SelfLearningModule_PrototypeLessonsinLanguageStructureandProcessing_PadreGarcia_Awatin_2024.pdf

Prototype Lessons in
Language Structure and
Processing
Learner’s Module
8

PREFACE
Prototype Lessons in Language Structure and Processing 8 is a
resource that aims to meet the learning gaps of students specifically the
unmastered learning competencies. It focuses on language structure that
consists verb tenses, context clues, affixes and language processing that
involves fluency and accuracy. It highlights the Most Essential Learning
Competencies which are :
• EN8V-If-6: determine the meaning of words and expressions that
reflect the local culture by noting context clues,
• EN8SS-IIIg-1.6.4: use modal verbs, nouns and adverbs appropriately,
and use a range of verbs, adjectives and adverbs to convey emotional
response or reaction to an issue to persuade, and
• Uncoded : deliver a self-composed speech using all the needed speech
conventions.

TABLE OF CONTENTS
I. Language Structure
A. Language Patterns and Structure
Lesson 1 Verb Tenses...……………………………………...1
Activity 1 Crave and Burp!.........................................4
Activity 2 Safety First………………………………………….6
B. Word Meanings
Lesson 2 Using Context Clues……………………………..7
Activity 1 Getting To Know Them………………………….9
Activity 2 Market day! ……………………………………….11
Lesson 3 Using Structure Clues to Complete
Sentences (Prefixes, Roots, Suffixes)……………….13
Activity 1 Qualities to be Praised………………………….17
Activity 2 Progress is in!...........................................18
II. Language Processing
Lesson 4 Fluency and Accuracy………………………….20
Activity 1 Kasiya-siya Areng Padre Garcia……………….22
Activity 2 Oh My Cow!................................................23
Activity 3 Lights, Camera, Commercial…………………...25
Activity 4 Booming Livelihood……………………………..26

Verbs like other parts of
speech have qualities or
attributes.
These qualities are person and number, tense, voice, and
mood or mode.
Person denotes the speaker, (first person), the one spoken to,
(second person) and the one spoken of (third person) while number
denotes whether the subject is singular and plural.
Tense on the other hand, deals with the time of actions and
these are simple tenses and perfect tenses.
Simple tenses are those appearing in constructions not
marked for either progressive or perfect aspect. The simple tenses are
present, past and future.
1
A. Language Patterns and Structure
I. Language Structure

1. Present tense are actions that happen regularly or that
permanently happening.
Examples:
 My friends play volleyball.
 Every summer, they visit their grandparents in the province.
 Padre Garcia is the Cattle Trading Capital of the Philippines.
 I study at Pansol Integrated National High School.
 They eat delectable halo halo.
2. Simple past tense are verbs that show actions that took place in
the past.
Examples:
 The farmer bought a carabao in Padre Garcia.
 Yesterday, we went to my uncle’s farm.
 Last week’s seminar was a success one.
 My cousin ate sisig last night.
 Last month, they spent vacation in Brgy. Bukal.
3. Simple future tense are verbs that show actions that have not
taken place yet, but that will take place in the future.
Examples:
 The group will stay here for a vacation.
 I will meet her tomorrow.
 Shall I close the door?
 They will practice basketball on the court.
 Will I cook food for them?
2

Perfect tenses are used to denote the circumstance of an
action’s being complete at a certain time. The three perfect tenses are
present perfect, past perfect, future perfect.
1. Present perfect tense shows actions that were finished recently or
ones that were completed at an indefinite time in the past. These
use has or have.
Examples:
 My classmates have answered their assignment
 The farmer has watered the crops.
 She has organized the program.
 Parents have attended the school's orientation.
2. Past perfect tense shows actions that came directly before an
action in the past. These use had.
Examples:
 I had played guitar.
 The visitors had seen his performance.
 Cedric had gone home.
 Rosette had counseled the youth.
3. Future perfect tense shows actions that will happen before other
future actions happen. These use will have and shall have.
Examples:
 By the end of this day, I will have watched almost three
movies.
 They will have joined the contest.
 I shall have informed you about the symposium.
 We will have finished reading the book.
3

Directions: Give the correct verb called for in each sentence. Write
your answer on the blank.
1. The best halo-halo I _________(try) so far is Jhun and Ana Special
Halo-halo in Padre Garcia.(present perfect)
2. Every weekend, Rose Ann _________(eat) in ‘D Original Chedeng’s
Halo-Halo which offers not only halo-halo but also breakfast meals.
(present tense)
3. Frappe in He Brews, near town proper__________ (buy) by my
husband.(past perfect)
4. TM Lomi House Inc. in Brgy. Castillo ____________(visit) by my
colleagues. (future perfect)
4
bit.ly/3Kt9FNa (Retrieved January 17,
2023)
bit.ly/42V6rJz (Retrieved January 17, 2023)

5. Kambingan Sa Ruzville serves variety of goat dishes and
some lutong Bahay that _________ (satisfy) your cravings.
(future tense)
6. Pretty mommies _________ (talk) about the pageant while
eating their favorite burger in Malou’s House of Burger
located at Brgy. Pansol. (present perfect)
7. Meat & Bones Republic that serves combo platter
_____________(dine) by my family. (past perfect)
8. My friends _________ (invite) me to hang out in 16.19 Garage
Resto Bar and it was cool. (past tense)
9. I ___________ (crave) for pizza so I ask him to go to
Princess Lea Pizza Café located in Padre Garcia.
(present perfect)
10. By the end of this day, street foods _________________
(sell) by my sister in night market (future perfect )
5
https://bit.ly/3ZR34jZ (Retrieved January 17, 2023)

Directions: Match the following sentences to its appropriate verb
form. Write the letter of your answer on the blank before each number.
A. future tense
B. past perfect tense
C. present perfect tense
D. present tense
E. past tense
6
bit.ly/42Z1ZcE (Retrieved April 27, 2017)
______1. Mayor Michael Angelo Rivera, the
PNP and Legislative members had
discussed the pre-disaster
assessment for typhoon.
______2. The municipality uses Padre Garcia
Central School as evacuation center
after the typhoon Karen.
______3. Due to typhoon, the Local
Government Unit of the municipality
of Padre Garcia, together with
barangay officials led the force
evacuation of affected families in
Banaba West.
______4. The Municipal mayor will
encourage people to cooperate the
Clean-Up drive in the community.
______5. Along Calle Road, the mayor has
installed street lights.

A wide vocabulary
will enable to express
oneself more clearly and
put across message more
effectively.
Unfamiliar words encountered will not be difficult because these
will find clues to the meaning of these words in the sentence or
paragraph where they are used. These clues help the reader to expand
his vocabulary and grasp the meaning of the sentence or passage. In
other words, words occur in context. The context of a word is the
sentence or group of sentences in which the word appears.
B. Word Meanings
7

C o n t e x t c l u e s a r e i n f o r m a t i o n s u c h a s
a definition, synonym, antonym, or example that appears near
a word or phrase and offers direct or indirect suggestions about
its meaning. These are hints found within a sentence, paragraph, or
passage that help a reader understand the meanings of new or
unfamiliar words.
Examples:
1. He is a greenhorn, that is, a beginner in cattle business.
2. As I visited the town, I observed people’s demeanor like
being disciplined, kind, and courteous.
3. Crops were abundant in Brgy. Cawongan that’s why farmers
had plentiful harvest.
4. Aries, an experienced farmer , handled the carabao with
dexterity.
5. A sumptuous feast was prepared in the town fiesta.
6. The food is served with garnish, which is pleasing to
the eyes.
7. They enjoy swimming in the Panikitan River, located in Brgy.
Bawi, because it is free from noxious materials. It is safe from
pesticides and other cleaning agents.
8

Directions: Choose the meaning of the underlined word in the sentence
through context clues. Write the letter of your answer on the space
provided before the number.
______1. Mayor Michael Angelo Rivera is really suave, he has ability
to handle any social situation politely.
a. able to speak more than one language
b. handsomely stylish
c. energetic
d. agreeably smooth and courteous
______2. Vice Mayor Noel Cantos is a magnanimous man who is
respected in town for his spirited and effort on behalf of
education.
a. unsuccessful
b. noble in mind and heart
c. wealthy, affluent
d. bitter and angry
_______3. Fr. Vicente Garcia’s faint photograph which exhibits in
town hall shows a handsome mestizo.
a. mixed Spaniards
b. white complexion
c. wholly indigenous
d. tourist
9

______4. Although most aged in town, Conchita Matibag, 105 years old,
can still manage herself.
a. oldest
b. superior
c. first
d. important
______5. The town mayor loathes scattered wastes so he made an
ordinance to maintain the cleanliness of the place.
a. picks
b. dislikes
c. cares
d. ignores
Mayor Rivera as he talked to his constituents
about proper segregation of trashes
https://bit.ly/42Z1ZcE
(Retrieved April 26, 2017)
Mayor Rivera himself, initiated his
cleanliness campaign as he sweeps
the street.
10
Leading by example. Mayor Rivera as he
sweeps the trashes in the street.
https://bit.ly/3KqomPT
(Retrieved April 26, 2017)

Directions: Read the following dialogue carefully. Choose the meaning
of the underlined word in each statement through context clues. Write
your answer on the blank.
Situation: Aries traveled from Manila to Padre Garcia to visit his
cousins, Chester and Bryan. On his way to town proper, he was so
curious why there was traffic that day.
Chester: Hello cousin, welcome home! How’s your travel?
Aries: Oh, I got heavy traffic in town.
Chester: I forgot to tell you it’s Friday, it’s cattle market day!
Aries: Yes, but as far I know, it’s Rosario, which market day is set on
Friday.
disgusting spacious determination
unheroic agree with
11
bit.ly/3nInhed (Retrieved April 27, 2017)

Chester: Padre Garcia’s market day is set every Friday to coincide
with that of Rosario’s, not to rival but to improve each other’s
market. ___________________
Aries: Really! I want to know more who made an effort for this cattle
market.
Bryan: No problem, I can tell you that. Former officials of 1960 are
full of vigor, perseverance and dedication in conceptualizing plan for
the growth and development of the Cattle Market. _______________
Aries: Sounds interesting, I want to see that area, what particular
area is it located?
Bryan: A capacious area is given to auction market in the town
proper near the wet market area. It has given big space for sellers
and buyers of cows. _______________
Aries: Thank you cousins for that information. I’m very sure, the
auction market gives repugnant smell coming from cows’ and
carabao’s solid waste. ________________
Chester: (Laughs) Yeah, but for many it smells income!
Auctioneers as they look for cows to buy in the cattle
Rodeo as part of the celebration of Kabakahan Festival.
12
https://www.shutterbug.com/content/tango-0
Retrieved January 10, 2023)
bit.ly/3U3pLQA (Retrieved January 10, 2023)

English is a living, growing
language; new words are
constantly being added.
English words come from
many sources.
Some come from dead language Latin, and others come from
ancient Greek. Knowing the words and parts of words borrowed from
Latin and Greek can help to understand the meanings of many
English words.
The three word parts that offer clues to the meaning of a word
are the root, the prefix, and the suffix.
13

A root word is the primary lexical unit of a word and also called
base word. This root word does not have a prefix in front of the word or
a suffix at the end of the word.
ROOTS MEANING WORD
aqua water aquatic
aud sound auditorium, audible
biblio book bibliography
bio life biography
cap take, seize capture, captivate
chrom- color chromatic
fac make, do manufacture,
factory
geo earth geology
graph writing, printing biography
port carry portable, transport
14

A prefix is one or more syllables placed at the beginning of a
based word or a root to make a new word. You can make many new
words simply by adding a prefix to a base word. The meaning of a
prefix will help to figure out the meaning of an unfamiliar word.
PREFIX MEANING EXAMPLE
-il not illegal
dis- The opposite of discourage
extra outside extraterrestial
pre- before prepaid
mal- bad, wrong malnourised
de- down, off, away from deactivate
inter- between, among intervene
macro- large, prominent macroeconomics
mono- one, single, alone monologue
un- not, lacking,
opposite of
unfriendly
15

A suffix is one or more syllables placed at the end of a base
word or a root.
Suffixes change the function as well as the meaning of a word.
When a suffix is added, the spelling of the base word or the root may
change.
SUFFIX MEANING EXAMPLE
-ate become regulate
-acy state or quality privacy
-dom place or state or
being
freedom
-er,-or one who trainer, protector
-ism doctrine, belief communism
-ist one who chemist
-ment condition of endorsement
-ship position held ownership
-sion, -tion state of being concession,
transition
-ish having the quality of childish
16

Directions: Find the words with prefix or suffix being defined which
best describe the people in Padre Garcia. Write the root word and its
affixes in the blank provided.
1. Saying “po” and “opo” and doing “mano po”.
2. Find ingenious ways of using what they have to solve prob-
lems.
3. Don’t like to waste anything and careful of what they have to
use for a long time.
4. Working together with the same goal.
5. Showing lot of energy or physical force on duties.
Root Word Affixes (Prefix/Suffix) Word Formed
1. ______________ _________________ ______________
2. ______________ _________________ ______________
3. ______________ _________________ ______________
4. ______________ _________________ ______________
5. ______________ _________________ ______________
17
R C O O P E R A T I O N
F E N E R G E T I C A T
R A S A R I S O L S A W
U R A P H E I N D R T I
G I C R E A T I V E S N
A E R M O C M M Y D A D
L S M D Y A T R I E S A
I Y A E I R A F N T A W
T S R A W W A T U N H Y
Y A Y C I N T H S L M A

Directions: Choose the letter from the given options that best
completes each sentence. Write your answer on the space provided
before each number.
________1. Garcianos use a ____________of motivation and hard work to
achieve their dreams.
A. Successful
B. combination
C. handful
D. useful
_______2. Bughao shows his _______________ talent in mural painting
contest in which won first placer.
A. incomparable
B. malefactor
C. inspection
D. suspicious
_______3. Panikitan River which
featured on Bughao’s
mural painting seems
_____________.
A. vivacious
B. verisimilar
C. fortress
D. overcast
18

________4. Silver Arrow found in Tangob, Padre Garcia, ___________ of
mosquito net, pillow, blanket etc. offers quality products.
A. benefactor
B. manufacturer
C. discoverer
D. pioneer
________5. First college school will be built in Castillo, Padre Garcia
through the help and ________ of government officials and Garcianos.
A. beautification
B. exertion
C. destruction
D. interposed
bit.ly/40QQtPf (Retrieved April 26, 2017)
19

A speaker who is fluent sounds natural and delivers his
message with expression.
Fluency means the smoothness or flow with which sounds,
syllables, words and phrases are joined together when speaking
quickly.
To be a fluent speaker, one must know what fluidity and
phrasing are. These are some features of fluency.
Fluidity has to do with flow. It refers to the smoothness of the
transitions of voice with convincing impact with the listener.
Phrasing is the act of making phrases. It means proper pausing
for commas, hyphens, question marks or even periods.
20
Fluency is important
because it provides a way
between word recognition
and comprehension.
II. Language Processing

Accuracy means producing grammatically correct written and
spoken English. This is very essential because it refers to the
mechanics of the language.
Some features to make a learner accurate in his speaking are
vocabulary and pronunciation.
Vocabulary generally refers to words that can be produced
within an appropriate context and with the intended meaning of the
speaker. It is a key for better communication and gives better impact
on one’s capacity to build up language proficiency.
Pronunciation refers to manner on how a word or a language is
spoken or way in which someone utters a word. Good pronunciation
facilitates functional skills in communication competence. It gives
added value of good impression to listener.
21

Directions: Teacher will divide the class into four groups. Each group
will make a short dialogue about the pictures below. Be ready with the
presentation in class.
Students’ fluidity and phrasing will be graded through rubrics.
22
Photo taken by: Marisol S. Awatin ( February 4, 2023)
Photo taken by: Marisol S. Awatin ( February 4, 2023)

Directions: Read the poem below carefully. Then answer the questions
that follow orally. Students’ fluidity and phrasing will be graded
through rubrics.
Trade
By: Marisol S. Awatin
It was hot and full of stress…
My boss came and so depress
I went to meadow and I eat grass
He saw me and he smiled at last!
He pulled me and I don’t why…
What I’m sure , I did not hear him sigh
We went to place, noisy and crowded
He talked to a man and money was handed
The man pulled me away from my boss
I kept silent and my heart was lost
I don’t understand what’s going on
All I see is his sadness fades and no more moan!
23

Questions:
1. Who is talking in the poem? Why do you say so?
2. What do you think is the problem of the boss in the poem?
2. How was the problem solved?
Rubrics:
24
Score Fluidity
10 Speech is smooth with speed and confidence
8 Speech is mostly smooth with irregular grouping of words
6 Speech is slow and hesitant with irregular grouping of
words
4 Speech is slow and awkward, voice is obviously nervous
Score Phrasing
10 Deliver one’s answer with good phrasing with proper
stress and intonation.
8 Deliver one’s answer with some choppiness. There is
reasonable stress and intonation.
6 Deliver one’s answer with choppiness without proper
stress and intonation
4 Deliver one’s answer word-by-word in a monotone manner
bit.ly/3ZCXx0r (Retrieved April 27, 2017) bit.ly/3zsoUj6 (Retrieved April 27, 2017)

Directions: In your barangay, choose a product that made the place
known and use it as a livelihood. Make a TV commercial to advertise
the product. Be ready for the presentation in class. Students’ vocabu-
lary and pronunciation will be graded through rubrics.
25
You can’t resist this Yummy Pastillas!
Sweet taste that you don’t want to miss!
Rich in calcium that will make your bones
stronger!
Without preservatives and no food
colored added!
So hurry, buy now!
Yummy Pastillas are available at Bawi,
Padre Garcia, Batangas and at different
stores in town.
bit.ly/3GeeS8R ( Retrieved April 27, 2017)

Directions: Read the selection about the livelihood in Padre Garcia,
Batangas. Answer the questions that follow on one whole sheet of pa-
per. Each student will read his answer orally. Student’s vocabulary
and pronunciation will be assessed through rubric.
Choose Padre Garcia!
“ Kasiya-siya areng Garcia” - a tagline that pictures Padre Garcia,
Batangas a blissful town. It may be a small town but it gives smile to
everyone especially to business owners and consumers.
Every barangay offers their product with joy and pride. If you’re
looking for plants that will beautify your garden, visit Brgy. Bukal. You
can choose from their variety of ornamental plants, they have San
Francisco, Anthurium, Piccara and more. When someone is looking for
gift ideas for wedding, birthday and other occasion, Brgy. Tangob has
good offer. Silver Arrow, a factory outlet found in this barangay, sells
mosquito nets, pillows, blankets, bed cover and towels. Surely, these
are perfect gifts for your friends and relatives, because aside from these
are economical, these are also practical.
26

In addition, Brgy Pansol has good deal to those craving for sweet
products, like pastillas, macapuno and sampaloc candies. You can buy
these as your pasalubong or you can even buy these to start your own
business. Likewise, Brgy. Bawi sells crunchy chicharon which you can
have it while you’re on your travel. You can buy this chicharon as retail
or wholesale. Oh, there’s more! Brgy. Poblacion will solve how to beat
the summer, that is their mouth-watering halo-halo. This halo-halo has
caramelized banana, tapioca, sweetened jackfruit, beans, gelatin,
macapuno and leche flan on top. Of course, the undoubtedly main
reason of Padre Garcia’s success, cows! These cattle not only provide
employment for citizens, but also funds for the town.
There are many reasons why you must visit this municipality. So
don’t think twice, choose Padre Garcia.
27
Photo edited by: Marisol S. Awatin
(Some pictures were personally taken and some were from
online sources. See for pictures’ sources in reference page)

Questions:
1. What can be inferred from the first paragraph?
2. Why does the author encourage the reader to choose Padre Garcia?
3. What is the main purpose of the selection?
Rubrics
28
Score Vocabulary
10 Student uses rich, precise and impressive usage of
vocabulary
8 Student uses words which he learned in class in accurate
manner
6 Student uses limited vocabulary and use repetitive words that
make his ideas limited
4 Student uses inadequate vocabulary words that hinders to
expand his ideas
Score Pronunciation
10 Student’s pronunciation is clear and easy to understand.
There is great articulation in target language with expression.
8 Student’s pronunciation is good and do not interfere with
communication
6 Student has errors in pronunciation, there are some effort in
articulation
4 Student ‘s pronunciation is unclear, difficult to understand
and no effort to enunciate the target language

Answer Key
LANGUAGE STRUCTURE
Verb Tenses
Activity 1
1. have tried
2. eats
3. had been bought
4. will have been visited
5. will satisfy
6. have talked
7. had been dined
8. invited
9. have craved
10. will have been sold
Activity 2
1. B
2. D
3. E
4. A
5. C
Using Context Clues
Activity 1
1. D
2. B
3. A
4. A
5. A
Activity 2
1. agree with
2. Determination
3. Spacious
4. Disgusting
Using Structure Clues To Complete
Sentence
Activity 1
1. respect -ful respectful
2. create -ive creative
3. frugal -ity frugality
4. cooperate -ion cooperation
5. energy -tic energetic
Activity 2
1. combination
2. incomparable
3. verisimilar
4. manufacturer
5. exertion
LANGUAGE PROCESSING
Fluency and Accuracy
Activity 1-4
Answers will vary

References
Books
Halliday, M.A.K.L. (2013) Introduction to Functional Grammar.
Routledge
Online Sources
Dodson, Dawn. 2010. “Teaching Reading Fluency”. Retrieved March 5,
2017 from: https//www.lesson_planet.com/article/language-
arts/ready-set-read-teaching-reading fluency.
Dollaghan, Chris.,PH.D CCC.SLP. Language Processing and Compre
hension Issues and Children with CAS. Retrieved March 22,
2017 from: http://www.apraxia kids org/library/language-
processing-and comprehension issues-and children-with cas/
Photo Credits from Online Sources
bit.ly/3Kt9FNa (Retrieved January 17, 2023)
bit.ly/42V6rJz (Retrieved January 17, 2023)
bit.ly/3KsxyUU (Retrieved January 17, 2023)
bit.ly/3nInhed (Retrieved April 27, 2017)
bit.ly/3U3pLQA (Retrieved January 10, 2023)
bit.ly/3GeeS8R (Retrieved April 27, 2017)
https://www.shutterbug.com/content/tango-0 (Retrieved January,
10, 2023

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