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SCIENCE & CYCLING 2026
Building environments that
make excellence inevitable
Why winning the next race will depend less on what you know
— and more on the environments, people, and learning you design.
Jesse Korf, PHD
Executive GM Performance, AusCycling
To win at the Olympics (or the Tour),
you must perform at a level no one
has ever performed at before.
Which means — by definition — you cannot do what has already been done.
Excellence is, structurally, an obligation to discover.
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01 THE PROBLEM
A country far, far away quietly leading the world
36
Gold medals across Olympics,
Paralympics & World Championships
World #1 by gold 2024-2026
€0.37M
Cost per gold medal —
the most efficient National HP cycling
system on earth
vs €0.46M to €11M at peers
74
Total medals between
Paris 2024 and summer 2026
across Olympic & Paralympic cycling
Track · Road · BMX · MTB (World #2 by total
medals)
Source: AusCycling Performance, Global Medal Rankings 2024–26 (verified Olympic, Paralympic & UCI World Championship results).
02 THE EVIDENCE
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Innovation is people
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The 3 Imperatives for becoming a great leader
Linda Hill's framework
Manage yourself
Management isn't about doing.
It's about accomplishing things
through others.
Hill, L. A. — Being the Boss · Collective Genius · Genius at Scale (Harvard Business School)
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INNOVATION IS PEOPLE
Manage a network
Understand power and influence.
Build mutually beneficial
relationships across the system.
Manage a team
Forge a high-performing "we" out
of all the "I"s who report to you.
And ensure that the “I”s become
the best version of themselves
1 2 3
Four propositions
TODAYS TALK
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TEAM
Cultural and philosophical
commitments come BEFORE
the sciences.
They decide which evidence
is relevant.
Kant, Critique of Pure Reason (1787)
P1
NETWORK
High-performance
environments are complex
adaptive systems. They
cannot really be managed —
only enabled.
Uhl-Bien, Marion & McKelvey (2007)
P2
TEAM
Adults in HP learn through
effortful exploration, guided
discovery and intrinsic
motivation — not instruction.
Staff development is
andragogical, not
pedagogical.
Knowles (1980); Kolb (1984)
P3
TOPICAL
Because AI is displacing the
knowledge layer, the
relational and cultural layer
becomes the decisive site of
competitive advantage.
P4
Philosophy before science
Categorical imperatives in sport
What we commit to before the data
Values · purpose · team philosophy
What we learn from the data.
What it takes to win – athlete progression - growing capacity
Kant, I. (1787). Critique of Pure Reason.
P1 TEAM · PHILOSOPHY FIRST
A PRIORI A POSTERIOR
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Stable Core.
Disruptive Edges.
Hold the centre. Burn the edges.
Organisations that have outperformed their peers for over a century share one trait: a fixed core of values and
purpose, surrounded by an outer ring that is deliberately, constantly disturbed (Hill, 2023). In HP cycling, the
core is non-negotiable. The edges are where the new performance comes from.
P1 TEAM · PHILOSOPHY FIRST
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High Support.
High Challenge.
Care fiercely. Push relentlessly. Refuse the trade-off.
World-champion cultures don't choose between care and demand — they install both, at maximum
intensity, at the same time. The literature on motivational climate in elite sport (Hodge, Henry &
Smith, 2014; Cruickshank & Collins, 2012) is unambiguous on this point.
P1 TEAM · PHILOSOPHY FIRST
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Growth mindset
— as an organisational property
Not a personal virtue. An operating principle.
Hire, retain and fire — for learning.
P1 TEAM · PHILOSOPHY FIRST
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Hire for behaviors and
attitudes, not credentials
Curiosity, humility and capacity to update
are the predictors. CVs are floors, not
ceilings.
Design for failure
as curriculum
If your team can't tell you when you're
wrong, the environment is the obstacle
(Edmondson, 2018; Uhl-Bien et al., 2007).
Wrongful retention is as costly as
wrongful selection. Loyalty without
learning is decay.
Move on when
the fit ends
1 2 3
Pick One to maximise
Or pick none and be caught in no-man's land.
Wins
Olympic, Paralympic & World
Championship medals.
Stakeholder value
Sponsors, federations, partners
— value compounding over cycles.
Community impact
Pathways, participation, the public legitimacy
that funds everything else.
NETWORK · COMPLEX SYSTEMS
P2
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Governance · High Performance · Community — each plays its own game, but actions diffuse across all three.
Inspired by: Gómez et al. (2013), Phys. Rev. Lett. · J.Korf operating fitness-network model.
Torres – Hugas et al., 2024
SUPRA-LAPLACIAN DIFUSION
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Cycling as three coupled layers
THE SYSTEM AS A NETWORK
P2
Pol, R., Balagué, N., Ric, A., Torrents, C., Kiely, J., & Hristovski, R. (2020). Training or synergizing? Complex systems principles change the understanding of sport processes.
Performance lives across timescales
TIMESCALES
P2
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Get the right people.
Develop them.
Build the team.
The athletes can't be a million miles ahead
of the people developing them.
P3 TEAM · HOW ADULTS LEARN
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Person–environment fit
Behaviour stems from the interplay between the person and their environment. Get the fit right and growth follows.
Get it wrong and stress follows.
P–O FIT
Person–Organisation
Alignment between the individual's values, skills and goals — and the values, culture and goals of the organisation.
P–J FIT
P–G FIT
Edwards (2008); Edwards et al. (2006); Kristof-Brown & Guay (2011). In sport: Terwiel et al. (2021); Woods et al. (2020).
HOW WE OPERATE · THE THEORETICAL ANCHOR
P3
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Person–Job
Match between the individual's skills, abilities and preferences — and the requirements of the specific role.
Person–Group
Compatibility with the team — boosts communication, cooperation and group performance.
The Coach Avatar
Knowledge and Skills can be developed. Attitudes and Behaviours are the gate.
Hill (2023); Dweck (2015); Grant (2021). We hire on Attitudes/Behaviours; we develop Knowledge/Skills.
P3 HOW WE OPERATE · WHAT WE HIRE FOR
KNOWLEDGE
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• Expert (PhD-like) sport
knowledge
• How people learn
• Human and athlete
development
• Training environment
design
• Physiological &
psychological demands
SKILLS
• Effective learning & training
environments
• Driving IAPPs in the DPE
• Tech & data interpretation
• Leadership and coaching
• Emotional intelligence
ATTITUDES
• Curious. Engaged. Invested.
• Respectful. Disciplined.
• Commitment to people
• Chases excellence
• Humble
BEHAVIOURS
• Displays a growth mindset
• Initiative in communication
and knowledge sharing
• Takes ownership
• Acts with integrity
• Willing to fail to move
forward
Two lenses, held at the same time
HUMAN DESIGN
Every dimension of the human, designed.
Skill development
Psychology
Peer & social support
Financial support
Career transition Alumni
Physiology
Belonging
FIRST PRINCIPLES DESIGN
Athlete-as-system — propulsion and decision,
modelled.
Power demands Drag
Rolling resistance Metabolic needs
System Efficiencies Weight
Race & pace strategy Inertia
Australia's edge: refuse to choose. Grow coaches fluent in both. Explore Summits (2025); Wylleman & Reints (2010); Henriksen et al. (2020).
HOW WE OPERATE
P2
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What we actually do
Design world-class environments that promote growth for everyone — athletes, coaches, staff — and positively impact performance
at the Games and World Championships.
HOW WE OPERATE · CORE ACTIVITIES
P3
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All coaches and staff
members have a
professional
development plan
1
Head Coaches and
other senior leaders
have a mentor
2
Cross-fertilise
by design
Acceleration & Action
(BMX R, BMX FS, Track
Sprint) & Endurance
(Road, Track Endurance,
MTB)
3
Explore sessions
Multi-day coach &
scientist innovation
off-sites
4
Expert immersions
Several weeks to
months where an
international domain
experts joins the
environment
5
Why this works on adult brains
r d r d r E r r I r .
What is happening in the oom — an in the b ain — u ing an xplo e session o mme sion
NOVELTY
The adult brain rewires only when input exceeds the current capacity envelope.
Familiar maintains. Unfamiliar adapts.
→ DISRUPTIVE EDGES
EFFORT + SAFETY Effortful, focused attention drives BDNF and synaptic change
— but only in learning mode. Threat shuts plasticity down.
→ HIGH SUPPORT / HIGH CHALLENGE
AGENCY + BELIEF
Adults rewire when they direct their own learning (Knowles)
and when they believe ability is developable (Dweck).
→ GROWTH MINDSET
REFLECTION Consolidation happens in the gaps — sleep, writing, the Kolb cycle.
The wiring sets after the session, not during.
→ ANDRAGOGY · KOLB
T E r r r r d d r .
he xplo e sessions a e a neu oplasticity p otocol isguise as a wo kshop
Kleim & Jones (2008); Lövdén et al. (2010); Knowles (1980); Kolb (1984); Doidge (2007).
IN PRACTICE
P3
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Cycling 1.0 → 2.0 → 3.0
1.0
Tradition
Experience, mileage, intuition.
The coach as oracle.
2.0
Science
Physiology, nutrition, pacing, equipment.
The lab as oracle.
3.0
AI & Beyond
Knowledge becomes commoditised.
The model knows the dose-response
— instantly, everywhere.
Extending Zabala, M. (2025). From Cycling 1.0 and 2.0 to Cycling 3.0. Journal of Science and Cycling, 14(1), Art. 14.
THE INFLECTION
P4
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The next competitive advantage will be
paradoxically more human — because of AI
• Individualised dose-response training
• Personalised nutrition and recovery
• Real-time race pacing strategy
• Load management and injury prediction
• Data pattern recognition at scale
Relationship Trust that makes athletes act on the information
Translation Turning data into insight that lands, with this
athlete, now
Better questions Knowing what to ask AI — and what to ask
the athlete
Ecosystem activation Connecting the right people, tools and ideas
at the right moment
Learning velocity How fast your people — staff AND athletes —
adapt and grow
The team that deploys this well, first, wins. Those who don't evolve will lose — quickly.
A PERSONAL BELIEF
P4
WHAT AI WILL ABSORB WHAT REMAINS HUMAN
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Three questions to take home
About your environment, your people, and your edge.
Q1
Does your environment drive
curiosity — or protect
comfort?
Are your coaches and staff
developed as rigorously as your
athletes?
If AI quietly absorbed half
your sports-science
department tomorrow, what
would still make your team
faster than the rest?
Q2 Q3
THE INVITATION
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Head fake
Back to Linda Hill's first imperative: manage yourself.
Q1
Are YOU driving yourself and
those around you to be
obsessively curious?
Are YOU planning your ongoing
development as rigorously as
your athletes?
If AI quietly absorbed half
your sports-science
department tomorrow, what
would YOU DO to make your
team faster than the rest?
Q2 Q3
THE INVITATION
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SCIENCE & CYCLING 2026 JESSE KORF, AUSCYCLING
Excellence is not an outcome.
It is an environment.
Design it. Defend it. Stay obsessed with disturbing it.
Thank you. · Jesse Korf · AusCycling
Theoretical and empirical anchors
• Cruickshank, A., & Collins, D. (2012). Culture change in elite sport performance teams. Journal of Applied Sport
Psychology, 24(3), 338–355.
• Doidge, N. (2007). The Brain That Changes Itself. Viking.
• Dweck, C. S. (2015). Carol Dweck revisits the 'growth mindset.' Education Week.
• Edmondson, A. (2018). The Fearless Organization. Wiley.
• Edwards, J. R. (2008). Person–environment fit in organizations. Academy of Management Annals, 2(1).
• Glazier, P. S. (2017). Towards a grand unified theory of sports performance. Human Movement Science, 56,
139–156.
• Gómez, S., et al. (2013). Diffusion dynamics on multiplex networks. Physical Review Letters, 110(2).
• Henriksen, K., et al. (2020). A holistic ecological approach to sport and study. Routledge.
• Hill, A. (2023). Strategy of the Centennials. Harvard Business School / Centennials Research.
• Hill, L. A. (2003). How new managers become great leaders. Harvard Business Press.
• Hodge, K., Henry, G., & Smith, W. (2014). A case study of excellence in elite sport. The Sport Psychologist, 28(1),
60–74.
• Kant, I. (1787). Critique of Pure Reason.
• Kleim, J. A., & Jones, T. A. (2008). Principles of experience-dependent neural plasticity. JSLHR, 51(1), S225–S239.
• Knowles, M. (1980). The modern practice of adult education: From pedagogy to andragogy. Cambridge.
• Kolb, D. A. (1984). Experiential learning. Prentice Hall.
• Kristof-Brown, A., & Guay, R. (2011). Person–environment fit. APA Handbook of I/O Psychology.
• Lövdén, M., et al. (2010). A theoretical framework for the study of adult cognitive plasticity. Psychological Bulletin,
136(4), 659–676.
• Otte, F. W., et al. (2024). The role of skill acquisition specialists within sports. Journal of Expertise, 7(3).
• Pol, R., et al. (2020). Training or synergizing? Complex systems and sport. Sports Medicine, 50, 1605–1616.
• Terwiel, S., et al. (2021). Person–environment fit and subjective well-being in athletes.
• Torres-Hugas, et al. (2024). Structural prediction of super-diffusion in multiplex networks.
• Uhl-Bien, M., Marion, R., & McKelvey, B. (2007). Complexity Leadership Theory. The Leadership Quarterly, 18(4), 298–
318.
• Williams, A. M., & Hodges, N. J. (2023). Skill Acquisition for Excellence (SAFE) Framework.
• Woods, C. T., et al. (2020). Wayfinding: ecological perspectives on dynamic environments and skill acquisition.
• Wylleman, P., & Reints, A. (2010). A lifespan perspective on the career of talented and elite athletes.
• Zabala, M. (2025). From Cycling 1.0 and 2.0 to Cycling 3.0. Journal of Science and Cycling, 14(1), Art. 14.
REFERENCES