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Perception of Thai Tourists
           towards
Environmental Negative Impacts


Case Study : Amphawa Floating Market
Area
in Samut Songkram Province
Introduction
Statement of problem
      The accessibility of tourism into the area causes the
negative impacts on social and environment in the area so
much as follows: the congestion of tourists within the living area
of local people, the congestion of motorboat, the pollutions
include the air, water, sound and smell, the natural area impacts
and the littering impacts. Moreover, there was some issue
about the decrease of numbers of Lamphu trees and fireflies
on the news since 2005. Therefore, this area is very interesting
for launching our survey.
      We would like to launch our survey because we would like
to study about “Perception of Thai Tourists towards
Environmental Negative Impacts in Amphawa Floating Market
area”. Our research will focus on studying of degree of
environmental impacts in the perception of tourists.
Research Objectives
   To study about Perception of Thai Tourists towards
    Environmental Negative Impacts in Pollution in Amphawa
    Floating Market.
   To study about Perception of Thai Tourists towards
    Environmental Negative Impacts in Visual impacts in Amphawa
    Floating Market.
   To study about Perception of Thai Tourists towards
    Environmental Negative Impacts in Environmental congestions
    in Amphawa Floating Market.
   To study about Perception of Thai Tourists towards
    Environmental Negative Impacts in Natural areas surrounding
    the floating market in Amphawa Floating Market.
   To analyze about the environmental impacts from tourism in
    Amphawa Floating Market Area.
   To find the ways to improve and develop the environment of
    Amphawa floating market area.
Scope of Research
 Population : Thai tourists
 Sample : 100 tourists
 Area:
Definition of Terms
     Environment according to
www.thefreedictionary.com means the
circumstances or conditions that surround one.
The combinations of external conditions affect and
influence the growth, development, and survival of
organisms. Therefore, a scope of our research will
cover everything surrounding tourists in the
following aspects: pollutions, visual impacts,
congestions and natural areas surrounding the
floating market.
Benefits from Research
    The benefit of our research is our hope that this
research will be a useful resource for other
researchers who are looking forward to study about
the negative environmental impacts in Amphawa
Floating Market area and for some organizations or
governmental organizations who are looking
forward to improve the environment within the
area.
Research
Methodology
Variables
    Internal               &          External Factors
(Demographic)            (Environmental negative
  impacts)


* Gender                            * Pollution
* Age                               * Visual Impacts
* Education                         * Environmental
   congestion
* Occupation                        * Natural areas
   surrounding
* Current resident                   the floating market
* Fluency of visiting
                        Influence
Research Tool
 Questionnaire : 100 for Thai tourists
 5 Likert scale about perception as following scales:
      5 = Very high
      4= Rather high
      3= Medium
      2= Rather low
      1= Very low
Collecting Data
    We went to do a survey at Amphawa Floating
Market on Sep 17, 2011. We started to survey
from 1.00 – 4.00 p.m. then we collected 100
questionnaires.
Results
Part 1General information
(Demographic)
 Table 1 Demographic of Thai Tourists
      Demographic              Number   Result
               Male              44      44%
    Gender
               Female            56      56%
               Less than 20      19      19%
               20-30 years       44      44%
     Age       31-40 years       26      26%
               41-50 years       6       6%
               51 or above       5       5%
               Lower than        27      27%
               Bachelor
               Degree
               Bachelor          56      56%
   Education   Degree
               Master Degree     16      16%
               Doctoral          1       1%
Part 1General information
(Demographic)
  Continue Table 1
      Demographic                Number   Result
               Student             34      34%
               Government          12      12%
               Officer
  Occupation   Employee in         36      36%
               private company
               Business owner      5       5%
               Other               9       9%
               Samut               8       8%
               Songkham
               province
               Samut Sakorn        1       1%
               province
   Resident    Rachaburi           4       4%
               province
               Phetburi            1       1%
Part 1General information
(Demographic)
  Continue Table 1
       Demographic             Number    Result
                First time       32       32%
                Once a week      8        8%
   Fluency of   2-3 times a      7        7%
     visiting   week
                Once a month     15       15%
                Other            38       38%
From Table 1 above
       Most Thai tourists were female, aging between
20-30 years old, holding bachelor degree, working as
private employee, residing in Bangkok and visiting
depends on various occasions.
Part 2 the environmental negative
impacts
 Table 2 Finding of negative impacts in term of
   pollution
                              Degree of severity
           Negative         5    4     3     2   1
 Impact
Pollution
1.      Number of Garbage
Water                          7%   14%33% 37%   9%
        Oil in the canal               40%
                                3% 16%     35%   6%
2. Air   Smoke from                    42%
         motorboats             5% 25%     24%   4%
         Emission from toxic           35%
         gas into the air       8% 27%     28%   2%
3.       Motorboat sound               40%
Sound                          17% 31%     16%   5%
4.    Smell of water in the         7% 30%
Part 2 the environmental negative
impacts
 Table 3 Finding of negative impacts in term of visual
   impacts
                                              Degree of
            Negative               severity
 Impact                             5    4     3    2     1
Visual Impacts
1 Degradation of the buildings     2%   17%   40%   32% 9%
2 Dirtiness of shops               3%   15%   38%   36% 8%
3 Dirtiness of the restaurants          21%   40%   33% 6%
4 Dirtiness of the toilets         3%   22%   43%   26% 6%
5 Amount of garbage on the         4%   17%   32%   27% 10%
sidewalk / pavement
6. Garbage dump / trash is         5%   20%   33%   33%   9%
disorderly
7. Building is incompatible with   4%   19%   34%   35%   8%
area
Part 2 the environmental negative
impacts
Table 4 Finding of negative impacts in term of environmental
  congestion
                                              Degree of
            Negative             severity
 Impact                           5    4        3      2       1
Environmental Congestion
1 Congestion of boats in the      8%    27%    42%    17%      6%
canal
2 Congestion of number of        22% 36%       31%    9%       2%
tourists
3. Congestion of shops and       16% 34%       38%    11%      1%
sellers
4.Congestion of restaurants      16% 29%       39%    15%      1%
5. Congestion of traffic         23% 35%       32%     9%      1%
Part 2 the environmental negative
impacts
  Table 5 Finding of negative impacts in term of
  Natural areas surrounding the floating market

                                            Degree of
           Negative              severity
 Impact                           5    4     3     2    1
Natural areas surrounding
the floating market
   Erosion of soil along the     7%   31%   39%   21%   2%
canal
2 Reduction of the forest area   15% 34%    35%   14%   2%
around the
 floating market
3 Reduction of Lamphu trees or   15% 40%    26%   13%   6%
Sonneratia caseolaris
4.Reduction of fireflies         22% 39%    21%   14%   4%
Tourist’s recommendations
    Questions
 Do you think which environmental negative
  impact should be solved the most?
 Do you have any suggestions or plans to deal
  with that negative impact and which organization
  should take part of this plan the most?
Description: We have to work
together in order to make a canal become
a cleaner one.
Description: There is too much
garbage which destroys a good
scenery and environment of the area.
Description: The government organizations should
take part in the area in order to educate and build
the awareness for local community then the local
community can work together to manage the area.
Description: The congestion
and toilet problems should be
solved.
Description: According to, the increase
of tourists which generates income to the
area a lot so, this income should be used for
revival and conservation the area more than
using for build new infrastructure.
Description: The congestion within the
area should be managed more than its
current management.
Description: The congestion of
restaurants should be solved.
Description: The utensils should be
something that can reuse because the most of the
current utensils are made from plastic which leads
more garbage within the area.
Description: The natural areas surrounding
the floating market should be solved and revived the
most in order to sustain the natural resources.
Everyone who involved of the management and
conservation within the area should launch the
project immediately.
Description: Lumphu trees and fireflies
problems should be taken care more than its current
this.
Funny recommendation : Decrease
corruption
Conclusion and
Recommendati
      on
Summary of Research
 Results
      Most of the finding of the severity’s degree about
Perception of Thai Tourists towards Environmental Negative
Impacts in Amphawa Floating Market areas is medium.
      However, from the findings we can split out some items
that should be improved in order to revive and conserve the
environment within and surrounding Amphawa Floating
Market. There are congestions of numbers of tourists within the
floating market, congestion of traffic, reduction of Lumphu trees
and reduction of fireflies because most of tourist received
severity’s degree of these environmental negative impacts is
rather high.
Discussion
     According to, we all have been to Amphawa Floating Market
so; we received and experienced environment of the area. We
think that there are many environmental negative impacts that
should be improved immediately which are dirtiness of toilets,
too many garbage problem , congestion of numbers of tourists
and plastic utensil problems because we all received these
problems in very high level of severity. From our survey,
perception of tourists relates to their past experiences about the
destination (in this case is Amphawa Floating Market). In this
research, we can indicate about the past experience tourists by
using the fluency of visiting from our questionnaire. This relates
to the perception theory of Psychologist Richard Gregory.
Discussion
      Richard Gregory argued that “ In order to receive
information from the environment we are equipped with sense
organs e.g. eye, ear, nose.

     For Gregory, perception involves making inferences
about what we see and trying to make a best guess. Prior
knowledge and past experience are crucial in perception.
Conclusion and
Recommendation
      According to we found that most of the severity’s degree
of the tourists was medium so, we would like to recommend
for some private organization or governmental organization
who involves in managing the areas should spend more effort
in order to take care of the areas and improve and conserve
the natural and physical environment.
      Finally, it’s our hope that this study will be very useful
resource for another researcher who would like to study or
survey about the environmental negative impacts within the
area. Moreover, this research will give the ideas for some
organizations who would like to improve or develop this
floating market because they will know how can they plan a
management plan.
Reference
http://www.nistep.go.jp/achiev/ftx/eng/mat077e/html/mat077be.h
   tml

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Carrying capacity of perception

  • 1. Perception of Thai Tourists towards Environmental Negative Impacts Case Study : Amphawa Floating Market Area in Samut Songkram Province
  • 3. Statement of problem The accessibility of tourism into the area causes the negative impacts on social and environment in the area so much as follows: the congestion of tourists within the living area of local people, the congestion of motorboat, the pollutions include the air, water, sound and smell, the natural area impacts and the littering impacts. Moreover, there was some issue about the decrease of numbers of Lamphu trees and fireflies on the news since 2005. Therefore, this area is very interesting for launching our survey. We would like to launch our survey because we would like to study about “Perception of Thai Tourists towards Environmental Negative Impacts in Amphawa Floating Market area”. Our research will focus on studying of degree of environmental impacts in the perception of tourists.
  • 4. Research Objectives  To study about Perception of Thai Tourists towards Environmental Negative Impacts in Pollution in Amphawa Floating Market.  To study about Perception of Thai Tourists towards Environmental Negative Impacts in Visual impacts in Amphawa Floating Market.  To study about Perception of Thai Tourists towards Environmental Negative Impacts in Environmental congestions in Amphawa Floating Market.  To study about Perception of Thai Tourists towards Environmental Negative Impacts in Natural areas surrounding the floating market in Amphawa Floating Market.  To analyze about the environmental impacts from tourism in Amphawa Floating Market Area.  To find the ways to improve and develop the environment of Amphawa floating market area.
  • 5. Scope of Research  Population : Thai tourists  Sample : 100 tourists  Area:
  • 6. Definition of Terms Environment according to www.thefreedictionary.com means the circumstances or conditions that surround one. The combinations of external conditions affect and influence the growth, development, and survival of organisms. Therefore, a scope of our research will cover everything surrounding tourists in the following aspects: pollutions, visual impacts, congestions and natural areas surrounding the floating market.
  • 7. Benefits from Research The benefit of our research is our hope that this research will be a useful resource for other researchers who are looking forward to study about the negative environmental impacts in Amphawa Floating Market area and for some organizations or governmental organizations who are looking forward to improve the environment within the area.
  • 9. Variables Internal & External Factors (Demographic) (Environmental negative impacts) * Gender * Pollution * Age * Visual Impacts * Education * Environmental congestion * Occupation * Natural areas surrounding * Current resident the floating market * Fluency of visiting Influence
  • 10. Research Tool  Questionnaire : 100 for Thai tourists  5 Likert scale about perception as following scales: 5 = Very high 4= Rather high 3= Medium 2= Rather low 1= Very low
  • 11. Collecting Data We went to do a survey at Amphawa Floating Market on Sep 17, 2011. We started to survey from 1.00 – 4.00 p.m. then we collected 100 questionnaires.
  • 13. Part 1General information (Demographic) Table 1 Demographic of Thai Tourists Demographic Number Result Male 44 44% Gender Female 56 56% Less than 20 19 19% 20-30 years 44 44% Age 31-40 years 26 26% 41-50 years 6 6% 51 or above 5 5% Lower than 27 27% Bachelor Degree Bachelor 56 56% Education Degree Master Degree 16 16% Doctoral 1 1%
  • 14. Part 1General information (Demographic) Continue Table 1 Demographic Number Result Student 34 34% Government 12 12% Officer Occupation Employee in 36 36% private company Business owner 5 5% Other 9 9% Samut 8 8% Songkham province Samut Sakorn 1 1% province Resident Rachaburi 4 4% province Phetburi 1 1%
  • 15. Part 1General information (Demographic) Continue Table 1 Demographic Number Result First time 32 32% Once a week 8 8% Fluency of 2-3 times a 7 7% visiting week Once a month 15 15% Other 38 38% From Table 1 above Most Thai tourists were female, aging between 20-30 years old, holding bachelor degree, working as private employee, residing in Bangkok and visiting depends on various occasions.
  • 16. Part 2 the environmental negative impacts Table 2 Finding of negative impacts in term of pollution Degree of severity Negative 5 4 3 2 1 Impact Pollution 1. Number of Garbage Water 7% 14%33% 37% 9% Oil in the canal 40% 3% 16% 35% 6% 2. Air Smoke from 42% motorboats 5% 25% 24% 4% Emission from toxic 35% gas into the air 8% 27% 28% 2% 3. Motorboat sound 40% Sound 17% 31% 16% 5% 4. Smell of water in the 7% 30%
  • 17. Part 2 the environmental negative impacts Table 3 Finding of negative impacts in term of visual impacts Degree of Negative severity Impact 5 4 3 2 1 Visual Impacts 1 Degradation of the buildings 2% 17% 40% 32% 9% 2 Dirtiness of shops 3% 15% 38% 36% 8% 3 Dirtiness of the restaurants 21% 40% 33% 6% 4 Dirtiness of the toilets 3% 22% 43% 26% 6% 5 Amount of garbage on the 4% 17% 32% 27% 10% sidewalk / pavement 6. Garbage dump / trash is 5% 20% 33% 33% 9% disorderly 7. Building is incompatible with 4% 19% 34% 35% 8% area
  • 18. Part 2 the environmental negative impacts Table 4 Finding of negative impacts in term of environmental congestion Degree of Negative severity Impact 5 4 3 2 1 Environmental Congestion 1 Congestion of boats in the 8% 27% 42% 17% 6% canal 2 Congestion of number of 22% 36% 31% 9% 2% tourists 3. Congestion of shops and 16% 34% 38% 11% 1% sellers 4.Congestion of restaurants 16% 29% 39% 15% 1% 5. Congestion of traffic 23% 35% 32% 9% 1%
  • 19. Part 2 the environmental negative impacts Table 5 Finding of negative impacts in term of Natural areas surrounding the floating market Degree of Negative severity Impact 5 4 3 2 1 Natural areas surrounding the floating market Erosion of soil along the 7% 31% 39% 21% 2% canal 2 Reduction of the forest area 15% 34% 35% 14% 2% around the floating market 3 Reduction of Lamphu trees or 15% 40% 26% 13% 6% Sonneratia caseolaris 4.Reduction of fireflies 22% 39% 21% 14% 4%
  • 20. Tourist’s recommendations Questions  Do you think which environmental negative impact should be solved the most?  Do you have any suggestions or plans to deal with that negative impact and which organization should take part of this plan the most?
  • 21. Description: We have to work together in order to make a canal become a cleaner one.
  • 22. Description: There is too much garbage which destroys a good scenery and environment of the area.
  • 23. Description: The government organizations should take part in the area in order to educate and build the awareness for local community then the local community can work together to manage the area.
  • 24. Description: The congestion and toilet problems should be solved.
  • 25. Description: According to, the increase of tourists which generates income to the area a lot so, this income should be used for revival and conservation the area more than using for build new infrastructure.
  • 26. Description: The congestion within the area should be managed more than its current management.
  • 27. Description: The congestion of restaurants should be solved.
  • 28. Description: The utensils should be something that can reuse because the most of the current utensils are made from plastic which leads more garbage within the area.
  • 29. Description: The natural areas surrounding the floating market should be solved and revived the most in order to sustain the natural resources. Everyone who involved of the management and conservation within the area should launch the project immediately.
  • 30. Description: Lumphu trees and fireflies problems should be taken care more than its current this.
  • 31. Funny recommendation : Decrease corruption
  • 33. Summary of Research Results Most of the finding of the severity’s degree about Perception of Thai Tourists towards Environmental Negative Impacts in Amphawa Floating Market areas is medium. However, from the findings we can split out some items that should be improved in order to revive and conserve the environment within and surrounding Amphawa Floating Market. There are congestions of numbers of tourists within the floating market, congestion of traffic, reduction of Lumphu trees and reduction of fireflies because most of tourist received severity’s degree of these environmental negative impacts is rather high.
  • 34. Discussion According to, we all have been to Amphawa Floating Market so; we received and experienced environment of the area. We think that there are many environmental negative impacts that should be improved immediately which are dirtiness of toilets, too many garbage problem , congestion of numbers of tourists and plastic utensil problems because we all received these problems in very high level of severity. From our survey, perception of tourists relates to their past experiences about the destination (in this case is Amphawa Floating Market). In this research, we can indicate about the past experience tourists by using the fluency of visiting from our questionnaire. This relates to the perception theory of Psychologist Richard Gregory.
  • 35. Discussion Richard Gregory argued that “ In order to receive information from the environment we are equipped with sense organs e.g. eye, ear, nose. For Gregory, perception involves making inferences about what we see and trying to make a best guess. Prior knowledge and past experience are crucial in perception.
  • 36. Conclusion and Recommendation According to we found that most of the severity’s degree of the tourists was medium so, we would like to recommend for some private organization or governmental organization who involves in managing the areas should spend more effort in order to take care of the areas and improve and conserve the natural and physical environment. Finally, it’s our hope that this study will be very useful resource for another researcher who would like to study or survey about the environmental negative impacts within the area. Moreover, this research will give the ideas for some organizations who would like to improve or develop this floating market because they will know how can they plan a management plan.