2. INTRODUCTION
Amiodarone isaniodinatedBenzofuran.
StructurallysimilartoTHYROXINEand PROCAINAMIDE.
Itisa class-3antiarrhythmicdrugs
It was used initally as a treatment for angina pectoris.–
coronary vasodilation.
Used for the prevention and treatment of serious atrial and
ventricular arrhythmias
3. MECHANISM OF ACTION
Increases the refractory period in all cardiac tissues
Decreases automaticity of fibres in the Purkinje
system
Prolongs AV conduction
Can block potassium, sodium and calcium channels
and β receptors
7. INDICATIONS
It is primarily indicated for atrial fibrillations and
flutter.
Effective in maintaining sinus rhythm.
Not useful as prophylactic in Pt. with risk of sudden
cardiac death after MI.
It is indicated when other treatments are ineffective
or have not been tolerated esp. in recurrent life
threatening venticular arrhythmias.
8. DOSAGE AND ADMINSTRATION
Loading dosage varies from 600 to 1400 mg/day for 2
to 21 days.
Usual maintenance dose varies from 200 to 600
mg/day
Plasma concentrations of AMIDARONE are usually
b/w 1 to 2mcg/ml during effective therapy.
Levels of drug >3-4mcg/ml, for prolonged periods
of time are associated with adverse effects.
9. ADVERSE DRUG REACTION:
Dizziness
Bitter taste
Headache
Flushing
Nausea and Vomiting
Constipation
Ataxia
Weight loss
Tremor
Photosensitivity
Blue-grey skin discolouration
Pulmonary fibrosis and pneumonitis
Cough, fever
Allergic reaction
Blurred vision
10. DRUG INTERACTIONS
Amiodarone increases the plasma concentration of
digoxin
Amiodarone can result in increased plasma
concentration of Phenytoin
Amiodarone increase anticoagulant effect by
inhibiting metabolism of Warfarin.
11. ASSAY PROCEDURE:
HIGH PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY:
PRINCIPLE:
The separation of a substance depend on the
relative distribution of mixture constituents between
2 phases, a mobile phase and a stationary phase.
VOLUME USED: 0.5 -1 mL.
ADVANTAGES: Speed,efficacy, accuracy.
DISADVANTAGES: Costly, complex.
12. CONCLUSION:
Use with caution in patients with heart failure and
liver or thyroid function impairment
Avoid in patients with second or third degree AV block
and bradycardia