2. Getting Started
• Understanding the assignment
• Look for Options and Restrictions
• Relate the Assignment
• Exploring Possible Topics
• Generating Ideas
3. Document Planning Phase
• Selecting Your Topic and Title
• Deciding on Purpose
• Identify Your Audience
• Select Document’s Form
• Determine tone and style
• Determine Language Set
• Determining Thematic Question
• Writing Thesis Statement
4. Purposes of Writing
• To Inform- newspapers, memorandums, textbooks
• To Record- minutes, incident reports, case notes
• To Persuade- advertising,
• To Entertain- satire, plays, film scripts, novels
5. Focus, Research, and Gathering Phase
• Research- Finding out what you and others know
• Locating, Analyzing, and Documenting Your Sources
• Collect Relevant Material that supports your thesis
• Bibliographically record, quote and paraphrase
your found information
• Citing your Sources
6. Organization Phase
• Introduction and Conclusion
• Prioritization of Main Points
• Outline
• Review, Revise, and Reorganize
• Paragraph Skeletons
• Review, Revise, and Reorganize
• First Draft
7. Drafting
• Consider the Essentials
• Writing the Opening – Introductions
• Writing the Middle – Evidence and Support
• Writing the Ending - Conclusions and Recommendations
• Establishing Credibility and Authority
• Supplement Supporting Information
8. Revision Phase
• Read- Look for obvious mistakes
• Read again- your entire document out loud
• Revision- Organization, Logic, Flow, Mechanics, Look
• Read Again- look at rhetorical elements, content,
organization, and readable style
• Peer Edit and Proofread
• Revise, Read, Edit, and Final Draft
9. Proofreading, Editing, and Polishing
• Style
• Word Choice
• Sentence Structures
• Expand with Details
• Punctuation and Mechanics
• Usage, Grammar, Spelling
• Form and Presentation
10. Final Touches and Submission
• Pre and Post Documents
• Overall Presentation
• Overview or Gestalt
• Transmittal Documents
• Submission and Publishing
11. The Writer’s Decisions
• Selecting Your Topic and Title
• Deciding on Purpose
• Identify Your Audience
• Select Document’s Form
• Determine tone and style
• Determine Language Set
