STRESS MANAGEMENT.pptx

STRESS MANAGEMENT.pptx

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  PRESENTED BY :
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  S T RE S S M N M G A A E E N T
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  INTRODUCTION DEFINITION OBJECTIVES CONCEPTS OF STRESS TYPESSTRESS AND STRESSOR MODELS OF STRESS MANAGEMENT STRESS MANAGEMENT ROLE OF NURSE IN STRESS MANAGEMENT SOURCES OF STRESS STRESS CYCLE ADVANTAGE AND DISADVANTAGE
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  INTRODUCTION Right from thetime of the birth till the last breath drawn, an individual is invariably exposed to various stressful situations. The modern world of achievement is also a world of stress and has been called the “Age of Stress”.
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  DEFINITION STRESS  Stress isdefined as "any process, either in the external environment or within an individual that demands a response from the individual". -Engel (1962) STRESSOR  Stressor can be any stimulus that causes an individual to exprience stress.
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  CONCEPTS OF STRESS •Stress is a physical and emotional state always present in the person as a result of living: it is intensified in a non specific response to an internal or external environmental change or threat.
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  STRESS CYCLE
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  TYPES of stress Type- 1 Type - 2
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  The optimal amountof stress, which helps to promote health and growth. eg: praise from a teacher for a well-written assingment. 1.Eustress
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  2.Distress Stress due toan excess of adaptive demands placed upon us. The demands are so great that they lead to bodily and mental damage. eg: unexpected death of a loved one.
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  TYPES of stressors E.Genetic or immune disorders A. Chemical agents B. Physical agents D. Nutrition imbalances C. Infectious agent 1. Physiological stressors
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  2. Psychological stressors A.Accidents can cause stress for the victim, the person who caused the accident and the families of both F. Rapid changes in our world, including economic and political structures and technology B. Stressful experiences of family members and friends C. Fear of aggression or from others such as murder, rape, terrorist and attacks. E. Developmental and life events D. Events that we see on T.V. such as awar,earthquake, violence CONT....
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  SOURCES OF STRESS Environmental stressors SOURCES Changeof any kind can induce stress Individual personality that can induce stress Physiological stressors Social stressor
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  STRESS MANAGEMENT Stress managementinvolves the use of coping strategies in response to stressful situations. Coping strategies are adoptive when they protect the individual from the harm strengthen the individual's ability to meet challenging situations.
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  MODELS OF STRESSMANAGEMENT 1.STIMULUS BASED MODELS 2.PSYCHOSOMATIC MODEL 3.THE SYSTEM MODEL 4.TRANSACTION BASED MODEL 5.RESPONSE BASED MODEL 6.STRESS ADAPTATION MODEL
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  1. STIMULUS BASEDMODELS • It proposed that life changes (LIFE EVENTS) or (STRESSORS), either positive or negative, are stressors that tax the adaptation capacity of an individual, causing physiological and psychological strains that lead to health problems. - Holmes and Rahes advanced this theory.
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  2. PSYCHOSOMATIC MODEL •The disease created by the mind leading to different illness. Person may suppress the anger and eventually develop the mental dysfunction of depression. • Emotional stress leads to physiological stress and results in psychosomatic illness.
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  3. THE SYSTEMMODEL • Stress response is here defined as carrying six components. i. Environmental stimuli - Some environmental stimuli activate stress response as a direct consequence of their physical or biochemical properties. ii. Cognitive-Affective domain - The individual's interpretation of the environment gives rise to most of the stress reactions.. iii. Neurological triggering mechanisms - The limbic system and the hypothalamic nuclei are the anatomical site for the integration of sensory cognitive, affective activity.
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  iv. The physiologicalstress response axis - Stress response occurs sequentially along the neurological, neuro endocrine and endocrine axes and results in neural and hormonal activity directed at target organs. v. Coping - In this final phase of stress response. vi. Target organ effects - If coping are unsuccessful and arousal is either excessive or prolonged, the physiological process of stress response is likely to lead to target organ dysfunction or disease.
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  4. TRANSACTION BASEDMODEL • It is based on the works of Lazarus (1966) who states that stimulus theory and response theory do not consider individual differences. • It encompasses a set of cognitive, affective and adaptive responses that arises out of person environment transactions. • Effective preventive and health promotion strategies can be planned based on this model.
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  5. RESPONSE BASEDMODEL • This model emphasizes the common physiological consequences of stressful situation. It is represented in the well-known theory of Hans Selye. It is similar to the “Fight or Flight” response, which occurs in situation that perceived as very threatening. • The response is a physiological one in which arousal of the sympathetic nervous system results in many physiological and somatic changes and finally disruption of homeostasis.
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  6. STRESS ADAPTATIONMODEL • The model was given by Gail Stuart so it is called Stuart stress adaptation model. • It integrates biological, socio-cultural, psychological, environmental and legal ethical aspects of patient care into a unified frame work for practice.
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  a) Local adaptationsyndrome: It is a localized response of body to stress and it involves only specific body part (tissues, organs) instead of the whole body. b) General adaptation syndrome: It describes body's general response to stress. 1. Alarm reaction 2. Resistance 3.Exhaustion CONT....
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  ROLE OF NURSEIN STRESS MANAGEMENT • Increasing the client awareness as an actual or potential health problem exit. • To support the client through the process of change, and co-operation with the treatment. • When client becomes aware of the nature of the health problem and is told of the change needed, he often experiences a feeling of anxiety, depression and anger. • Family members also need accurate information about the nature of the disorder, and how they can help the client in coping with stress.
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  ADVANTAGE - Improve jobperfomance - Less stress - Improve attitude - Improve health condition - More effective all works - Healthy life
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  - Job perfomancePoor - Increase stress - Mentally down - Affect health condition - Chronic disease DISADVANTAGE
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  KEYS KEYS KEYS
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  Effectiveness of stressmanagement skills training on academic vitality and psychological well-being of college students Objective: Carrying out the appropriate psychological interventions to improve vitality and mental well-being is critical. The study was carried out to review the effectiveness of stress management training on the academic life and mental well-being of the students of Shahed University. Methodology: The method used was quasi-experimental with a pretest-posttest plan and control group. Therefore, a total of 40 students of Shahed University of Tehran were selected by a convenience sampling method and were organized into two groups:experimental and control group.
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  • Both groupswere pretested by using an academic vitality inventory and an 84-question psychological well-being inventory. Then, the experimental group received stress management skills training for ten sessions, and the control group did not receive any intervention. Next, both groups were post-tested, and the data were analyzed with SPSS-21 software by using descriptive and inferential statistical methods. • Findings: The findings showed that the stress management skills training significantly contributed to promoting the academic vitality and psychological well-being of students (p < 0.001). • Conclusions: It was concluded from this research that teaching the methods for dealing with stress was an effective strategy to help students exposed to high stress and pressure, and this was due to its high efficiency, especially when it was held in groups, had a small cost, and it was accepted by the individuals.
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  Summary
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  CONCLUSION Managing stress canhelp reduce the stress and make you feel more healthier. We have to remember that we can not change the view of others but prepare ourselves to prove our point. No one is perfect so don not underestimate yourself. Always try to practice out for different relaxation techniques. Always think positively and keep a positive attitude. It is better to embrace the challenge rather than avoid it or behave as if nothing had happened.
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  • Sullivan ElanorJ, Decker Philip J. Effective leadership and management in nursing.Addison Wesley; 1997 • Barret jean. Ward management and teaching. New Delhi, Konark publishers; 1994 • Ann R L. Basic concepts of psychiatric mental health nursing. 7th edition. Philadelphia.Lippincott;1997 • R.Shreevani, Guide To Mental Health And Psychiatric Nursing., 3rd Edition, Pg No:259 • Lalit Batra, Mental Health For Nursing, PEEPEE Publishers, Pg No:31 • Jogindar Vati, Principles And Practices Of Nursing Management And Administration For B.Sc. And M.Sc. Nursing, JAYPEE Publication, Pg No: 532-535 • Soulliere, Jessica (2010). Top 10 health concerns for kids, Obesity, stress, teen pregnancy worsening UMNS Retrieved from http://www2.med.umich.edu/prmc/media/newsroom/details.cf ID-1682.
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  C U TE