Skip to main content
UploadLanguage (EN)Support
BusinessMobileSocial MediaMarketingTechnologyArt & PhotosCareerDesignEducationPresentations & Public SpeakingGovernment & NonprofitHealthcareInternetLawLeadership & ManagementAutomotiveEngineeringSoftwareRecruiting & HRRetailSalesServicesScienceSmall Business & EntrepreneurshipFoodEnvironmentEconomy & FinanceData & AnalyticsInvestor RelationsSportsSpiritualNews & PoliticsTravelSelf ImprovementReal EstateEntertainment & HumorHealth & MedicineDevices & HardwareLifestyle
Uploaded byjodischneider
PPTX, PDF769 views

Viewing universities as landscapes of scholarship, VIVO keynote, 2017-08-04

The document discusses viewing universities as information landscapes and proposes representing scholarly fields, departments, and resources as geographic features within a multidimensional landscape. It suggests mapping the information landscape of a university could involve considering people, organizations, spaces, activities, resources, and ideas. The landscape would interconnect with increasingly broader landscapes and could be sliced into topical areas. The goal is to develop mapping conventions to help scholars identify relevant areas of scholarship.

Technology◦
Download to read offline
Viewing universities as landscapes of scholarship Jodi Schneider @jschneider jschneider@pobox.com 2017-08-04 VIVO keynote New York, NY
Heaney’s report proposes: The information landscape can be seen as a contour map in which there are mountains, hillocks, valleys, plains and plateaux. Heaney 2000, “An Analytical Model of Collections and their Catalogues"
A large general collection of information – say a research library – can be seen as a plateau, raised above the surrounding plain. Heaney 2000
A specialized collection of particular importance is like a sharp peak. Heaney 2000 flickr: pefectfutures/3299973538/
Upon a plateau there might be undulations representing strengths and weaknesses. Heaney 2000 Heaney 2000
The scholar surveying the landscape is looking for the high places. A high point represents an area where the potential for gleaning desired information by visiting that spot (physically or by remote means) is greater than that of other areas. Heaney 2000 flickr: pefectfutures/3299973538/
To continue the analogy, the scholar is concerned at the initial survey to identify areas rather than specific features – to identify rainforest rather than to retrieve an analysis of the canopy fauna of the Amazon basin. This model attempts to characterise that initial part of the process of information retrieval. Heaney 2000, “An Analytical Model of Collections and their Catalogues"
The landscape is, however, multidimensional. Where one scholar may see a peak another may see a trough. The task is to devise mapping conventions which enable scholars to read the map of the landscape fruitfully, at the appropriate level of generality or specificity. Heaney 2000
What might the information landscape look like?
VosViewer http://www.vosviewer.com/ University collaboration map
What might the information landscape of a university cover?
The information landscape of the university would have to consider • People & Organizations • Spaces & Places • Activities & Resources • Ideas • …Maybe More?
VosViewer http://www.vosviewer.com/ Cardiology 2006-2010
Slice into topical landscapes • The information landscape of a reearch group • … of a program • … of a department • … of a college
It would interlock with increasingly larger landscapes • The information landscape of a university • … of a region • … of a nation • … of the world
Also sliced into topical landscapes • The information landscape of a subfield • … of a field • … of a mega-field
VosViewer http://www.vosviewer.com/ Patient safety 2006-2010
How do fields differ? Patient safety 2006-2010 Cardiology 2006-2010
Where are the opportunities in the field? Patient safety 2006-2010 Cardiology 2006-2010
Where are the opportunities in the field? Patient safety 2006-2010 Cardiology 2006-2010 And who is at the pinch points?
What stakeholder questions could this map help answer?
Your systems have GREAT data!
Does it provide a pathfinder for your stakeholders?
Who are YOUR stakeholders? What do they want?
Student & scholar questions • If I want to study topic X, where should I go? • Where are the best holdings (library/archive) for a given topic? • How can I track and map research for a literature review?
PI questions • I want to find a collaborator who understands topic X/paper Y. Who has co- cited between work in my field and that? • Who is working in topic X, either here or somewhere I’ve been. • Who do I know in common with person Z? • Who at my institution has already been funded on this grant program?
Collection & research management questions • What were the papers in top 10 journals published by our people last year? • What books have faculty published?
Strategic questions • What are the key areas for strategic investment? • Is the area growing? shrinking? How will external events impact that? • Are there disjoint groups working in this topic? Could and should they be bridged? • What are this unit’s peers?
Serving stakeholders • Scholarship is the unique business of the university. • Stakeholders have specific questions that come from their interactions with scholarship. • To serve stakeholders, the research information system community needs to envision what’s possible & what’s desirable for SCHOLARSHIP. • Different roles for librarians, systems developers, repository managers, ontologists.
“the scholar is concerned at the initial survey to identify areas rather than specific features” “enable scholars to read the map”
http://scimaps.org/mapdetail/a_chart_illustrating_124
http://scimaps.org/mapdetail/being_a_map_of_physi_171
What questions do YOUR stakeholders want to “read off the map”?
Needs an ECOSYTEM of data • Not just native system data • Not just MY institution
Data you own vs. data you get from others • People & Organizations • Spaces & Places • Activities & Resources • Ideas • …Maybe More?
Needs to be user-centered • Linked Data Principles • The Del.ici.ous lesson
Linked Data Principles • Linked Data Principles https://www.w3.org/DesignIssues/LinkedData.html
Linked Data Principles • Linked Data Principles https://www.w3.org/DesignIssues/LinkedData.html 1. Use URIs as names for things 2. Use HTTP URIs so that people can look up those names. 3. When someone looks up a URI, provide useful information, using the standards (RDF*, SPARQL) 4. Include links to other URIs. so that they can discover more things. - Tim Berners-Lee
Linked Data Principles • Linked Data Principles https://www.w3.org/DesignIssues/LinkedData.html 1. Use URIs as names for things 2. Use HTTP URIs so that people can look up those names. 3. When someone looks up a URI, provide useful information, using the standards (RDF*, SPARQL) 4. Include links to other URIs. so that they can discover more things. - Tim Berners-Lee
Linked Data Principles How interlinked is your data? https://www.w3.org/DesignIssues/LinkedData.html
The Del.ici.ous lesson http://bokardo.com/archives/the-delicious-lesson/
The Del.ici.ous lesson “The one major idea behind the Del.icio.us Lesson is that personal value precedes network value. What this means is that if we are to build networks of value, then each person on the network needs to find value for themselves before they can contribute value to the network. In the case of Del.icio.us, people find value saving their personal bookmarks first and foremost. All other usage is secondary.” – Joshua Porter http://bokardo.com/archives/the-delicious-lesson/
The Del.ici.ous lesson What does your data do for the individual? … the research group? … the department? … the field? http://bokardo.com/archives/the-delicious-lesson/
Mapping knowledge claims & evidence
“[Y]ou can transform a fact into fiction or a fiction into fact just by adding or subtracting references” - Bruno Latour
... two miRNAs, miRNA-372 and-373, function as potential novel oncogenes in testicular germ cell tumors by inhibition of LATS2 expression, which suggests that Lats2 is an important tumor suppressor (Voorhoeve et al., 2006). Raver-Shapira et.al, JMolCell 2007 miR-372 and miR-373 target the Lats2 tumor suppressor (Voorhoeve et al., 2006) Yabuta, JBioChem 2007: As claims get cited, they become facts: To investigate the possibility that miR-372 and miR-373 suppress the expression of LATS2, we... Therefore, these results point to LATS2 as a mediator of the miR-372 and miR-373 effects on cell proliferation and tumorigenicity, Voorhoeve et al, Cell, 2006: Hypothesis Implication Cited Implication Fact Slide credit: Anita DeWaard: 'Stories that persuade with data' - talk at CENDI meeting January 9 2014 https://www.slideshare.net/anitawaard/stories-that-persuade-with-data-talk-at-cendi-meeting-january- 9-2014/6
“The conversion of hypothesis to fact through citation alone.” - Stephen Greenberg
Greenberg, Steven A. "Understanding belief using citation networks." Journal of evaluation in clinical practice 17.2 (2011): 389-393. http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1111/j.1365- 2753.2011.01646.x
“The conversion of hypothesis to fact through citation alone.” - Stephen Greenberg Greenberg, Steven A. "How citation distortions create unfounded authority: analysis of a citation network." BMJ 339 (2009): b2680. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.b2680
Funded grants with citation bias & citation distortion. Greenberg, Steven A. "How citation distortions create unfounded authority: analysis of a citation network." BMJ 339 (2009): b2680. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.b2680
Modeling arguments and evidence
https://dvcs.w3.org/hg/rdf/raw-file/default/rdf-primer/index.html
SEPIO – evidence lines Brush, Matthew, Kent Shefchek, and Melissa Haendel. "SEPIO: a semantic model for the integration and analysis of scientific evidence." International Conference on Biomedical Ontology and BioCreative. 2016. http://ceur-ws.org/Vol-1747/IT605_ICBO2016.pdf “A proposition has_evidence one or more evidence lines, which have_supporting_data one or more data items used in evaluation of the proposition’s truth.”
SEPIO – evidence lines example Brush, Matthew, Kent Shefchek, and Melissa Haendel. "SEPIO: a semantic model for the integration and analysis of scientific evidence." International Conference on Biomedical Ontology and BioCreative. 2016. http://ceur-ws.org/Vol-1747/IT605_ICBO2016.pdf “A simplified account of existing evidence related to this proposition is presented below, presenting summaries of five evidence lines (E1-E5) from five studies relevant to the classification of the variant for Fabry Disease: E1. Six affected individuals with the variant were found to have reduced GLA enzyme activity. E2. The variant was absent from 528 unaffected controls. E3. The variant is predicted to cause abnormal splicing that inserts additional sequence. E4. Pedigree analyses showed Fabry Disease phenotypes segregating with the variant. E5. Population databases show high frequency of individuals homozygous for the variant.”
SEPIO – evidence lines example Brush, Matthew, Kent Shefchek, and Melissa Haendel. "SEPIO: a semantic model for the integration and analysis of scientific evidence." International Conference on Biomedical Ontology and BioCreative. 2016. http://ceur-ws.org/Vol-1747/IT605_ICBO2016.pdf “A simplified account of existing evidence related to this proposition is presented below, presenting summaries of five evidence lines (E1-E5) from five studies relevant to the classification of the variant for Fabry Disease: E1. Six affected individuals with the variant were found to have reduced GLA enzyme activity. E2. The variant was absent from 528 unaffected controls. E3. The variant is predicted to cause abnormal splicing that inserts additional sequence. E4. Pedigree analyses showed Fabry Disease phenotypes segregating with the variant. E5. Population databases show high frequency of individuals homozygous for the variant.”
Modeling arguments and evidence
SEE Bö̈ lling, Christian, Michael Weidlich, and Hermann-Georg Holzhütter. "SEE: structured representation of scientific evidence in the biomedical domain using Semantic Web techniques." Journal of Biomedical Semantics 5.1 (2014): 1.
SEE Bö̈ lling, Christian, Michael Weidlich, and Hermann-Georg Holzhütter. "SEE: structured representation of scientific evidence in the biomedical domain using Semantic Web techniques." Journal of Biomedical Semantics 5.1 (2014): 1.
Modeling arguments and evidence
Micropublications Clark, Tim, Paolo N. Ciccarese, and Carole A. Goble. "Micropublications: a semantic model for claims, evidence, arguments and annotations in biomedical communications." Journal of Biomedical Semantics 5.28 (2014). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/2041-1480-5-28
Jodi Schneider, Paolo Ciccarese, Tim Clark, Richard D. Boyce. “Using the Micropublications ontology and the Open Annotation Data Model to represent evidence within a drug-drug interaction knowledge base.” Linked Science at ISWC 2014 http://ceur-ws.org/Vol-1282/lisc2014_submission_8.pdf
Mapping knowledge claims & evidence
Where are the opportunities in the field? Patient safety 2006-2010 Cardiology 2006-2010 And who is at the pinch points?
Together we can have a fuller view of our information landscape • People & Organizations • Spaces & Places • Activities & Resources • Ideas • …Maybe More?
Heaney 2000
• What would a “Connected Graph of Scholarship” do, that we can’t do now?