461
facilities reported to EPA’s TRI
Program. These facilities reported
4.34 billion pounds of on-site and
off-site disposal or other releases of
the almost 650 toxic chemicals.”
“Each of us sees more ads alone in
one year than people of 50 years
ago saw in an entire lifetime.”
The average American saw 560 daily
advertising messages in 1971 and by
1997 that number had increased to
over 3,000 per day

53. Sanitation is Important than Independence
Mahatma Gandhi
54