1. DIVERSIFIED APPLICATION
TESTING
BASED ON A SYLIUS PROJECT
Łukasz Chruściel

2. AGENDA
• Sylius in a nutshell
• Tests and their types
• PHPSpec usage for unit testing
• API testing with ApiTestCase
• New approach to Behat
• Summary

3. SYLIUS
IN A NUTSHELL

4. WHAT IS SYLIUS?
330+ contributors 10k+ contributions
5 years of development
Still in dev
A few revolutions behind us
60+ packages Full stack BDD
OSS Project
E-commerce platform

5. REVOLUTIONS?
Fixtures system
Shop
Admin panel
Repositories
Factories
Translations
New approach of Behat
User handling
Products
Checkout flow
State machines

7. HOW DID WE HANDLE IT?

8. TESTS

9. TYPES OFTESTS
• Unit
• Integration
• Functional
• Stress
• Performance
• Usability
• Acceptance
• Regression
• API
• GUI

10. TYPES OFTESTS
• Unit
• Integration
• Functional
• Acceptance
• API
• GUI

11. PHPSPECTOTHE RESCUE!
UnitTests?

12. EASYTO UNDERSTAND
final class TypicalCalculatorSpec extends ObjectBehavior
{
function it_is_initializable()
{
$this->shouldHaveType(Calculator::class);
}
function it_adds_two_numbers()
{
$this->add(2, 4)->shouldReturn(6);
}
}
AcmeAppBundleCalculatorTypicalCalculator
25 ✔ is initializable
35 ✔ adds two numbers
1 specs
3 examples (3 passed)
11ms
final class TypicalCalculator
{
public function add($a, $b)
{
return $a + $b;
}
}

13. SOMETHING MORE
SOPHISTICATED
class AverageRatingCalculator implements ReviewableRatingCalculatorInterface
{
public function calculate(ReviewableInterface $reviewable)
{
$sum = 0;
$reviewsNumber = 0;
$reviews = $reviewable->getReviews();
foreach ($reviews as $review) {
if (ReviewInterface::STATUS_ACCEPTED === $review->getStatus()) {
++$reviewsNumber;
$sum += $review->getRating();
}
}
return 0 !== $reviewsNumber ? $sum / $reviewsNumber : 0;
}
}

14. SOMETHING MORE
SOPHISTICATED
function it_calculates_average_price(
ReviewableInterface $reviewable,
ReviewInterface $review1,
ReviewInterface $review2
) {
$reviewable->getReviews()->willReturn([$review1, $review2]);
$review1
->getStatus()
->willReturn(ReviewInterface::STATUS_ACCEPTED);
$review2
->getStatus()
->willReturn(ReviewInterface::STATUS_ACCEPTED);
$review1->getRating()->willReturn(4);
$review2->getRating()->willReturn(5);
$this->calculate($reviewable)->shouldReturn(4.5);
}

15. SOMETHING MORE
SOPHISTICATED
function it_returns_zero_if_given_reviewable_object_has_no_reviews(
ReviewableInterface $reviewable
){
$reviewable->getReviews()->willReturn([]));
$this->calculate($reviewable)->shouldReturn(0);
}

16. SOMETHING MORE
SOPHISTICATED
function it_returns_zero_if_given_reviewable_object_has_reviews_but_none_of_them_is_accepted(
ReviewableInterface $reviewable,
ReviewInterface $review
) {
$reviewable->getReviews()->willReturn([$review]);
$review->getStatus()->willReturn(ReviewInterface::STATUS_NEW);
$this->calculate($reviewable)->shouldReturn(0);
}

17. SOMETHING MORE
SOPHISTICATED
class AverageRatingCalculator implements ReviewableRatingCalculatorInterface
{
public function calculate(ReviewableInterface $reviewable)
{
$sum = 0;
$reviewsNumber = 0;
$reviews = $reviewable->getReviews();
foreach ($reviews as $review) {
if (ReviewInterface::STATUS_ACCEPTED === $review->getStatus()) {
++$reviewsNumber;
$sum += $review->getRating();
}
}
return 0 !== $reviewsNumber ? $sum / $reviewsNumber : 0;
}
}

18. COLLABORATORS?
namespace SyliusBundleOrderBundleNumberAssigner;
final class OrderNumberAssigner implements OrderNumberAssignerInterface
{
private $numberGenerator;
public function __construct(OrderNumberGeneratorInterface $numberGenerator)
{
$this->numberGenerator = $numberGenerator;
}
public function assignNumber(OrderInterface $order)
{
if (null !== $order->getNumber()) {
return;
}
$order->setNumber($this->numberGenerator->generate($order));
}
}

19. COLLABORATORS?
namespace specSyliusBundleOrderBundleNumberAssigner;
final class OrderNumberAssignerSpec extends ObjectBehavior
{
function let(OrderNumberGeneratorInterface $numberGenerator)
{
$this->beConstructedWith($numberGenerator);
}
function it_assigns_number_to_order(
OrderInterface $order,
OrderNumberGeneratorInterface $numberGenerator
) {
$order->getNumber()->willReturn(null);
$numberGenerator->generate($order)->willReturn('00000007');
$order->setNumber('00000007')->shouldBeCalled();
$this->assignNumber($order);
}
function it_does_not_assign_number_to_order_with_number(
OrderInterface $order,
OrderNumberGeneratorInterface $numberGenerator
) {
$order->getNumber()->willReturn('00000007');
$numberGenerator->generate($order)->shouldNotBeCalled();
$order->setNumber(Argument::any())->shouldNotBeCalled();
$this->assignNumber($order);
}
}

20. WHAT DO WETEST WITH
PHPSPEC?
*Although we don’t spec repositories, nor forms.
EVERYTHING*

21. „BUT IT IS HARD/IMPOSSIBLE TO SPEC MY CODE!”

22. THEN SOMETHING SMELLS
REALLY, REALLY BAD

23. APITESTING WITH
APITESTCASE

24. JSON?

25. WHAT DO WE HAVE?
URL:
Raw data to send:
Expected response:
POST /api/countries/
{"code": "BE"}
{
"id": 1,
"code": "BE"
}

26. namespace SyliusTestController;
class CountryApiTest extends JsonApiTestCase
{
public function testCreateCountryResponse()
{
$data =
<<<EOT
{
"code": "BE"
}
EOT;
$this->client->request('POST', '/api/countries/', [], [], [], $data);
$response = $this->client->getResponse();
$this->assertResponse($response, 'country/create_response', Response::HTTP_CREATED);
}
}
// test/Responses/Expected/country/create_response.json
{
"id": @integer@,
"code": "BE"
}

27. XML?

28. WHAT DO WE HAVE?
URL:
Expected response:
GET /sitemap.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<urlset xmlns="http://www.sitemaps.org/schemas/sitemap/0.9">
<url>
<loc>http://sylius.org/products/mug-star-wars</loc>
<lastmod>2015-10-10T00:00:00+02:00</lastmod>
<changefreq>always</changefreq>
<priority>0.5</priority>
</url>
<url>
<loc>http://sylius.org/products/mug-lotr</loc>
<lastmod>2015-10-04T00:00:00+02:00</lastmod>
<changefreq>always</changefreq>
<priority>0.5</priority>
</url>
<url>
<loc>http://sylius.org/products/mug-breaking-bad</loc>
<lastmod>2015-10-05T00:00:00+02:00</lastmod>
<changefreq>always</changefreq>
<priority>0.5</priority>
</url>
</urlset>

29. // test/Responses/Expected/sitemap/show_sitemap.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<urlset xmlns="http://www.sitemaps.org/schemas/sitemap/0.9">
<url>
<loc>http://sylius.org/products/mug-star-wars</loc>
<lastmod>@string@.isDateTime()</lastmod>
<changefreq>always</changefreq>
<priority>0.5</priority>
</url>
<url>
<loc>http://sylius.org/products/mug-lotr</loc>
<lastmod>@string@.isDateTime()</lastmod>
<changefreq>always</changefreq>
<priority>0.5</priority>
</url>
<url>
<loc>http://sylius.org/products/mug-breaking-bad</loc>
<lastmod>@string@.isDateTime()</lastmod>
<changefreq>always</changefreq>
<priority>0.5</priority>
</url>
</urlset>
namespace SyliusTestController;
class SitemapControllerApiTest extends XmlApiTestCase
{
public function testShowActionResponse()
{
$this->loadFixturesFromFile('resources/product.yml');
$this->client->request('GET', '/sitemap.xml');
$response = $this->client->getResponse();
$this->assertResponse($response, 'sitemap/show_sitemap');
}
}

30. HELPS IN DEBUGGING
1) SyliusTestsControllerOauthTokenApiTest::it_provides_an_access_token
"3600" does not match "7200".
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
{
- "expires_in": 7200,
+ "expires_in": 3600,
"token_type": "bearer",
"scope": null,
}

31. NEW APPROACHTO BEHAT

32. GOOD, OLD BEHAT

33. WHAT WASTHAT?
Uber Behat contexts
800+ lines of code
Many ancestors
Each Behat context got an `F` degree on scrutinizer

34. WAS IT WRONG?
/**
* @Given /^I am on the page of ([^""(w)]*) "([^""]*)"$/
* @Given /^I go to the page of ([^""(w)]*) "([^""]*)"$/
*/
public function iAmOnTheResourcePageByName($type, $name)
{
if ('country' === $type) {
$this->iAmOnTheCountryPageByName($name);
return;
}
$this->iAmOnTheResourcePage($type, 'name', $name);
}

35. WAS IT WRONG?
IT WAS TERRIBLE!

36. SOLUTION?

37. STYLE

38. @promotions
Feature: Checkout fixed discount promotions
In order to handle product promotions
As a store owner
I want to apply promotion discounts during checkout
Background:
Given store has default configuration
And the following countries exist:
| name |
| Germany |
| Poland |
And there are following taxonomies defined:
| name |
| Category |
And taxonomy "Category" has following taxons:
| Clothing > DebianT-Shirts |
And the following products exist:
| name | price | taxons |
| Woody | 125 | DebianT-Shirts |
And the following promotions exist:
| name | description |
| 3 items | Discount for orders with at least 3 items |
And all products are assigned to the default channel
And all promotions are assigned to the default channel
And promotion "3 items" has following rules defined:
| type | configuration |
| Item count | Count: 3,Equal: true |
And promotion "3 items" has following actions defined:
| type | configuration |
| Fixed discount | Amount: 15 |
And I am logged in as user "klaus@example.com"
Scenario: Fixed discount promotion is applied when the cart
has the required amount
Given I am on the store homepage
When I add product "Woody" to cart, with quantity "3"
Then I should be on the cart summary page
And "Promotion total: -€40.00" should appear on the page
And "Grand total: €295.00" should appear on the page
@receiving_discount
Feature: Receiving fixed discount on cart
In order to pay proper amount while buying promoted goods
As aVisitor
I want to have promotions applied to my cart
Background:
Given the store operates on a single channel in "France"
And the store has a product "PHPT-Shirt" priced at "€100.00"
And the store has a product "PHP Mug" priced at "€6.00"
@ui
Scenario: Receiving fixed discount for my cart
Given there is a promotion "Holiday promotion"
And it gives "€10.00" discount to every order
When I add product "PHPT-Shirt" to the cart
Then my cart total should be "€90.00"
And my discount should be "-€10.00"

39. @receiving_discount
Feature: Receiving percentage discount on shipping
In order to pay decreased amount for shipping
As a Customer
I want to have shipping promotion applied to my cart
Background:
Given the store operates on a single channel in "France"
And the store has "DHL" shipping method with "€10.00" fee
And the store has a product "PHPT-Shirt" priced at "€100.00"
And there is a promotion "Holiday promotion"
And I am a logged in customer
@ui
Scenario: Receiving percentage discount on shipping
Given the promotion gives "20%" discount on shipping to every order
When I add product "PHPT-Shirt" to the cart
And I proceed selecting "DHL" shipping method
Then my cart total should be "€108.00"
And my cart shipping total should be "€8.00"

40. 100% BEHAT

41. TRANSFORMERS
<?php
final class PromotionContext implements Context
{
/**
* @Then promotion :promotion should still exist in the registry
*/
public function promotionShouldStillExistInTheRegistry(PromotionInterface $promotion)
{
Assert::notNull($this->promotionRepository->find($promotion->getId()));
}
}
<?php
final class PromotionContext implements Context
{
/**
* @Transform :promotion
*/
public function getPromotionByName($promotionName)
{
return $this->promotionRepository->findOneBy(['name' => $promotionName]);
}
}
@domain @ui
Scenario: Being unable to delete a promotion that was applied to an order
When I try to delete a "Christmas sale" promotion
Then I should be notified that it is in use and cannot be deleted
And promotion "Christmas sale" should still exist in the registry

42. TAGS
namespace SyliusBehatContextDomain;
final class OrderContext implements Context
{
/**
* @When I delete the order :order
*/
public function iDeleteTheOrder(OrderInterface $order)
{
$this->orderRepository->remove($order);
}
}
namespace SyliusBehatContextUi;
final class OrderContext implements Context
{
/**
* @When I delete the order :order
*/
public function iDeleteTheOrder(OrderInterface $order)
{
$this->showPage->open(['id' => $order->getId()]);
$this->showPage->deleteOrder();
}
}
@domain @ui
Scenario: Deleted order should disappear from the registry
When I delete the order "#00000022"
Then I should be notified that it has been successfully deleted
And this order should not exist in the registry

43. RECOMENDATIONS
Tags steps should be written in such a way
that can be interpreted in many contexts
Do not create a new object withTransformers
Shared storage container to keep data between contexts
Use ubiquitous language

44. PAGE OBJECT PATTERN

45. PAGE AS A SERVICE
namespace SyliusBehatPageAdminAccount;
class LoginPage implements LoginPageInterface
{
public function specifyPassword($password)
{
$this->getDocument()->fillField('Password', $password);
}
public function specifyUsername($username)
{
$this->getDocument()->fillField('Username', $username);
}
}
namespace SyliusBehatContextUiAdmin;
final class LoginContext implements Context
{
public function __construct(LoginPageInterface $loginPage)
{
$this->loginPage = $loginPage;
}
/** @When I specify the username as :username */
public function iSpecifyTheUsername($username)
{
$this->loginPage->specifyUsername($username);
}
/** @When I specify the password as :password */
public function iSpecifyThePasswordAs($password)
{
$this->loginPage->specifyPassword($password);
}
}

46. CONTEXT AS A SERVICE
default:
suites:
ui_administrator_login:
contexts_as_services:
- sylius.behat.context.hook.doctrine_orm
- sylius.behat.context.transform.user
- sylius.behat.context.setup.channel
- sylius.behat.context.setup.admin_user
- sylius.behat.context.setup.user
- sylius.behat.context.ui.admin.login
filters:
tags: "@administrator_login && @ui"
namespace SyliusBehatContextUiAdmin;
final class LoginContext implements Context
{
public function __construct(LoginPageInterface $loginPage)
{
$this->loginPage = $loginPage;
}
/**
* @Given I want to log in
*/
public function iWantToLogIn(){…}
/**
* @When I specify the username as :username
*/
public function iSpecifyTheUsername($username){…}
/**
* @When I specify the password as :password
*/
public function iSpecifyThePasswordAs($password){…}
/**
* @When I log in
*/
public function iLogIn(){…}
}

47. SERVICES FTW!

48. SUMMARY

49. QUESTIONS?
Łukasz Chruściel
@lukaszchrusciel
https://github.com/lchrusciel
Worth to see:
http://www.phpspec.net/en/stable/
http://docs.behat.org/en/v3.0/
https://github.com/Lakion/ApiTestCase
https://github.com/Sylius/Sylius
http://martinfowler.com/bliki/PageObject.html
http://mink.behat.org/en/latest/
https://github.com/FriendsOfBehat