Begum Hazrat Mahal was the wife of the Nawab Wajid Ali Shah of Awadh who took control of the state after her husband was exiled to Calcutta. During the Indian Rebellion of 1857, she led rebels against the British and succeeded in capturing Lucknow, declaring her son Birjis Qadr as the king of Awadh. She worked with other leaders like Nana Sahib to fight against the British during the first war of Indian independence from 1857-1858.