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Building Cloud-Native Apps
Nish Anil – Sr. PM .NET Platform, Microsoft
@nishanil
Swaminathan Vetri – Technical Architect, Maersk
@svswaminathan

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Developers.. Developers.. Developers..
Visual Studio Code Visual Studio Visual Studio for Mac
Tools for AzureXamarinTypeScript

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http://dot.net/architecture http://github.com/dotnet-architecture

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Free eBooks
Coming Soon
.. and more @ http://dot.net/architecture

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• .NET Platform
• Cloud-Native philosophy
• Microservices Architecture
• Leveraging containers & orchestrators
• Getting Started with Microservices
• Key Patterns for Microservices
• Communication
• Resiliency – Designing for failure
• Healthcheck

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DESKTOP WEB CLOUD MOBILE GAMING IoT AI
.NET

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Just a few of our millions of .NET customers…
dot.net/customers

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• Build and run scalable applications in modern, dynamic environments
• Containers, service meshes, microservices, immutable infrastructure, and declarative APIs exemplify this
approach.
• Enables loosely coupled systems resilient, manageable, and observable
• Enables engineers to make high-impact changes frequently and predictably with minimal toil.
Company Experience
Netflix Has 600+ services in production. Deploys a hundred times per day.
Uber Has 1,000+ services stored in production. Deploys several thousand
builds each week.
WeChat Has 300+ services in production. Makes almost 1,000 changes per
day.
*CNCF definition
Key: Speed, Agility, & Scalability

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The 12-Factor Application – A methodology to adopt for cloud-native apps
1. Codebase
2. Dependencies
3. Configurations
4. Backing Services
5. Build, Release, Run
6. Processes
7. Port Binding
8. Concurrency
9. Disposability
10. Dev/Prod Parity
11. Logging
12. Admin Process
https://12factor.net/
https://content.pivotal.io/blog/beyond-the-twelve-factor-app

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Leveraging containers for Microservices
A container is a standard unit of software that packages up code and
all its dependencies, so the application runs quickly and reliably from
one computing environment to another.

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Azure Container Registry (ACR)
Use familiar, open-
source Docker CLI tools
Azure Container Registry
geo-replication
Manage images for all
types of containers
Manage a Docker private registry as a first-class Azure resource

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Scheduling Affinity/anti-
affinity
Health
monitoring
Failover
Scaling Networking Service
discovery
Coordinated
app upgrades
Azure Kubernetes Service (AKS)
The elements of orchestration

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https://github.com/dotnet-architecture/eShopOnContainers

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Key Patterns for Microservices
1. API Gateway vs. Direct communication
- API Gateways implementation with Ocelot / Azure API Management
2. Resilient cloud applications
- Retries with exponential backoff plus Circuit breaker policy
3. HealthCheck
…

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Direct communication vs the API Gateway pattern
Direct communication to microservices
(“NO API Gateway usage”)
Using the API Gateway pattern

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https://github.com/dotnet-architecture/eShopOnContainers

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Building resilient cloud applications

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Retries with exponential backoff

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Retries with exponential backoff

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Service Mesh tools:
• Envoy from Lyft Engineering
• Linkerd from https://buoyant.io
• Traefik from https
For example, Service Fabric Mesh uses Envoy out-of-the-box and “transparently”:
You can also use with Kubernetes but you need to implement/deploy it:
These tools provide features such as:
• Retry
• Circuit-breaking
• Latency and other metrics
• Failure- and latency-aware load balancing
• Distributed tracing
• Protocol upgrade
• Version-aware routing
• Cluster failover, etc
If using those, you don’t need an implementation of retries and circuit breaker as part of every microservice.
Instead, you will be using one as a sidecar pattern or host proxy.
Moving resilient patterns to the platform (Retries/Circuit-Breaker):

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Other Considerations..
• Communication Patterns
• Asynchronous messaging patterns
• Event driven architecture
• Data Management
• CQRS
• Deployment patterns
• Cross Cutting Concerns
• Externalized Configurations
• Service Discovery
….

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Questions Thank you