My observations about the OLPC project in India. These opinions and observations formed as I traveled across India with two OLPC XO laptops and a whole bunch of enthusiasm.

1. OLPC project and India: My observations
Sameer Verma, Ph.D.
Associate Professor
Information Systems Department
San Francisco State University
San Francisco, CA 94132 USA
Creative commons license
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3. About myself

4. Disclaimer
● I do not work for OLPC!
● Volunteer, enthusiast, researcher, developer
– Interests
● Free and Open Source Software and Content
● Internationalization/Localization
● User Interface Design
● Networks
● IT Sustainability

5. The challenge
● Culturally and politically diverse
● School vs. education
● Plenty of “strawmen”
● Rampant misinformation
● Corruption at all levels
● Remnants of colonialism

6. Education or training?
● India's IT industry
– Glorified labor (development stage of software
development life cycle)
● Skills­based (Java, .NET, SAP etc)
– Little existence of critical thinking or problem solving
in IT projects.
● Note: Indians are very creative in everyday life.
● DO NOT talk to the “Computer Teacher”
– The computer will become extra curricular

7. Diversity
● India: 28 states and 7 union territories
– The Constitution of India recognizes 22 languages
1. Assamese 9. Konkani 17. Sanskrit
2. Bengali 10. Maithili 18. Santhali
3. Bodo 11. Malayalam 19. Sindhi
4. Dogri 12. Manipuri 20. Tamil
5. Gujarati 13. Marathi 21. Telugu
6. Hindi 14. Nepali 22. Urdu
7. Kannada 15. Oriya
8. Kashmiri 16. Punjabi

8. Ethnicity and Religion
● Most do not understand (or do not wish to address)
the distinctions between religion and ethnicity, let
alone the intricacies between languages and scripts.
● Examples:
– Ramayana in Urdu/Nastaliq
– Punjabi in Nastaliq
Hinduism accounts for 80% of the population of India. The second largest
religion is Islam, at about thirteen percent of the population.
Other native Indian religions are Buddhism, Jainism, Sikhism.
About two percent of Indians adhere to Christianity. Zoroastrianism and
Judaism have an ancient history in India and each has several thousand Indian
adherents.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Religion_in_India Ramayana in Urdu

9. Khairat pilot
● Began in September 2007 in Khairat village,
District Raigad, Maharashtra, India
– http://wiki.laptop.org/go/Khairat_Chronicle
● One teacher, thirty children, one room school
● Limited electricity
● Limited Internet access (currently broken)
● Quite remote and relatively difficult to approach
from Mumbai or Pune.

10.
Khairat School. Note the “OLPC” moniker

11.
Village homes

12.
Across from the school

13.
More Khairat village homes...

14.
Everyone needs television :­)

15.
Such makeshift structures are common

16.
Going to school...

17.
Charge and work at the same time!

18.
Posing for the camera...

19.
This is my XO!

20.
The blackboard, now largely defunct. Who needs a board when you have a neighborhood!

21.
Mr. Surve takes my picture as I take his. Look closely and you'll see me on the XO screen!

22.
My name is “Suraj”

23.
She drew this in a couple of minutes

24. Someone made this drawing, then shared it with another child, who then showed it to me,
passing it off as his work! Clever :­)

25.
Resident artist!

26.
The teacher, Mr. Surve's favorite line: “Go to the neighorhood. Join the mesh”

27.
Celebrating India's Independence day with India's flag in Paint activity

28.
Learning about center of gravity from traditional tight rope walkers

29.
Taking pictures on Gandhi's birthday (2nd Oct)

30.
OLPC XO
­ Gandhi would have loved it

31.
Hanging out with the kids...

32.
Discussing trials and tribulations with the teacher

33. Khairat Photos
http://www.zooomr.com/photos/sameerverma/sets/40064/

34. Micro Deployments
● Reliance Communications
– Initiated the Khairat pilot
– Focus on micro deployments and grassroots
– Digital Bridge Foundation, part of the Dhirubhai
Ambani Knowledge Trust
● Other micro deployments
– http://wiki.laptop.org/go/OLPC_India#Current
– http://wiki.laptop.org/go/OLPC_India#Potential

35. OLPC India
● Mr. Satish Jha, President OLPC India
● http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satish_Jha
● http://laptop.org/en/utility/people/satish­jha.html
● Sales and marketing office in New Delhi
– Logistics and sales are significant challenges
– Making some headway
● Focus on large numbers (50k?)
● Donation leads to position on advisory board
– http://lists.laptop.org/pipermail/india/2008­September/000656.html

36. OLPC Advocacy in India
● Lack of understanding about OLPC.
– Most common comment: “Its a cheap laptop”
● Media misinformation (surprise, surprise!)
● Need for local translations
● Local content, short stories, imagery, cultural
and ethnic icons
– Indian national anthem in Browse, TamTamJam
Kabirdas dohas, children's short stories, etc.

37. OLPC Advocacy in India
● Piggyback on the Indian education system
– Colleges and Universities
– IITs, State Universities, Colleges
– Class projects+OLPC = Google SoC model.
● Linux User Groups
– No need to preach to the choir!
– 33 Linux User Groups
● http://www.linux.org/groups/india/

38. IT BHU
● Institute of Technology, Banaras Hindu
University
– http://www.itbhu.ac.in/
● Presentation to faculty and students in
Computer Engineering department
● Faculty were excited. May help with advocacy.
● Students with FOSS background were excited.
Others weren't sure about what the can do
● Pair up with student chapter of ACM, IEEE etc?

39. Bhagmalpur project
http://wiki.laptop.org/go/Bhagmalpur
● Location:
● Village: Bhagmalpur
● District: Jaunpur, Uttar Pradesh
● Railway Station: Shahganj
● Bus Stop: Banuwadeeh
● School:
● Classes: 1 to 8 class
● Children: 1087
● Teachers: 11
● Internet: none
● Computers: none

40. Electricity and Internet Access
● Unreliable grid
– Some times it works...
– ...mostly it doesn't
● Limited electricity
– Scheduled breaks
– Battery inverters
● Internet access is expensive
– Offline Moodle and Wikislice will be very important
– Offline content will be critical to the project's
success (currently an undersold point).

41. Under a tree model
Mesh “under a tree” model.
See slide 7 at http://wiki.laptop.org/images/a/a3/Country_Technical_Support.pdf

42. Bhagmalpur photos
Bhagmalpur School
http://www.zooomr.com/photos/sameerverma/sets/40063/
Bhagmalpur Village
http://www.zooomr.com/photos/sameerverma/sets/40075/

43. Allahabad
● Harishchandra Research Institute
– Part of the Department of Atomic Energy, India
– http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harish­Chandra_Research_Institute
● All Linux shop!
● Resident expertise
● Interested in the project

44. Hyderabad
● IEEE Computer Society
– http://www.ewh.ieee.org/r10/hyderabad/index.php?page=cschapter
● International Institute of Information Technology
– http://www.iiit.net/
● Hyderabad Linux User Group
– http://tech.groups.yahoo.com/group/ilughyd/
● Get a SIG going?

45. Hyderabad photos
http://www.zooomr.com/photos/sameerverma/sets/40740/

46. Looking Forward
● Tremendous potential
● Trojan horse approach
– E­book reader + camera, followed by Internet
access
● Who will foot the bill?
– India is not a poor country
– Its a resource distribution problem.
– Corporate Social Responsibility

47. No “ifs”, only “when”
This project must succeed

48. Contact

49. Bonus! G1G1 cards
Get yours at http://opensource.sfsu.edu/node/578

50. Bonus! G1G1 cards
Get yours at http://opensource.sfsu.edu/node/578