This document outlines a simple seismic data processing workflow. It begins with acquiring field data and updating the geometry. Next steps include trace editing, amplitude recovery, and noise attenuation. Velocity analysis and normal moveout correction are then applied. Deconvolution and multiple attenuation are performed before migration. Post-migration involves stacking, filtering and amplitude scaling to produce the final processed seismic section. The goal of seismic processing is to produce high quality seismic data for geological interpretation and hydrocarbon exploration.

1. Simple seismic data processing workflow
By
Abd Al Rahman Ibrahim Soliman,
Senior Geoscience Student ,
Faculty of science, Alexandria University
abdalrahmanibrahim209@gmail.com

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Agenda
o Upstream petroleum life cycle
o Exploration Geophysics
o Simple Seismic data processing workflow
o Open Discussion and Questions
o Feedback

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Upstream petroleum life cycle
Exploration
(Geology&
Geophysics,…etc.)
Wild cat well
Appraisal wells
Production and
development
Decommissioning

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Upstream petroleum life cycle
Exploration
(Geology&
Geophysics,…etc.)
Wild cat well
Appraisal wells
Production and
development
Decommissioning

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Agenda
Simple seismic data processing workflow
o Exploration Geophysics
o Simple Seismic data processing workflow
o Open Discussion and Questions
o Feedback

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Geophysical Exploration Techniques
o Geophysical Exploration: is an applied branch of
geophysics, which uses physical methods, such as
seismic….etc. at the surface of the Earth to measure
the physical properties of the subsurface, along with
the anomalies in those properties.

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Geophysical Exploration Techniques
o Geophysical methods are divided into two types: Active and
Passive techniques
o Passive methods (Natural Sources): Incorporate measurements of
natural occurring fields or properties of the earth. Ex. SP, Magnetotelluric
(MT), Telluric, Gravity, Magnetic.
o Active Methods (Induced Sources) : A signal is injected into the
earth and then measure how the earth respond to the signal. Ex. DC.
Resistivity, Seismic Refraction, IP, EM,, GPR.

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Geophysical Exploration Techniques……Seismic
Seismic
acquisition
Seismic
processing
Seismic
interpretation

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Onshore seismic acquisition

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Marine seismic acquisition

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Geophysical Exploration Techniques……Seismic
Processing

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Interpretation

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Interpretation………..Why?
ROCK
Reservoir
Non-Reservoir
Hydrocarbon
bearing
Water bearing
Gas bearing
Oil bearing

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Agenda
o Simple Seismic data processing workflow
o Open Discussion and Questions
o Feedback

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Geophysical Exploration Techniques……Seismic
Seismic
acquisition
Seismic
processing
Seismic
interpretation

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Simple Seismic data processing workflow
Field data
input
Geometry update
Trace edit
Amplitude
recovery
Noise
attenuation
Deconvolution
Initial velocity
field
Multiple
attenuation
NMO
Correction
Mute
Final velocity
analysis
Migration Stack
Filtering
Amplitude
scaling
Final product

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Simple Seismic data processing workflow
Workflow
(Pre-
migration)
Migration
Post-
migration

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Simple Seismic data processing workflow
Workflow
(Pre-
migration)
Migration
Post-
migration

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Simple Seismic data processing workflow
1.1 Field data input
Reformat (SEG Y….DIO)
Demultiplexing
1.2 Geometry update and (Nav./ Seismic merge)
SPS files
ukooa p1/90
1- Premigration

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Simple Seismic data processing workflow
1- Premigration
1.3 Trace edit
Kill trace
Reverse polarity

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1.3 Trace edit
Kill Trace
Before After

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1.3 Trace edit
Reverse polarity
Before After

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1.4 Amplitude recovery (Before)
Simple Seismic data processing workflow

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1.4 Amplitude recovery (After)
Simple Seismic data processing workflow

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Simple Seismic data processing workflow
Amplitude recovery technique used for display ………..Why?

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1.5 Nosie attenuation
Attenuation techniqueNoise
F-K filterLinear
Any random noise
attenuation technique e.g.
band bass filter
Swell noise
Linear radon transformDirect arrival
DenoiseInterference
Simple Seismic data processing workflow

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1.5 Nosie attenuation
Linear noise removal (Before)

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1.5 Nosie attenuation
Linear noise removal (After)

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1.5 Nosie attenuation
Interference noise (Before)

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1.5 Nosie attenuation
Interference noise (After)

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1.5 Nosie attenuation
Direct arrival (Before)

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1.5 Nosie attenuation
Direct arrival (After)

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1.6 Velocity analysis
Simple Seismic data processing workflow
Semblance CMP gather MVFS

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1.7 Normal move out (NMO)
Simple Seismic data processing workflow

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1.8 Deconvolution
Simple Seismic data processing workflow
Earth
Forward process

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1.8 Deconvolution
Simple Seismic data processing workflow
Earth
Forward process
Impedance

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1.8 Deconvolution
Simple Seismic data processing workflow
Earth
Forward process
Impedance Reflection Coefficient

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1.8 Deconvolution
Simple Seismic data processing workflow
Earth
Forward process
Impedance Reflection Coefficient

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1.8 Deconvolution
Simple Seismic data processing workflow
Earth
Forward process
Impedance Reflection Coefficient
Superposition wavelet

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1.8 Deconvolution
Simple Seismic data processing workflow
Earth
Forward process
Impedance Reflection Coefficient
Superposition wavelet

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1.8 Deconvolution
Simple Seismic data processing workflow
Earth
Forward process
Impedance Reflection Coefficient
Superposition wavelet

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1.8 Deconvolution
Simple Seismic data processing workflow
Earth
Forward process
Impedance Reflection Coefficient
Superposition wavelet

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1.8 Deconvolution
Simple Seismic data processing workflow
Earth
Forward process
Impedance Reflection Coefficient
Superposition wavelet

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1.8 Deconvolution
Simple Seismic data processing workflow
Earth
Forward process
Impedance Reflection Coefficient
Superposition wavelet

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1.8 Deconvolution
Simple Seismic data processing workflow
Earth
Forward process
Impedance Reflection Coefficient
Superposition wavelet
Trace

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1.8 Deconvolution
Simple Seismic data processing workflow
Earth
Forward process
Impedance Reflection Coefficient
Trace
Superposition wavelet Seismic

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1.8 Deconvolution
Simple Seismic data processing workflow
Sandstone
Coal
Carbonate
Salt
Shale
* S(t)
* R(t) Seismic trace+ Noise (t) =Rf(t)
Filtering
Stacking
.
.
.
Deconvolution

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1.9 Multiple attenuation
Simple Seismic data processing workflow
Multiple Problèmes
Multiple propretés
Multiple atténuation

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1.9 Multiple attenuation
Simple Seismic data processing workflow

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1.9 Multiple attenuation
Simple Seismic data processing workflow

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1.9 Multiple attenuation
Simple Seismic data processing workflow

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1.9 Multiple attenuation
Simple Seismic data processing workflow

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Simple Seismic data processing workflow
Workflow
(Pre-
migration)
Migration
Post-
migration

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2. Migration
Simple Seismic data processing workflow
What is Migration
Migration classification
 Why we migrate?

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Why we migrate?
Simple Seismic data processing workflow
Why we
migrate?
CDP Fold =
Number of receivers x
receiver interval
2 x shot interval

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2. Migration
Simple Seismic data processing workflow

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2. Migration (Before)
Simple Seismic data processing workflow

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2. Migration (After)
Simple Seismic data processing workflow

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2. Migration
Simple Seismic data processing workflow

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2. Migration
Simple Seismic data processing workflow

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2. Migration
Simple Seismic data processing workflow

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Simple Seismic data processing workflow
Workflow
(Pre-
migration)
Migration
Post-
migration

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Simple Seismic data processing workflow
o Stack
o Filtering
o Amplitude scaling
o Others
o Final product

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Simple Seismic data processing workflow
Field data
input
Geometry update
Trace edit
Amplitude
recovery
Noise
attenuation
Deconvolution
Initial velocity
field
Multiple
attenuation
NMO
Correction
Mute
Final velocity
analysis
Migration Stack
Filtering
Amplitude
scaling
Final product
Not Consta
nt workflow

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Interpretation
Simple Seismic data processing workflow

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Interpretation
Simple Seismic data processing workflow

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Agenda
o Open Discussion and Questions
o Feedback

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Agenda
o Feedback

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