1.
Water Resources of India
 Annual precipitation including
snowfall.
 Water resource potential
available.
 Potential that can be put to
beneficial use
 Present water use
 4000 cubic kilometre.
 1869 cubic kilometre
 1122 cubic kilometre
 690 cu.km surface water.
 432 cu.km Ground water.
 634 cu km of which 541 cu km
is for irrigation
1

2.
Per capita water availability
Year Water availability(in m3)
1947 6008
1953 5000
1991 2200
2001 1829
2025 1340
2050 1140
1. Water availability <= 1700 m3 percapita, “Water Stress” condition.
2. Water availability <=1000 m3 percapita, “Water Scarce” condition.
3. 9 river basins with 20 crore population are already water scarce.
2

3.
Per capita storage availability in various
countries
Country Per capita availability in m3
Russia 6103.70
Australia 4733.65
Brazil 3145.08
USA 1964.07
Turkey 1739.38
Spain 1410.10
Mexico 1245.39
China 1111.82
South Africa 753.65
India 262.95 3

4.
4
Spatial variation of rainfall

5.
5
Temporal variation of rainfall
1.24 1.33
2.12
3.46
6.03
15.42
23.76
19.89
14.19
7.69
3.45
1.42
0
5
10
15
20
25
Percent

6.
Per Capita Water Availability
6
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
1951 1991 2001 2025 2050
5177
2209
1820
1341 1140
cubic
metre
per
year

7.
5177
2209
1820
1545 1341 1140
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
1951
1961
1971
1981
1991
2001
2011
2021
2031
2041
2051
2061
41865
21764
9802 8153
3343 2346 2060 1545 1396
0
10000
20000
30000
40000
50000
Water Scenario in India – contd..
Reducing per capita water
availability
Per capita water availability in m3 /year
Water stress 1700 m3/capita/year
Water scarcity 1000 m3/capita/year

8.
Water Scenario in India
0
400
800
1200
1600
2010 2025 2050
Others
Energy
Industry
Drinking Water
Irrigation
710
- Water Use Efficiency low 35 - 45%
against 50% - 60% in developed countries
Billion
Cubic
Metres
1121 BCM – Annual Average
Availability of Water
843
1180

9.
Irrigation Status
Sector
Existing
Potentia
l
Poten
tial
Creat
ed
Potenti
al
Utilize
d
Major and Medium
Irrigation
58.47 47.41 35.01
Minor Irrigation 81.43 65.12 54.25
(a) Surface
Water
17.38 15.72 12.43
(b) Ground
Water
64.05 49.40 41.82
Total 139.90 112.53 89.26
Area in million ha