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About Scanning and Metadata Standards - NEMO 2010

University of Connecticut Libraries Map and Geographic Information Center - MAGIC
Jun. 8, 2010
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About Scanning and Metadata Standards - NEMO 2010

  1. ABOUT SCANNING & METADATA STANDARDS William (Bill) Miller & Michael Howser University of Connecticut Libraries Map and Geographic Information Center - MAGIC
  2. OUTLINE • Introduction • Scanning: A Holistic View • Project Planning • Metadata: A Three-fold approach • Providing Access
  3. WHAT IS MAGIC? • University of Connecticut Libraries Map and Geographic Information Center - MAGIC • 200,000+ maps, aerial photos, and atlases • Focus on providing public access to maps and geographic information for Connecticut and surrounding region
  4. 2009 magic.lib.uconn.edu
  5. MAGIC STAFF • William (Bill) Miller – Map Library Manager • Michael Howser – Undergraduate Education & GIS Librarian • George Bentley – Map Digitization • Curtis Denton – Map Digitization • Jeffrey Dunn – Aerial Imagery & Education • Cary Lynch – NEH Digital Project Manager • Joshua Strunk – Metadata Specialist
  6. SCANNING A Holistic Approach
  7. COPYRIGHT & SCANNING • Key things to consider: • Government Agency vs Private Company • Pre-1924 materials • Copy or original • Cartographer and Publisher • Year of material
  8. RESEARCH... THIS COULD TAKE AWHILE • May need to contact libraries, publishers... • Look for atlases, books and supporting materials • Verify if an item has been scanned - Google Books, Internet Archive, OAIster, Google, David Rumsey, Flickr, Local Libraries • Explore the drawers - could be part of a series
  9. OAISTER oaister.worldcat.org
  10. GOOGLE BOOKS
  11. DAVID RUMSEY? davidrumsey.com
  12. WHAT DOES RUMSEY OFFER? • High quality historical maps • Includes Metadata • International Collection • Downloadable images - in SID format
  13. INTERNET ARCHIVE archive.org
  14. WHY INTERNET ARCHIVE? • Atlases! • Books which relate to maps • Free, downloadable content • Higher quality than Google Books - especially for maps!
  15. READY TO SCAN?
  16. WORKSPACE • Create workspace with: • space to spread out maps (may need to flatten) • dim lighting (for flatbed scanning) • some humidity - will help avoid damage to materials • good ventilation - some maps may have an “aroma”
  17. SCANNING EQUIPMENT • Select the right equipment for the task • Flatbed • Large format continuous feed • Overhead photography
  18. FLATBED SCANNER
  19. LARGE FORMAT SCANNER
  20. OVERHEAD SCANNING
  21. SOFTWARE
  22. VUESCAN http://www.hamrick.com/
  23. WHY VUESCAN? • Multiple scanners with one interface! • Low-cost $79.95 (professional) • Multiple export options - TIFF, RAW, PDF, JPEG.... • Mac & PC compatiable
  24. EDITING SOFTWARE • Gimp - Open Source image editing software • Adobe Fireworks - basic editing & batch processing • Adobe Photoshop - for advanced editing & batch processing
  25. HARDWARE
  26. WORKSTATION SETUP • 4GB RAM or more • 512MB video card (dedicated) minimum • Consider dual screens (2 - 19” monitors) • Hard drive space - minimum 320GB
  27. STORAGE • Short Term • 1-3 days - local computer hard drive • Long Term • Networked, backed up storage solution • Able to grow with your digitization storage needs • Backup to remote location (tape or mirrored)
  28. STORAGE CONCERNS • Bit rot! • DVDs, CDs, digital files all potential victims • Important to have back-ups • Migrate data to verify • Think you don’t have this? Chances are you do or will soon!
  29. LET’S DISCUSS YOUR DIGITIZATION SETUP
  30. IMAGE FORMATS
  31. FORMATS - TIFF • Lossless (uncompressed) • Readable in Photoshop and most image editing programs • Enables Exif data storage • Gold standard for archival master copies • GeoTIFF includes geo-location data
  32. FORMATS - JPEG2000 • Lossy and Lossless file format (depending on settings) • New standard for JPEG images - preserves color varations • Reduced file size • Requires Adobe Photoshop and other image software to view • Exif data supported
  33. FORMATS - PNG • Improves upon and replaces GIF format • Supports transparency • Lossless image format • Does not support Exif data • Good for derivatives, not for archival masters
  34. FORMATS - PDF • Lossy or lossless format (depending on settings) • Includes GeoPDF option - includes coordinate data • Can include multiple layers • Optimized for vector data (text) • Good for deliverables depending on setting
  35. LET’S DISCUSS YOUR DIGITIZATION SETTINGS
  36. PROJECT PLANNING
  37. PLANNING THE PROJECT • Material Selection • Equipment & Costs • What area(s) are the • Student labor? focus? • Scanning equipment • High Use Items? • Storage? • Potential High Use Items? • Timeline? • Digitize to Preserve? • Funding Options?
  38. USAGE • UseGoogle Analytics to determine frequently searched for items • What are users asking for most frequently? • Are there unique items you want to showcase? • Digitization can lead to increased usage and help preserve the original
  39. GOOGLE ANALYTICS
  40. USER INPUT • Survey to find out what users want to see • Provide a series of options - help prioritize • Colorful maps will likely generate more interest initially • Think about themes... transportation, census, topographic...
  41. COLLABORATIVE DIGITIZATION • Share scanners • Divide and conquer faster! • Avoid gaps in the collection • Share archival maters
  42. LET’S DISCUSS PROJECT IDEAS
  43. METADATA
  44. WHY? • Data about data to help others understand the map, dataset or resource • Creates a “digital history” for the dataset • Enables Web 3.0?
  45. THOUGHTS?
  46. METADATA - OPTIONS • MARC Records - traditional option for maps, integral part of library catalogs • FGDC Metadata - includes details on data attributes, data creation notes, and in-depth details • Exif data - available for some image formats (TIFF, JPEG, JPEG 2000)
  47. MARC RECORDS
  48. MARC - PROS AND CONS • Essential for library catalog • Enables bounding box data to be added • Can be migrated to other formats (XML) • Flexible - multiple subjects, coordinates, and other location related data options. • Good place to start!
  49. MARC TO XML http://www.lib.umn.edu/apps/maphappy/
  50. FGDC METADATA • Federal Geographic Data Committee (FGDC) guidelines for metadata creation • FGDC Quick Guide (9 pages) includes key elements • Providesflexibility for creating metadata for datasets, aerial photos, satellite images and more • Use others examples to guide development
  51. FGDC METADATA TOOLS • ArcCatalog is the preferred FGDC metadata creator for GIS professionals • Becomes part of the “workflow” and establishes good practices
  52. LIVE DEMO - ARCCATALOG 9.3
  53. EXIF DATA
  54. WHY EXIF DATA • Enables you to embed: • Editing options • Author • Adobe Photoshop • Usage restrictions • Some open source solutions • Notes • Can be batch processed • Date • Add location data
  55. EXIF DATA LIVE DEMO
  56. WHAT ARE YOUR METADATA NEEDS?
  57. PROVIDING ACCESS
  58. CONTENT DM MODEL
  59. CONTENT DM PROS & CONS • Are you using Content DM? • Likes/Dislikes • Map limitations?
  60. LIBRARY OF CONGRESS
  61. DAVID RUMSEY MODEL http://www.davidrumsey.com/
  62. MAGIC’S HYBRID MODEL http://magic.lib.uconn.edu
  63. FLICKR FOR MAPS? • $24.95 / year for unlimited space (20 MB per file or less) • Includes creative commons licensing options • Metadata can be added • Usage Statistics per item & per 28 days • Excellent “Discovery” tool • Can enable download of maps
  64. FLICKR
  65. RETHINK COPYRIGHT http://creativecommons.org/
  66. ACCESS OPTIONS? • How are you providing access now? • What are the limitations? • What would you like to enable your users to do?
  67. LET’S PLAN A PROJECT
  68. QUESTIONS?
  69. THANKS! • Contact us at: • William (Bill) Miller • magic@uconn.edu • Michael Howser Interested in Collaborating on a Digitization Project? Contact us
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