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Panduan Penyelesaian Ujian Kompetensi Keahlian
TKJ Paket III
Membuat perencanaan sesuai dengan topologi jaringan yang disediakan (Knowledge,Attitude)
(eth1) (eth0) Internet
PC/Laptop Client Server Gateway
Melakukan perhitungan subnetting terhadap ip address yang ditentukkan untuk network
public dan private
Eth1
Network A 192.168.100.0/28
Binary Bit (CIDR) 11111111.11111111.11111111.11110000
Konversi Desimal (Subnet) 255.255.255.240
Jumlah Subnet 2 (pangkat digit 1)
2 ^ 4 = 16 Subnet
Jumlah Host 2 (pangkat digit 0)
(2 ^ 4) - 2 = 16 – 2 = 14 Host
Jumlah Blok Subnet 256 – 240 = 16, 32, 48, 64, 80, 96, 112, 128, 144, 160,
176, 192, 208, 224, 240
Eth0
Network A 192.168.88.0/24
Binary Bit (CIDR) 11111111.11111111.11111111.00000000
Konversi Desimal (Subnet) 255.255.255.0
Jumlah Subnet 2 (pangkat digit 1)
2 ^ 0 = 0 Subnet
Jumlah Host 2 (pangkat digit 0)
(2 ^ 8) - 2 = 256 – 2 = 254 Host
Jumlah Blok Subnet 256 – 0 = 0
192.168.88.0/24192.168.100.0/28
192.168.100.1/28
192.168.100.2/28 (DHCP)
192.168.88.xxx/24
Perakitan dan Instalasi Server (Skill, Attitude)
 Lakukan perakitan komputer dengan mengutamakan keselamatan kerja.
 Lakukan installasi server Debian 6 dengan aturan pemartisian hardisk
(root filesystem 80 gb) dan (swap 2 x ukuran RAM)
Melakukan pembuatan dan penyusunan kabel jaringan dengan standar T568B (cross over)
Kiri Kanan
Orange – Putih Hijau – Putih
Orange Hijau
Hijau - Putih Orange – Putih
Biru Biru
Biru – Putih Biru – Putih
Hijau Orange
Coklat – Putih Coklat – Putih
Cokat Cokat
Melakukan konfigurasi Router (nat) sebagai Gateway Server. (Skill)
Konfigurasi ip address
# nano /etc/network/interfaces
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback
auto eth0
iface eth0 inet dhcp
auto eth1
iface eth1 inet static
address 192.168.100.1
netmask 255.255.255.240
network 192.168.100.0
broadcast 192.168.100.255
dns-nameservers 192.168.100.1
dns-search smkn4gorontalo.sch.id
Restart layanan
# /etc/init.d/networking restart
Konfigurasi ip forward
# nano /etc/sysctl.conf
# /etc/sysctl.conf - Configuration file for setting system variables
# See /etc/sysctl.d/ for additional system variables
# See sysctl.conf (5) for information.
#kernel.domainname = example.com
# Uncomment the following to stop low-level messages on console
#kernel.printk = 3 4 1 3
# Uncomment the next two lines to enable Spoof protection (reverse-path filter)
# Turn on Source Address Verification in all interfaces to
# prevent some spoofing attacks
#net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter=1
#net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter=1
# Uncomment the next line to enable TCP/IP SYN cookies
# See http://lwn.net/Articles/277146/
# Note: This may impact IPv6 TCP sessions too
#net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies=1
# Uncomment the next line to enable packet forwarding for IPv4
net.ipv4.ip_forward=1
Konfigurasi Iptables untuk routing nat
# nano /etc/rc.local
#!/bin/sh -e
# rc.local
# This script is executed at the end of each multiuser runlevel.
# Make sure that the script will "exit 0" on success or any other
# value on error.
# In order to enable or disable this script just change the execution
# bits.
# By default this script does nothing.
iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o eth0 -j MASQUERADE
iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o eth1 -j MASQUERADE
exit 0
Melakukan konfigurasi DHCP untuk interface jaringan lokal (Skill)
Install DHCP Server
# apt-get install dhcp3-server
Konfigurasi DHCP Server
# nano /etc/dhcp3/dhcpd.conf
# A slightly different configuration for an internal subnet.
subnet 192.168.100.0 netmask 255.255.255.240 {
range 192.168.100.2 192.168.100.6;
option domain-name-servers 8.8.8.8;
option domain-name "smkn4gorontalo.sch.id";
option routers 192.168.100.1;
option broadcast-address 192.168.100.15;
default-lease-time 600;
max-lease-time 7200;
}
Restart layanan DHCP Server
# /etc/init.d/isc-dhcp3-server restart
Lakukan restart (reboot) pada PC Server dan lakukan pengujian akses koneksi dari PC Client /
Laptop ke Server dengan tools (ping).
Melakukan konfigurasi Web Server
# apt-get install apache2 php5 php5-mysql mysql-server phpmyadmin
# nano /var/www/index.html
<html><head><title>UKK 2015 TKJ</title></head>
<body>Assalamualaikum <p>
Selamat datang di Server saya !
<br>Nama : Walid Umar
<br>Kelas : XII TKJ
<br>Alamat : Gorontalo, Jl. Jalaludin Tantu No. 60
<br>Email : walidumar@smkn4gorontalo.sch.id
</body>
</html>
# nano /etc/apache2/ports.conf
<IfModule mod_ssl.c>
# Server Name Indication for SSL named virtual hosts is currently not
# supported by MSIE on Windows XP.
Listen 443 https
</IfModule>
Konfigurasi Proxy Server
# apt-cdrom add
# apt-get update
# apt-get install squid
# nano /etc/squid/squid.conf
http_port 3128 transparent
acl blok dstdomain "/etc/squid/situs"
no_cache deny blok
http_acces deny blok
acl jaringan src 192.168.100.0/28
http_acces allow jaringan
cache_mgr admin@smkn4gorontalo.sch.id
visible_hostname www.smkn4gorontalo.sch.id
#http_access deny all
# nano /etc/squid/situs
www.google.com
www.yahoo.com
google.com
yahoo.com
iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o eth0 -j MASQUERADE
iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o eth1 -j MASQUERADE
iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -s 192.168.100.0/28 -p tcp --dport 80 -j REDIRECT --to-ports 3128
iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -s 192.168.100.0/28 -p tcp --dport 443 -j REDIRECT --to-ports 3128

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Konfigurasi Server Gateway dengan fitur PROXY, WEBSERVER dan DHCP

  • 1. Panduan Penyelesaian Ujian Kompetensi Keahlian TKJ Paket III Membuat perencanaan sesuai dengan topologi jaringan yang disediakan (Knowledge,Attitude) (eth1) (eth0) Internet PC/Laptop Client Server Gateway Melakukan perhitungan subnetting terhadap ip address yang ditentukkan untuk network public dan private Eth1 Network A 192.168.100.0/28 Binary Bit (CIDR) 11111111.11111111.11111111.11110000 Konversi Desimal (Subnet) 255.255.255.240 Jumlah Subnet 2 (pangkat digit 1) 2 ^ 4 = 16 Subnet Jumlah Host 2 (pangkat digit 0) (2 ^ 4) - 2 = 16 – 2 = 14 Host Jumlah Blok Subnet 256 – 240 = 16, 32, 48, 64, 80, 96, 112, 128, 144, 160, 176, 192, 208, 224, 240 Eth0 Network A 192.168.88.0/24 Binary Bit (CIDR) 11111111.11111111.11111111.00000000 Konversi Desimal (Subnet) 255.255.255.0 Jumlah Subnet 2 (pangkat digit 1) 2 ^ 0 = 0 Subnet Jumlah Host 2 (pangkat digit 0) (2 ^ 8) - 2 = 256 – 2 = 254 Host Jumlah Blok Subnet 256 – 0 = 0 192.168.88.0/24192.168.100.0/28 192.168.100.1/28 192.168.100.2/28 (DHCP) 192.168.88.xxx/24
  • 2. Perakitan dan Instalasi Server (Skill, Attitude)  Lakukan perakitan komputer dengan mengutamakan keselamatan kerja.  Lakukan installasi server Debian 6 dengan aturan pemartisian hardisk (root filesystem 80 gb) dan (swap 2 x ukuran RAM) Melakukan pembuatan dan penyusunan kabel jaringan dengan standar T568B (cross over) Kiri Kanan Orange – Putih Hijau – Putih Orange Hijau Hijau - Putih Orange – Putih Biru Biru Biru – Putih Biru – Putih Hijau Orange Coklat – Putih Coklat – Putih Cokat Cokat Melakukan konfigurasi Router (nat) sebagai Gateway Server. (Skill) Konfigurasi ip address # nano /etc/network/interfaces auto lo iface lo inet loopback auto eth0 iface eth0 inet dhcp auto eth1 iface eth1 inet static address 192.168.100.1 netmask 255.255.255.240 network 192.168.100.0 broadcast 192.168.100.255 dns-nameservers 192.168.100.1 dns-search smkn4gorontalo.sch.id Restart layanan # /etc/init.d/networking restart
  • 3. Konfigurasi ip forward # nano /etc/sysctl.conf # /etc/sysctl.conf - Configuration file for setting system variables # See /etc/sysctl.d/ for additional system variables # See sysctl.conf (5) for information. #kernel.domainname = example.com # Uncomment the following to stop low-level messages on console #kernel.printk = 3 4 1 3 # Uncomment the next two lines to enable Spoof protection (reverse-path filter) # Turn on Source Address Verification in all interfaces to # prevent some spoofing attacks #net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter=1 #net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter=1 # Uncomment the next line to enable TCP/IP SYN cookies # See http://lwn.net/Articles/277146/ # Note: This may impact IPv6 TCP sessions too #net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies=1 # Uncomment the next line to enable packet forwarding for IPv4 net.ipv4.ip_forward=1 Konfigurasi Iptables untuk routing nat # nano /etc/rc.local #!/bin/sh -e # rc.local # This script is executed at the end of each multiuser runlevel. # Make sure that the script will "exit 0" on success or any other # value on error. # In order to enable or disable this script just change the execution # bits. # By default this script does nothing. iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o eth0 -j MASQUERADE iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o eth1 -j MASQUERADE exit 0 Melakukan konfigurasi DHCP untuk interface jaringan lokal (Skill) Install DHCP Server # apt-get install dhcp3-server Konfigurasi DHCP Server # nano /etc/dhcp3/dhcpd.conf # A slightly different configuration for an internal subnet. subnet 192.168.100.0 netmask 255.255.255.240 { range 192.168.100.2 192.168.100.6; option domain-name-servers 8.8.8.8; option domain-name "smkn4gorontalo.sch.id"; option routers 192.168.100.1; option broadcast-address 192.168.100.15; default-lease-time 600; max-lease-time 7200; } Restart layanan DHCP Server # /etc/init.d/isc-dhcp3-server restart Lakukan restart (reboot) pada PC Server dan lakukan pengujian akses koneksi dari PC Client / Laptop ke Server dengan tools (ping).
  • 4. Melakukan konfigurasi Web Server # apt-get install apache2 php5 php5-mysql mysql-server phpmyadmin # nano /var/www/index.html <html><head><title>UKK 2015 TKJ</title></head> <body>Assalamualaikum <p> Selamat datang di Server saya ! <br>Nama : Walid Umar <br>Kelas : XII TKJ <br>Alamat : Gorontalo, Jl. Jalaludin Tantu No. 60 <br>Email : walidumar@smkn4gorontalo.sch.id </body> </html> # nano /etc/apache2/ports.conf <IfModule mod_ssl.c> # Server Name Indication for SSL named virtual hosts is currently not # supported by MSIE on Windows XP. Listen 443 https </IfModule> Konfigurasi Proxy Server # apt-cdrom add # apt-get update # apt-get install squid # nano /etc/squid/squid.conf http_port 3128 transparent acl blok dstdomain "/etc/squid/situs" no_cache deny blok http_acces deny blok acl jaringan src 192.168.100.0/28 http_acces allow jaringan cache_mgr admin@smkn4gorontalo.sch.id visible_hostname www.smkn4gorontalo.sch.id #http_access deny all # nano /etc/squid/situs www.google.com www.yahoo.com google.com yahoo.com iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o eth0 -j MASQUERADE iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o eth1 -j MASQUERADE iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -s 192.168.100.0/28 -p tcp --dport 80 -j REDIRECT --to-ports 3128 iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -s 192.168.100.0/28 -p tcp --dport 443 -j REDIRECT --to-ports 3128