Statistics can be used to analyze data and help with decision making. It allows comparison of quantities, estimation of unknown values, and explanation of past events. Data is information used for analysis. Statistics helps solve problems by allowing analysis of academic performance through report cards, weather predictions to plan outdoor activities, and comparing exchange rates to get the best value when converting currency. Statistical instruments like surveys are used to collect needed data, and should have an introduction, respondent profile questions, and relevant questions to answer the survey topic.

1. Statistics

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Statistics
is the science of collecting,
organizing, interpreting, and
analyzing data. It is very important
because it has many applications in
the society.

4. What are the uses of
statistics?
Statistics aids in decision making. This includes the
following purposes.
1. It allows comparison of quantities
2. It provides estimation of unknown quantities
3. It gives explanation to actions that has taken place

5. What is Data?
Data are units of information, often numeric,
recorded and used for the purpose of analysis.
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6. How can
statistics solve
problems?
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7. Luisito , a grade 7 student would like to know if his
academic performance improved from 1st quarter to
2nd quarter. He decided to ask his adviser to show him
his report card.
Situation 1: Academic Performance
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Based on the data on the report card,
1. Did Luisito perform with improvement in the second
quarter?
2. What data on the report card will prove that Luisito
performed better?,
3. What is the purpose of the grade average? ,

8. Melinda and her high school friends will attend a 3-day field trip
to Manila. As they are planning for the trip, Melinda would like
to know if the weather will be fair for the next 3 days. She
decided to watch the local weather news.
Situation 2: Weather Reports
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Based on the weather report,
1. If the 3-day trip will start on Friday, how will you
describe the upcoming weather?
2. What does 40% chance of precipitation for the
next 3 days mean?
3. Is it important to know the weather conditions
during outdoor activities?

9. Mrs. Flores has just claimed a remittance from her bank
account amounting to 100 US dollars. She would like to
convert the money to pesos. The following exchange rates
were posted in front of her bank and the other is in a
money-exchange office.
Situation 3: Exchange Rates
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Based on the data,
1. Which will Mrs. Flores choose, the rate offered by the
bank or the money changer? Why?
2. If the money changer is located a ride away that
will cost her to spend P150, will it still be a better
decision to convert the money to the money
changer?
3. Is it important that you compare the exchange
rates of money changers?

10. From the Problems given, we can say that there are many
functions or uses of Statistics, and the following are some of
them.
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Functions or Uses of Statistics
A. Statistics helps in providing a better understanding and exact
description of a phenomenon of nature.
B. Statistics helps in proper and efficient planning of a statistical inquiry
in any field of study.
C. Statistics helps in collecting appropriate quantitative data.
D. Statistics helps in presenting complex data in a suitable tabular and
graphic form for an easy and clear comprehension of the data.
E. Statistics helps in drawing valid inferences, along with a measure of
their reliability about the population parameters from the sample data.

11. How can we get the needed data?
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Statistical Instrument

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Note: Your Survey questionnaire should have the 3 main parts.
Introduction – This gives the respondent the SURVEY TOPIC (or
what the survey is all about) and what to do with the survey.
Profile of Respondents - This Part I of the survey asks the
respondent certain important personal details. Some of which can be
optional, that is, the respondent is allowed not to give that particular
information such as Name.
Question to answer - This Part II is the list of question items which
can be open-ended questions like nos. 1 and 2 or with check boxes
like no. 3.
NOTE: The questions should be RELEVANT and should ask for
information that will answer the SURVEY TOPIC, or let us say,
questions should be coherent to the Survey Topic.