5. THE OUT BURST
On 9th May 1857, on the parade
ground of Meerut, 85 Indian
troopers were court martialled.
Their Crime: -These troopers
had refused to load their rifles
with the new cartridges.
6. ABOUT THE NEW CARTRIDGE
A rumour had spread that the
new cartridge contained the
fat of cow and pig.
HINDUS COW WAS SACRED
MUSLIMS PIG MEAT WAS FOBIDDEN BY QURAN
7. SPREAD OF THE REVOLT
On 10th May 1857 men of 3rd Light Cavalry
stormed the barracks jail and released
their comrades.
Soon the Indian civilians joined the
mutineers and killed about 50 Europeans.
The news spread like wild fire. The
already simmering anger against British
burst out into a violent storm.
8. Causes of the Revolt of 1857
Political Causes
Social Causes
Religious Causes
Economic Causes
Administrative Causes
Military Causes
10. The Rani of Jhansi Laxmibai was not
allowed to adopt a son.
In case of disputed interpretation, the
decision of the East India Company was
binding & that of the court of the Directors
was final.
Regal titles of the Nawab of Carnatic &
Tanjore were abolished. The imperial title
of the Moghul Emperor was discontinued
after Bahadur Shah II.
The pension of Nana Saheb (Peshwa Baji
Rao II’s adopted son) was stopped.
37. MEERUT
9 May 1857, 85 Sepoys were court martialled.
They had refused to use new cartridges.
Next day their companions attacked the jail.
Sepoys were freed.
Officers & Europeans were killed.
Revolters headed towards Delhi.
38. On 12th May 1857, Delhi was seized by rebels.
Some Europeans were shot dead.
Bhahadur Shah II was persuaded to support.
Loss of Delhi was a prestige loss for British.
On 14th September 1857, British attacked.
On 20th September 1857, British regained Delhi.
Bahadur Shah & Zeenat Mahal fled to Humayun’s tomb.
But were followed & captured by General Hudson.
3 sons killed & the king & queen exiled to Rangoon.
The king died in 1862.
DELHI
42. Oudh annexed by Lord Dalhousie.
The Nawab of Oudh exiled to Calcutta.
But his wife Begum Hazrat Mahal and 11 year old son continued
to live in Oudh but in very poor condition.
So people of Oudh were angry.
The revolt broke out on 4th June 1857.
Henry Lawrence, the British Resident, with some Europeans with
some hundred sepoys took refuge in a Residency.
Begum seized Residency and killed Henry & some others.
In November, Sir Colin Campbell (Commander-in-Chief) attacked
with Gorkha regiment.
In March 1858, the city was finally recaptured.
The rebels driven to Nepal border to die in bad climate or
captured by Gorkhas.
OUDH (LUCKNOW)
45. Nana Sahib, the adopted son of Peshwa Baji Rao was proclaimed
the Peshwa.
He led the revolt in Kanpur with Tantia Tope, his assistant.
After a fierce battle, General Sir Hugh Wheeler surrendered on
27th June 1857.
Nana Saheb assured safe passage of British to Allahabad.
General James O’Neil (At Allahabad & Banaras) inhumanly ill-
treated Indians.
Angry Indians killed the passing British citizens.
In June 1857, The General defeated Nana Sahib.
In November 1857, Nana Sahib & Tantia Tope recaptured Kanpur
back.
On 6th December 1857 General Campbell reoccupied Kanpur.
Nana fled to Nepal (died there) and Tantia joined Rani Laxmibai.
KANPUR
48. In June 1857, the troops at Jhansi revolted.
Rani Laxmibai (widow of Raja Gangadhar Rao) declared ruler.
Tantia Tope joined her after Kanpur was lost.
On 3rd April 1858, Sir Hugh Rose recaptured Jhansi.
Laxmibai escaped to Kalpi (near Gwalior) where Tantia joined her.
Both marched to Gwalior.
Sir Hugh Rose also marched to Gwalior and captured in June
1858.
Rani died fighting bravely.
Tantia escaped southward but was betrayed by his friend Man
Singh.
Tantia was finally hanged.
JHANSI & GWALIOR
52. OTHER CENTRES OF REVOLT
Bareilly:
Khan Bahadur Khan proclaimed himself the ruler.
Bihar:
Zamindar Kunwar Singh raised the revolt
Banaras:
Banarasis organised a rebellion.
(All were subsequently suppressed by British)
54. CAUSES OF FAILURE OF THE
REVOLT
The revolt was localized and was
poorly organized.
The British had better resources than
the rebels.
The revolt was feudal in character.
The leaders lacked military skills.
The native princes did not join the
revolt.
55. MAJOR IMPACT OF THE REVOLT
… the revolt was considered to be an
awakener and the first effort towards the
freedom and independence.
…the British just considered it to be a mere military revolt.
56. IMPACT OF THE REVOLT
1) The control of Indian administration was
transferred form the company to the
crown by the GOI Act 1858
57. IMPACT OF THE REVOLT
2) The Queen promised to respect Rights &
dignity. General amnesty to all offenders
except murders.
58. IMPACT OF THE REVOLT
3) The Indian army was reorganised.
Included Sikhs, Gurkhas & Pathans.
59. IMPACT OF THE REVOLT
4) The Mughal dynasty ended with the
extinction of Bahadur Shah II & was
replaced by British Crown.
