THIS IS A PRESENTATION ON ENGINES WORKING ON SOME BIO FUELS & FEW SEED OILS AS A LUBRICANT.

1. PRESENTATION ON PERFORMANCE OF IC
ENGINES USING VEGETABLE OIL
BY
G.AKHIL
DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL
ENGINEERING

2. INTRODUCTION
•In the present industrialized world, the consumption of
petroleum products has become an index of country’s prosperity.
• The consumption of petroleum products has started as a few
tons/year about 140 years ago has reached over 3000 million
metric tons/year.
•Vehicle population is increasing considerably and according to
the Association of Indian Automobile Manufacturer (AIAM).
•The increased use of petroleum fuels by automobiles in India is
not only causing fuel scarcities, price hikes, higher import bills
and economic imbalance.

3. • Hence, there is a need to substitute conventional petroleum fuels by suitable
eco-friendly alternative fuels such as natural gas, bio fuels etc.
• We suggest the solution to these twin problems of fuel scarcity and exhaust
pollution lies in utilizing bio fuels to the maximum extent.

4. PONGAMAI OIL – A CASE STUDY:
• PONGAMIA PIMMATA is the botanical name for KANUGA in Telugu, HONGE in
Kannada and KARANJ in Hindi.
• Most of trees based oil seeds yield about 25% oil and 79% cake considering 5%
losses in the process of oil extraction.

5. • The cake has multiple uses but if it becomes available in large
quantities, the sludge can be used as a quality fertilizer.
• This PONGAMIA can grow anywhere –road sides, borders of crop lands, school
compounds etc.

6. TECHNICAL DATA
:
• PONGAMIA-OIL is a deep yellow, or reddish-
brown oil extracted from the seeds of east
Indian tree PONGAMIA.
• The various physical properties of PONGAMIA
oil have been determined experimentally
and are compared with those of diesel.
• Most of the properties except its viscosity are
nearer to diesel properties which makes it so
suitable for diesel.

7. TEST RESULTS
• Pongamia oil has been directly used in a
diesel engine with 25%, 50 % 75% and
finally 100% pongamia.
• Performance is found to be satisfactory
with clear smoke. But at the same time
some minor problems like chocking of
fuel filter, restricted fuel flow are found.
• It’s worth mentioning here that an oil
extraction unit is also made available
to the people by the tribal welfare
department under ‘VELUGU’ project
has one year.

8. ECONOMICS OF PONGAMAI OIL:
• The pongamia tree yields about 160 kilos of seeds per year and about 10
to 15 tones of seeds per hectare.
• One kilo of oil generates three units of electricity, and the economics of
this entire works out too much lower than the current price of diesel.
• Local price of pongamia seeds per kg = Rs 5.00
• Oil extraction and transportation charges per kg = Rs 1.00
• Now, cost of 4 kilos of seeds = 4*5 = Rs .20.00
• Oil extraction cost = 4*1 = Rs 4.00
• Total cost = Rs .24.00
• Income from sale of 3 kilos of cake = 3*4.50 = Rs .13.50

9. SOYA BEAN OIL AS LUBRICANT
• SOYA BEAN OIL CAN BE USED AS A LUBRICANT
• IT IS HAVING GOOD PROPERTIES
• IT CAN BE IMPLEMENTED IN IC ENGINES
• AND IT CAN BE USED AS A FUEL ALSO
• LESS POLLUTION
• SAFE FOR ENVIRONMENT

10. BUS RUNNING ON SOYA BEAN OIL

11. USES
• GOOD FOR ENVIRONMENT
• LESS COST
• High efficiency
• FUTURE SCOPE

12. CONCLUSIONS & RECOMENDATIONS
• It is possible to replace fossil fuels (diesel) with all its economic and
ecological disadvantages, with bio fuels which are renewable.
• Projects involving large scale growing of non-edible vegetable oils
useful as biodiesels should be encouraged.
• Vehicles running on such oils should be continuously demonstrated
in all major cities and towns to popularize the concept and thus the
gap between technology and end user should be bridged.
• 30 Million-hectare equivalent can completely replace current use of
fossil fuels which will eliminate the spending of 6 Billion dollars for
importing oils.

13. REFERENCES:
• Internal combustion engine fundamentals- JOHN-B-WAYHOOD
• Internal combustion engines-
• V.GANESHAN - Exhaust emissions of a DI diesel engine with blends
of biodiesel
• SAE paper 1997 Compatibility of elastomers and metals in
biodiesel fuel
blends-SAE paper 19Energy fact sheet-energy educators of
Ontario-
1993

14. SAY GOOD BYE TO NON RENEWABLE
RESOURCES

15. THANK YOU