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Participating in the Creative Commons Michael Sauers Technology Innovation Librarian Nebraska Library CommissionLIBR 287 Seminar in Information Science Topic: The Open Movement and Libraries San Jose State University, School of Library and Information Science 18 November 2011 1

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EULA(reasonableagreement.org) 2

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i ≠ lawyer 3

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DMCA me 4

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http://www.flickr.com/photos/8626571@N02/637745334/ 53X

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copyright.gov 6

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“All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form or by any electronic or mechanical means, including information storage and retrieval systems, without permission in writing from the publisher, except by a reviewer who may quote brief passages in a review.”7

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© =right to exclude 8

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Anime Music Videos 10

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Rights grab? 16

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“…to be printed in a magazine or newspaper, or electronically transmitted on radio or television.” 17

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But what about fair use? 20

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17 U.S.C. § 107Notwithstanding the provisions of sections 106 and 106A, thefair use of a copyrighted work, including such use byreproduction in copies or phonorecords or by any other meansspecified by that section, for purposes such as criticism,comment, news reporting, teaching (including multiple copiesfor classroom use), scholarship, or research, is not aninfringement of copyright. In determining whether the use madeof a work in any particular case is a fair use the factors tobe considered shall include— 1.the purpose and character of the use, including whether such use is of a commercial nature or is for nonprofit educational purposes; 2.the nature of the copyrighted work; 3.the amount and substantiality of the portion used in relation to the copyrighted work as a whole; and 4.the effect of the use upon the potential market for or value of the copyrighted work.The fact that a work is unpublished shall not itself bar afinding of fair use if such finding is made upon considerationof all the above factors. 21

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§ 108. Limitations on exclusive rights: Reproduction by libraries and archivesHow Current is This?(a) Except as otherwise provided in this title and notwithstanding the provisions of section 106, it is not an infringement of copyright for a library or archives, or any of itsemployees acting within the scope of their employment, to reproduce no more than one copy or phonorecord of a work, except as provided in subsections (b) and (c), or to distributesuch copy or phonorecord, under the conditions specified by this section, if—(1) the reproduction or distribution is made without any purpose of direct or indirect commercialadvantage;(2) the collections of the library or archives are(i) open to the public, or(ii) available not only to researchers affiliated with the library or archives or with the institution of which it is a part, but also to other persons doing research in aspecialized field; and(3) the reproduction or distribution of the work includes a notice of copyright that appears on the copy or phonorecord that is reproduced under the provisions of this section, orincludes a legend stating that the work may be protected by copyright if no such notice can be found on the copy or phonorecord that is reproduced under the provisions of thissection.(b) The rights of reproduction and distribution under this section apply to three copies or phonorecords of an unpublished work duplicated solely for purposes of preservation andsecurity or for deposit for research use in another library or archives of the type described by clause (2) of subsection (a), if—(1) the copy or phonorecord reproduced is currentlyin the collections of the library or archives; and(2) any such copy or phonorecord that is reproduced in digital format is not otherwise distributed in that format and is not made available to the public in that format outside thepremises of the library or archives.(c) The right of reproduction under this section applies to three copies or phonorecords of a published work duplicated solely for the purpose of replacement of a copy or phonorecordthat is damaged, deteriorating, lost, or stolen, or if the existing format in which the work is stored has become obsolete, if—(1) the library or archives has, after a reasonableeffort, determined that an unused replacement cannot be obtained at a fair price; and(2) any such copy or phonorecord that is reproduced in digital format is not made available to the public in that format outside the premises of the library or archives in lawfulpossession of such copy.For purposes of this subsection, a format shall be considered obsolete if the machine or device necessary to render perceptible a work stored in that format is no longer manufacturedor is no longer reasonably available in the commercial marketplace.(d) The rights of reproduction and distribution under this section apply to a copy, made from the collection of a library or archives where the user makes his or her request or fromthat of another library or archives, of no more than one article or other contribution to a copyrighted collection or periodical issue, or to a copy or phonorecord of a small part ofany other copyrighted work, if—(1) the copy or phonorecord becomes the property of the user, and the library or archives has had no notice that the copy or phonorecord would be usedfor any purpose other than private study, scholarship, or research; and(2) the library or archives displays prominently, at the place where orders are accepted, and includes on its order form, a warning of copyright in accordance with requirements thatthe Register of Copyrights shall prescribe by regulation.(e) The rights of reproduction and distribution under this section apply to the entire work, or to a substantial part of it, made from the collection of a library or archives wherethe user makes his or her request or from that of another library or archives, if the library or archives has first determined, on the basis of a reasonable investigation, that acopy or phonorecord of the copyrighted work cannot be obtained at a fair price, if—(1) the copy or phonorecord becomes the property of the user, and the library or archives has hadno notice that the copy or phonorecord would be used for any purpose other than private study, scholarship, or research; and(2) the library or archives displays prominently, at the place where orders are accepted, and includes on its order form, a warning of copyright in accordance with requirements thatthe Register of Copyrights shall prescribe by regulation.(f) Nothing in this section—(1) shall be construed to impose liability for copyright infringement upon a library or archives or its employees for the unsupervised use of reproducingequipment located on its premises: Provided, That such equipment displays a notice that the making of a copy may be subject to the copyright law;(2) excuses a person who uses such reproducing equipment or who requests a copy or phonorecord under subsection (d) from liability for copyright infringement for any such act, or forany later use of such copy or phonorecord, if it exceeds fair use as provided by section 107;(3) shall be construed to limit the reproduction and distribution by lending of a limited number of copies and excerpts by a library or archives of an audiovisual news program,subject to clauses (1), (2), and (3) of subsection (a); or(4) in any way affects the right of fair use as provided by section 107, or any contractual obligations assumed at any time by the library or archives when it obtained a copy orphonorecord of a work in its collections.(g) The rights of reproduction and distribution under this section extend to the isolated and unrelated reproduction or distribution of a single copy or phonorecord of the samematerial on separate occasions, but do not extend to cases where the library or archives, or its employee—(1) is aware or has substantial reason to believe that it is engaging in therelated or concerted reproduction or distribution of multiple copies or phonorecords of the same material, whether made on one occasion or over a period of time, and whether intendedfor aggregate use by one or more individuals or for separate use by the individual members of a group; or(2) engages in the systematic reproduction or distribution of single or multiple copies or phonorecords of material described in subsection (d): Provided, That nothing in this clauseprevents a library or archives from participating in interlibrary arrangements that do not have, as their purpose or effect, that the library or archives receiving such copies orphonorecords for distribution does so in such aggregate quantities as to substitute for a subscription to or purchase of such work.(h)(1) For purposes of this section, during the last 20 years of any term of copyright of a published work, a library or archives, including a nonprofit educational institution thatfunctions as such, may reproduce, distribute, display, or perform in facsimile or digital form a copy or phonorecord of such work, or portions thereof, for purposes of preservation,scholarship, or research, if such library or archives has first determined, on the basis of a reasonable investigation, that none of the conditions set forth in subparagraphs (A),(B), and (C) of paragraph (2) apply.(2) No reproduction, distribution, display, or performance is authorized under this subsection if—(A) the work is subject to normal commercial exploitation;(B) a copy or phonorecord of the work can be obtained at a reasonable price; or(C) the copyright owner or its agent provides notice pursuant to regulations promulgated by the Register of Copyrights that either of the conditions set forth in subparagraphs (A)and (B) applies.(3) The exemption provided in this subsection does not apply to any subsequent uses by users other than such library or archives.(i) The rights of reproduction and distribution under this section do not apply to a musical work, a pictorial, graphic or sculptural work, or a motion picture or other audiovisualwork other than an audiovisual work dealing with news, except that no such limitation shall apply with respect to rights granted by subsections (b), (c), and (h), or with respect topictorial or graphic works published as illustrations, diagrams, or similar adjuncts to works of which copies are reproduced or distributed in accordance with subsections (d) and(e). 22

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17 U.S.C. § 113In the case of a work lawfullyreproduced in useful articles thathave been offered for sale or otherdistribution to the public,copyright does not include any rightto prevent the making, distribution,or display of pictures orphotographs of such articles inconnection with advertisements orcommentaries related to thedistribution or display of sucharticles, or in connection with newsreports. 23

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huh? 24

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28hhttp://flickr.com/photos/34041589@N00/453859907

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clearance culture 29

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fair use = the right tohire a lawyer &defend yourself 30

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"Copyright treats all creators the same.”―Cory Doctorow 31

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17 U.S.C. § 109.Limitations on exclusive rights: Effect of transfer of particularcopy or phonorecord42(a) Notwithstanding the provisions of section 106(3), the owner ofa particular copy or phonorecord lawfully made under this title,or any person authorized by such owner, is entitled, without theauthority of the copyright owner, to sell or otherwise dispose ofthe possession of that copy or phonorecord. Notwithstanding thepreceding sentence, copies or phonorecords of works subject torestored copyright under section 104A that are manufactured beforethe date of restoration of copyright or, with respect to relianceparties, before publication or service of notice under section104A(e), may be sold or otherwise disposed of without theauthorization of the owner of the restored copyright for purposesof direct or indirect commercial advantage only during the 12-month period beginning on —(1) the date of the publication in the Federal Register of thenotice of intent filed with the Copyright Office under section104A(d)(2)(A), or(2) the date of the receipt of actual notice served under section104A(d)(2)(B), whichever occurs first. 32

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First Sale Doctrine (Saying goodbye?) 33

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Lawrence Lessig 34http://www.flickr.com/photos/mariocarvajal/230462082

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creativecommons.org 35

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c =right to include 37

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Choose… 38

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how? 44

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get… 46

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<a rel="license"href="http://creativecommons.org /licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/us/"> 49

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Otherlicenses… 50

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Other ways… 52

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examples 55

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search.creativecommons.org 61

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Any problems? 63

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“Once you choose alicense for your work, its irrevocable.” 64

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Negative market effect? 65

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What is“non-commercial”? 66

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Unintended use 67

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Right of publicity 69

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CC in Libraries? 70

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1:Teach your students &partons to use CC-licensed works 71

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2:Licenseyour work 72

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3:CatalogCC works 73

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CC @ NLC 74

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Added tocollection 79

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Questions raised: 80

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Competition? 81

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Collectiondevelopment policy? 82

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Cataloging Issues 83

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i ≠ cataloger 84

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Michael Sauersmsauers@travelinlibrarian.info@msauers+Michael Sauersdelicious.com/travelinlibrarian/ccwww.slideshare.net/travelinlibrarian 85