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The future of paas is serverless
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Lambda is the next stage in the evolution of the AWS platform. It allows you to build reactive, event-driven systems that are easy to deploy, update and scale. Amazon manages all the undifferentiated heavy-lifting for you so you can focus on delivering value to your customers with even greater speed and cost efficiency. Join Yan in this talk as we take a deep dive through AWS Lambda and the Serverless framework. We'll see how to start building reactive systems using AWS Lambda, Kinesis and API Gateway, without having to manage any servers. And, you only pay for your services when they are used. We'll discuss lessons learned, best practices and current limitations with AWS Lambda. We'll also get to know the Serverless framework, which helps automate both deployment and versioning so that you can better focus on the things that matter to your customers.
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The future of paas is serverless
- + = THE FUTURE OF PAAS IS SERVERLESS
- hi, my name is Yan Cui @theburningmonk
- “as a Software Engineer, what is my job?”
- “to write code, of course!” - Me, circa 2006
- “to provide value to users & stakeholders” - Me, 2016
- - Dan North “lead time to someone saying thank you is the only reputation metric that matters.”
- THE BALANCE COMPETING FORCES
- performance security scalability simplicity cost team time to market
- “Programmers know the benefits of everything and the tradeoffs of nothing.” - Rich Hickey https://www.infoq.com/presentations/Simple-Made-Easy
- context is the king
- security complexity OUTSIDE the code deployment load balancing caching monitoring config management https://www.infoq.com/presentations/complexity-simplicity-esb centralised logging elastic scaling setup server
- Leaky Abstraction
- AWS re:invent 2014https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9eHoyUVo-yg
- AWS re:invent 2014https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9eHoyUVo-yg FAAS (Function-As-A-Service)
- THERE IS NO SERVER
- cost saving
- charged by invocations
- not paying for idle servers
- elastic scaling
- hi guys, come back at 10 to find out who won!
- everyone came back at exactly 10pm!
- everyone came back at exactly 10pm! Lambda scaled instantly
- minimise undifferentiated heavy-lifting
- “what about containers?”
- important, but invisible subsystems
- economy of scale
- NoOps!!
- reactive
- simple, fast deployment
- first Lambda function went live (team size : 4)
- (team size : 7) 155 prod deployments!
- - Dan North “lead time to someone saying thank you is the only reputation metric that matters.”
- easy to get started
- now, we stand at 170 Lambda functions in prod, with 200+ in dev
- fuelling the Yubl platform evolution
- My Beautiful Monolith
- “What would a good architecture for us look like?”
- small, incremental deployments fast deployments no downtime no lock-step deployments features deployed independently features loosely-coupled through messages minimise cost for unused resources minimise ops effort
- oh, and do all these whilst continue to deliver value, thanks :-) love, your users
- completely rebuilt search
- Legacy Monolith Amazon Kinesis Amazon Lambda Amazon CloudSearch
- Legacy Monolith Amazon Kinesis Amazon Lambda Amazon CloudSearchAmazon API Gateway Amazon Lambda
- analytics pipeline
- Legacy Monolith Amazon Kinesis Amazon Lambda Google BigQuery
- Legacy Monolith Amazon Kinesis Amazon Lambda Google BigQuery 1 developer, 2 days design production (his 1st serverless project)
- Legacy Monolith Amazon Kinesis Amazon Lambda Google BigQuery “nothing ever got done this fast at Skype!” - Chris Twamley
- - Dan North “lead time to someone saying thank you is the only reputation metric that matters.”
- Rebuilt with Lambda
- Rebuilt with Lambda
- and many more…
- “JavaScript doesn’t scale well with complexity” - People on the Internet
- but
- “limit complexity, and JavaScript isn’t so bad” - Me
- USE A DEPLOYMENT FRAMEWORK
- http://serverless.com
- https://github.com/claudiajs/claudia
- https://github.com/Miserlou/Zappa
- http://gosparta.io/
- http://bit.ly/2e7aNDv
- TESTING
- amzn.to/29Lxuzu
- Level of Testing 1.Unit do our objects do the right thing? are they easy to work with?
- Level of Testing 1.Unit 2.Integration does our code work against code we can’t change?
- handler
- handler test by invoking the handler
- Level of Testing 1.Unit 2.Integration 3.Acceptance does the whole system work?
- Level of Testing unit integration acceptance
- Level of Testing unit integration acceptance can do all 3 with Lambda
- “…We find that tests that mock external libraries often need to be complex to get the code into the right state for the functionality we need to exercise. The mess in such tests is telling us that the design isn’t right but, instead of fixing the problem by improving the code, we have to carry the extra complexity in both code and test…” Don’t Mock Types You Can’t Change
- “…The second risk is that we have to be sure that the behaviour we stub or mock matches what the external library will actually do… Even if we get it right once, we have to make sure that the tests remain valid when we upgrade the libraries…” Don’t Mock Types You Can’t Change
- Don’t Mock Types You Can’t Change Services
- “…Wherever possible, an acceptance test should exercise the system end-to- end without directly calling its internal code. An end-to-end test interacts with the system only from the outside: through its interface…” Testing End-to-End
- Legacy Monolith Amazon Kinesis Amazon Lambda Amazon CloudSearchAmazon API Gateway Amazon Lambda
- Legacy Monolith Amazon Kinesis Amazon Lambda Amazon CloudSearchAmazon API Gateway Amazon Lambda Test Input
- Legacy Monolith Amazon Kinesis Amazon Lambda Amazon CloudSearchAmazon API Gateway Amazon Lambda Test Input Validate
- “…We prefer to have the end-to-end tests exercise both the system and the process by which it’s built and deployed… This sounds like a lot of effort (it is), but has to be done anyway repeatedly during the software’s lifetime…” Testing End-to-End
- Jenkins build config deploys and tests unit + integration tests deploy acceptance tests
- build.sh allows repeatable builds on both local & CI
- LOGGING
- 2016-07-12T12:24:37.571Z 994f18f9-482b-11e6-8668-53e4eab441ae GOT is off air, what do I do now?
- 2016-07-12T12:24:37.571Z 994f18f9-482b-11e6-8668-53e4eab441ae GOT is off air, what do I do now? UTC Timestamp API Gateway Request Id your log message
- organised by Function + Version
- LOG OVERLOAD
- centralise your logs
- CloudWatch Logs AWS Lambda LogStash ElasticSearch
- CloudWatch Logs AWS Lambda LogStash ElasticSearch AWS Elasticsearch
- CloudWatch Logs AWS Lambda LogStash ElasticSearch AWS Elasticsearch Elastic Cloud
- CloudWatch Logs AWS Lambda LogStash ElasticSearch AWS Elasticsearch Elastic Cloud ?
- correlation IDs
- MONITORING
- nowhere to install monitoring agents
- no time for background tasks
- • Invocation Count • Error Count • Latency (avg, min, max, sum) • Throttling • Granular to the minute • Support custom metrics
- • Same basic metrics • Better dashboard • Support custom metrics https://www.datadoghq.com/blog/monitoring-lambda-functions-datadog/
- Do It Yourself
- PRO TIP set up dashboards
- PRO TIP don’t forget to set up alarms
- PRO TIP add application-level metrics
- KEEP WARM
- functions are unloaded if idle for a while
- noticeable cold start time (package size matters)
- CloudWatch Event AWS Lambda
- CloudWatch Event AWS Lambda ping ping ping ping
- CloudWatch Event AWS Lambda ping ping ping ping
- CloudWatch Event AWS Lambda ping ping ping ping HEALTH CHECKS?
- KNOW YOUR LIMITS
- max 50 MB deployment package size
- max 50 MB deployment package size max 75 GB total deployment package size* * limit is per AWS region
- Janitor Monkey
- Janitor Lambda
- max 5 mins execution time
- max 6 MB request payload size* max 6 MB response payload size * for a request-response event type
- default max 100 concurrent executions* * soft-limit, can be raised via support ticket
- CAPEX OPEX
- fail fast fail cheaply
- IBM OpenWhisk Amazon Lambda Azure Web Functions Google Cloud Functions competition faster innovation lower prices
- @theburningmonk @theburningmonk theburningmonk.com github.com/theburningmonk
- @theburningmonk @theburningmonk theburningmonk.com github.com/theburningmonk slides at http://bit.ly/2ecqEql
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