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The Effect of Acids and Bases on the Tensile Strength of Fibres.

This document presents a study on the effect of acids and bases on the tensile strength of various fibers, including cotton, wool, and nylon. The results indicate that alkalies reduce the tensile strength of wool, while acids decrease the strength of cotton but have no effect on nylon. The experiment involved soaking fibers in sodium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid to observe changes in tensile strength.

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Study on The Effect of Acids and Bases on the Tensile Strength of Fibres Submitted By:- Name-Vansh Patil Std-11th Section-C Roll no.-S11C36 Submitted To:- Ms. Komal Ma’am Chemistry Subject Teacher
Index • Certificate • Acknowledgement • Introduction • Aim • Requirements • Procedure • Observation Table • Results • Precautions
Certificate It is hereby certified that original and genuine research work is carried out to investigate about the subject matter and the related data collection has been completely solely and satisfied by Vansh Patil regarding the project titled Study on THE EFFECT OF ACIDS AND BASES ON THE TENSILE STRENGTH OF FIBRES
Acknowledgement I owe my thanks to our principal for providing laboratory facilities and for her valuable guidance. A lot of thanks to my chemistry teacher Komal Mam/Vijayalakshmi Mam who encouraged me in doing this project successfully and provided the required apparatus to perform my project work. Name : Vansh
Introduction Fibers differ in their chemical composition and strength. the most important property of these fibers is their strength. The fibre should not break while being woven and should be durable when the cloth made from it is used for wearing. Another important factor is that it should not be easily affected by air, water, alkalis and acids because these are the factors which adversely affect the strength of fibres. The strength of fibres is expressed in terms of tensile strength. Tensile Strength is measured in terms of the minimum weight required to break the fibre.
Aim To find the effect of acids and alkalies on Tensile strength of cotton, wool and nylon
Requirements Hook, Weight Hanger, Weights, Cotton, Wool and Nylon fibres, Sodium Hydroxide solution and Hydrochloric acid.
Procedure • Cut out equal lengths of cotton, wool and silk threads from given samples. The threads should be of nearly the same thickness. • Determine the Tensile Strength of each Fibre. • Soak a given thread(say wool thread) into a dilute solution of sodium hydroxide for about 5 minutes. • Take it out of sodium hydroxide solution and wash it thoroughly with water and dry in sun or in oven at 40°C. • Determine again the tensile strength of woollen thread. • Now take another piece of wool thread and soak it in dilute hydrochloric acid for about 5 minutes. Take it out and wash thoroughly with water. Dry it and again determine its Tensile Strength. • Repeat the above procedure for the samples of cotton and nylon fibres.
Observation Table S.no. Type of Fibre Before Soaking After soaking in sodium hydroxide After Soaking in dilute hydrochloric acid 1 Cotton 750 g 700 g 750 g 2 Wool 75 g 75 g 50 g 3 Nylon 375 g 375 g 375 g
Results • Alkalies decrease the tensile strength of woolen fibre, but acids practically do not affect this fibre. • Tensile strength of cotton thread is decreased by acids, and it remains unaffected by alkalies. • Nylon fibre is practically unaffected by both acids and alkalies.
Precautions • Thread must be of identical diameters. • Always take the same length of the threads. • Add the weights in small amounts very slowly.
The Effect of Acids and Bases on the Tensile Strength of Fibres.