The document provides a comprehensive introduction to Python, covering its history, installation steps, and various programming methods. It outlines key concepts such as data types, operators, and how to write and run Python programs, along with examples for better understanding. Additionally, the document highlights specific features of Python that make it a popular choice among developers.

1. Getting Started with
Python
Sharayu Bonde
sharayubonde29@gmail.com

2. Python
Overview
2
What is Python?
Python is a popular programming language. It is developed by Guido van Rossum, and
released in 1991.
It is used for:
● web development (server-side),
● software development,
● mathematics,
● system scripting.

3. Python Overview
3
Why Python?
● Python works on different platforms (Windows, Mac, Linux, Raspberry Pi, etc).
● Python has a simple syntax similar to the English language.
● Python has syntax that allows developers to write programs with fewer lines than
some other programming languages.
● Python runs on an interpreter system, meaning that code can be executed as soon as it
is written.
● Python can be treated in a procedural way, an object-oriented way or a functional
way

4. Python
Installation
Steps
4
● Download python installer from link
https://www.Python.org/downloads/
❏ Download the .tgz file of Python from the above
provided download link
www.python.org/ftp/python.2.7.11/python-2.7.
11.tgz
❏ Unzip the downloaded file.
Tar xvfz Python-2.7.11.tgz
❏ Go to the directory
cd Python-2.7.11
❏ ./configure
❏ Build it.
❏ Make
❏ Su or sudo su if
there is no root
user
❏ Make install

5. How to
Install
Python 3.3
5
● Visit:
www.python.org
○ Download python for
Linux
○ Extract zip file in home
● Open
Terminal
○ $ sudo apt-get install build-
essential
○ $ sudo apt-get install libsqlite3-
dev
○ $ sudo opt-get install libbz2-dev
Go in Python folder
○ $cd python 3.3.2
○ $python 3.3.2 $ ./configure
○ python 3.3.2 $ make
○ python 3.3.2 $ sudo make
altinstall

6. Getting Started with
Python
6
● How to write python program
● How to Run python Program?
● Python Indentations ( We will see this later )

7. Getting Started with
Python
● How to write python program
Ways of Python Programming
1. Command Line
2.Python IDLE ( Integrated Development and
Learning Environment)
7

8. Command
Line
8
Steps in windows:
● Press the start button
● Click on All programs and then Python 3.8. After clicking on Python 3.8 you will see a list of
options.
● In this list click on Python 3.7. After clicking on it, you will see the python Interactive prompt in
python command line.
OR
● Open command prompt and type python ( After typing python you will enter in
interpreter mode)

9. Command
Line
9
Steps in Linux:
● Open Terminal
● Type Python ( After typing python you will enter in interpreter mode)

10. Getting Started with
Python
● How to write python program
Ways of Python Programming
1. Command Line
2.Python IDLE ( Integrated Development and
Learning Environment)
10

11. IDLE ( Integrated Development and Learning
Environment)
11
Steps in windows:
● Press the start button or Type Python in search
● Click on IDLE(Python 3.8 )
● After clicking on it it will open Python IDLE i.e Python Interactive Prompt
● Click on File
● Click on New. It will open new file there we can type our python Program
● To run press F5. You will get output on interactive prompt.

12. Getting Started with
Python
● How to write python program
( On Linux OS)
Steps to write Python Program
(On Linux Platform )
1. Open command prompt
2. Go in current folder
3. Type on command prompt
$ gedit sample.py OR $pico sample.py
4. Save file (sample.py)
5. Run file
$ python sample.py
12

13. Getting Started with
Python
● How to write python program
Sample.py
statement_1
statement_2
statement_3
13

14. Getting Started with
Python
● How to write python program
Sample.py
14
# Function Calling
statement_1
function_1()
statement_2
function_1()
# Function definition

15. Getting Started with
Python
● How to write python program
Sample.py
function_1()
# Function definition
15
# Function Calling
statement_1
function_1()
statement_2

16. Getting Started with
Python
● How to Run python Program?
harish@harish-Inspiron-3537:~$ python file_name.py
16

17. Getting Started with
Python
● How to Run python Program?
harish@harish-Inspiron-3537:~$ python sample.py
17

18. Getting Started with
Python
Hands-
on !!
18

19. Introduction to
Python
19
● Comments
● Python Identifiers
● Reserved Keywords
● Variables

20. Introduction to
Python
● Comments
Python uses the hash ( # )
character for commenting
>>> 10+20 addition
SyntaxError: invalid syntax
>>>
>>>
>>> 10+20 #Addition
30
20

21. Introduction to
Python
● Python Identifiers
A python identifier is the name
given to a variable, function, class
or other object.
21

22. Introduction to
Python
● Reserved Keywords
False class finally is return
None continue for lambda try
True def from nonlocal while
and del global not with
as e l i f i f or yield
assert else import pass
break except in raise
22
Python Reserved
Keywords

23. Introduction to
Python
● Variable
s
● Declaring a Variable
● Initializing a Variable
23

24. Input and output
Functions
24
1. print()
Function
2. input()
Function

25. Input and output
Functions
>>> print("Welcome to Python Programming")
Welcome to Python Programming
>>>
25
1. print()
Function

26. Input and output
Functions
1. input()
Function
>>> a=input()
harish
>>> a
'harish'
>>> a=input()
10
>>> a
'10' 26

27. Input and output
Functions
10
>>> a=input()
harish
>>> a
'harish'
>>> a=input()
10
>>> a
'10'
1. input() Function
>>> a=int(input())
10
>>> a
10
>>> a=input("Enter your Name: ")
Enter your Name: Harish
>>> a
'Harish'
>>>

28. Standard Data Types

29. Standard Data Type
2
9
1. Numeric
2. Boolean
3. String
4. List
5. Tuples
6. Dictionary
7. Sets

30. 1.
Numeric
3
0
● Numeric data comes in two flavours
○ Int - Integer
○ Float - Fractional Numbers
● 150, -5, 564123 are values of integer type
● 10.52, -0.01, 25.23156 are values of type float

31. 1.
Numeric
3
1
● Operations on Numbers
○ Normal arithmetic operations : +, -, *, /
○ Note that, / always produces a float
○ Quotient and Remainder : // and %
○ Exponentiation : **
● Other Operations on Numbers
○ log(), sqrt(), sin(),.....
○ Built-in python but not available by default
○ Must include “math library”
○ from math import *

32. 1.
Numeric
● Operations on Numbers
○ Normal arithmetic operations : +, -, *, /
○ Note that, / always produces a float
○ Quotient and Remainder : // and %
○ Exponentiation : **
● Other Operations on Numbers
○ log(), sqrt(), sin(),.....
○ Built-in python but not available by default
○ Must include “math library”
○ from math import *
>>> 5+8
13
>>> 5/3
1.6666666666666667
>>> 5//2
2
>>> 5%2
1
>>> 5**2
25
3
2

33. ● Operations on Numbers
○ Normal arithmetic operations : +, -, *, /
○ Note that, / always produces a float
○ Quotient and Remainder : // and %
○ Exponentiation : **
● Other Operations on Numbers
○ log(), sqrt(), sin(),.....
○ Built-in python but not available by default
○ Must include “math library”
○ from math import *
1.
Numeric
>>> from math import*
>>> sqrt(4)
2.0
>>> sin(90)
0.8939966636005579
>>> log(2)
0.6931471805599453
>>>
3
3

34. 2. Boolean Values : bool
● True, False
● Logical Operators : nor, and, or
○ Not True is False, Not False is
True
○ x and y is True, if both of x, y are True
○ x or y is True, if atleast one of x,y is
True
>>> a=True
>>> type(a)
<class
'bool'>
>>>
x=False
>>>
type(x)
<class
'bool'> 3
4

35. 3. String
(str)
3
5
● Strings are another important data type in Python.
● Type string is a sequence of character
○ A single character is a string of length 1
○ No separate type char
● Enclose in quotes - Single, double, triple
City = ‘Pune’
Class = “ It’s Harish Gadade’s Class”
Name = ‘ ‘ ‘ It’s name “Python Programming” ‘
‘ ‘

36. 3. String
(str)
-6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1
●
●
Positions -1,-2, . . . . . count backwards from end
There are several operators such as slicing
[ : repetition ( * )
], concatenation ( + ) and
36
P y t h o n
● String is a sequence of characters
● Position 0,1,2,..... N-1 for a string of length n
○ s = “ Python”
0 1
2
3
4
5

37. 3. String
(str)
P y t h o n
● String is a sequence of characters
● Position 0,1,2,..... N-1 for a string of length n
○ s = “ Python”
0 1
2
3
4
5 ● Strings are Immutable
-6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1
●
●
Positions -1,-2, . . . . . count backwards from end
There are several operators such as slicing
[ : repetition ( * )
], concatenation ( + ) and
37

38. 4. List
38
● A List can contain same types of Items. Alternatively, a List can also contain
different types of items.
● To declare a List, we need to separate the items using commas and enclose them within
a square bracket( [] )
● Similar to string data type, list also has +, * and slicing [:] operators
for concatenation, repetition and sublist respectively.
● List is Mutable

39. 4. List
39
● Basic Operations
○ Display List
○ Concatenation
○ Repetition
○ Sublist

40. 4. List
● Basic Operations
○ Display List
○ Concatenation
○ Repetition
○ Sublist
>>> a = [ 1, ”Vihaan”, 5.6 ]
>>> b = [ “Pune”, 10 ]
40

41. 4. List
● Basic Operations
○ Display List
○ Concatenation
○ Repetition
○ Sublist
>>> a = [ 1, ”Vihaan”, 5.6 ]
>>> b = [ “Pune”, 10 ]
Displaying a
List
>>> a
a = [ 1, ”Vihaan”, 5.6 ]
>>> b
[ “Pune”, 10 ]
41

42. 4. List
● Basic Operations
○ Display List
○ Concatenation
○ Repetition
○ Sublist >>> a + b
42
>>> a = [ 1, ”Vihaan”, 5.6 ]
a = [ 1, ”Vihaan”, 5.6, “Pune”, 10 ]
>>> b = [ “Pune”, 10 ]
Concatenatio
n

43. 4. List
● Basic Operations
○ Display List
○ Concatenation
○ Repetition
○ Sublist >>> b * 3
43
>>> a = [ 1, ”Vihaan”, 5.6 ]
[ “Pune”, 10 , “Pune”, 10 , “Pune”,
10 ]
>>> b = [ “Pune”, 10 ]
Repetitio
n

44. 4. List
● Basic Operations
○ Display List
○ Concatenation
○ Repetition
○ Sublist
>>> a = [ 1, ”Vihaan”, 5.6 ]
>>> b = [ “Pune”, 10 ]
>>>a [ 0 : 1 ]
44
[1]
>>> a [ 1 : 3 ]
[“Vihaan”, 5.6]
Sub-
List

45. 5.
Tuple
45
square
● Similar to list, a tuple is also used to store sequence of items.
● Like a list, a tuple consists of items separated by commas.
● However, tuples are enclosed within parentheses rather than bracket.
● Difference between List and Tuples
○ In List, items are enclosed within square brackets [ ] whereas in tuples, items
are enclosed within parentheses ()
○ List are mutable whereas Tuples are immutable. Tuples are read only lists.

46. 5.
Tuple
● Examples
>>> a=(10,"Vihaan",5.6,"Jalgaon")
>>> a
(10, 'Vihaan', 5.6, 'Jalgaon')
>>> a[1]="Rituja"
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<pyshell#4>", line 1, in
<module> a[1]="Rituja"
TypeError: 'tuple' object does not
support item assignment
46

47. 6.
Dictionary
47
● Dictionary is an unordered collection of key-value pairs.
● The order of elements in a dictionary is undefined but we can iterate
over the following:
○ The Key
○ The Value
○ The item ( key - Value pairs) in a dictionary
● Items are enclosed in a curly-braces { } and separated by comma
( , ).
● A colon ( : ) is used to separate key from value.
● A key inside the square bracket [ ] is used to access the dictionary
items
● Dictionary values are mutable

48. 6.
Dictionary
● Example:
>>> dict={1:"Jalgaon","two":"Pune"}
>>> dict
{1: 'Jalgaon', 'two': 'Pune'}
>>> dict[3]="Mumbai"
>>> dict
{1: 'Jalgaon', 'two': 'Pune', 3:
'Mumbai'}
48

49. 6.
Dictionary
● Example:
>>> dict={1:"Jalgaon","two":"Pune"}
>>> dict
{1: 'Jalgaon', 'two': 'Pune'}
>>> dict[3]="Mumbai"
>>> dict
{1: 'Jalgaon', 'two': 'Pune', 3: 'Mumbai'}
>>> dict.keys()
dict_keys([1, 'two', 3])
>>> dict.values()
dict_values(['Jalgaon', 'Pune',
'Mumbai'])
>>>
49

50. 7. Sets
50
● An unordered collection of data is known as set.
● A set does not contain duplicate values or elements and it is
non-subscriptable
● Union, intersection, difference and symmetric difference are
the some operations which can performed on sets.
○ Union: All elements from two sets. Operator used is |
○ Intersection: Display common elements in two sets. Operator used
is &
○ Difference: Display elements which are present in first set not
in other set. Operator used is -
○ Symmetric Difference: returns elements which are
present in either set but not in both. Operator used is ^

51. 7. Sets
● Example:
>>> a = set ( [1,2,3,1,2,8,5,4] )
>>> b = set ( [1,9,3,2,5] )
>>> a
{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 8}
>>> b
{1, 2, 3, 5, 9}
>>> intersection = a & b
>>> intersection
{1, 2, 3, 5}
>>> union = a | b
>>> union
{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 8, 9}
>>>
51

52. 7. Sets
● Example:
>>> a = set ( [1,2,3,1,2,8,5,4] )
>>> b = set ( [1,9,3,2,5] )
>>> a
{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 8}
>>> b
{1, 2, 3, 5, 9}
>>> diff = a - b
>>> diff
{8, 4}
>>> symm_diff = a ^ b
>>> symm_diff
{4, 8, 9}
52

53. Type( )
Function
53
● type() function is a built-in function which returns the datatype of
any arbitrary object.
● type() function can take anything as an argument and returns its
data type such as integer, strings, dictionaries, lists, classes,
modules, tuples, function etc

54. Type( )
Function
● type() function is a built-in function which returns the datatype of
any arbitrary object.
● type() function can take anything as an argument and returns its
data type such as integer, strings, dictionaries, lists, classes,
modules, tuples, function etc
>>> x=10
>>> type(x)
<class 'int'>
>>> import os
>>> type(os)
<class 'module'>
>>> type("Hello")
<class 'str'>
>>> tup=(1,2,3)
>>> type(tup)
<class 'tuple'>
>>> lst=[1,2,3]
>>> type(lst)
<class 'list'>
54

55. Operators in Python

56. Operator
s
56
● Arithmetic Operators
a. Unary Operator
b. Binary Operator
● Comparison Operators
● Assignment Operators
● Logical Operators
● Membership Operators
● Identity Operators

57. Operator
s
57
● Arithmetic Operators :
a. Unary Operator: +, -, ~
b. Binary Operator : +, -, *, /, **, %, //

58. Operator
s
58
● Arithmetic Operators :
a. Unary Operator: +, -, ~
b. Binary Operator : +, -, *, /, **, %, //
● Examples:
○ Write a program to calculate square and cube using * operator
○ Write a program to read a temperature in Celsius and convert it into
Fahrenheit [ Hint: F = (9/5)*Celsius + 32 ]

59. Operator
s
59
● Home Work:
○ Write a program to calculate the distance between two points.
○ Write a program to reverse a four digit number.
○ Write a program
X
to
Y
display the following table
Result
10 2 100
10 3 1000
10 4 10000
10 5 100000

60. Operator
s
60
● Arithmetic Operators :
a. Unary Operator: +, -, ~
b. Binary Operator : +, -, *, /, **, %, //
● Comparison Operators : ==, != or <>
● Assignment Operators : =, +=, -=, *=, /=, %=, **=, //=
● Logical Operators : and, or, not
● Membership Operators : in, not in
● Identity Operators: is, is not

61. Statement and
Expression
● Statement: An instruction that can be interpreted by the Python Interpreter
● Expression: A expression is a combination of variables,operators, values and a reserve
keywords
Statements:
print, while,
for, if etc
Expression:
61
10+20,
x+y

62. String
Operations
● Concatenation
● Repetition
● Get Particular character
● Slicing
Will see later
62

63. Conditional Execution

64. Conditional Execution / Decision Making
Statements
64
● if statements
● if - else statements
● if - elif - else
Statements

65. If
Statements
65
● Syntax
if
conditio
n :
statement_1
statement_2

66. If
Statements
● Syntax
if
conditio
n :
statement_1
statement_2
66

67. If
Statements
● Syntax
if
conditio
n :
statement_1
statement_2
● Example
If m%n != 0:
(m,n
) =
● Statement ( body of if ) will be
executed when if condition is
true...
i.e. m%n !=0 is True
● Indentation demarcates body of
if
● Indentation must be uniform
● : represents end of
if
condition and start body of if
67

68. If
Statements
● Syntax
if
conditio
n :
statement_1
statement_2
● Example
If m%n != 0:
(m,n
) =
If condition :
Statement_1
Statement_2
Statement_3
68

69. If - else
Statements
● Syntax:
if condition :
statement_1
Statement_2
else:
Statement_3
Statement_4
● Here else is
Optional 69

70. If - else
Statements
● Syntax:
if condition :
statement_1
Statement_2
else:
Statement_3
Statement_4
● Here else is
Optional
if m%n != 0:
(m,n) = (n, m%n)
else:
gcd = n
70

71. If - elif - else
Statements
● Syntax:
if condition1 :
statement_1
statement_2
elif condition2 :
statement_3
statement_4
. . . . .
. . . . .
else :
9

72. Hands-on!!
72

73. 1. Write a program that accepts two integer numbers and prints
message “ Equals” if both the entered numbers are equal.
2. Write a program that accepts a radius of a circle. If the radius
of a circle is greater than zero then print the area and
circumference of the circle.
3. Write a program that accepts two numbers and finds greater number.
4. Write a program to test whether a number is divisible by 5 and 10
OR 5 or 10.
73
Hands-
on!!

74. Control Statements

75. Control Statements
● while Loop
● for Loop
● Break and Continue Statements
2

76. While
Loop
● While Loops is used to execute a
block of statements repeatedly until a
given condition is satisfied.
● Syntax_1:
while expression:
Statement_1
Statement_2
● Syntax_2:
while condition:
Statement block
else:
Statement Block 3

77. While Loop - Hands-
on!!
1. Write a program to print the numbers from one to five using while loop
7
7

78. While Loop - Hands-
on!!
1. Write a program to print the numbers from one to five using while loop
2. WAP to add 10 consecutive numbers starting from 1 using while loop
7
8

79. While Loop - Hands-
on!!
1. Write a program to print the numbers from one to five using while loop
2. WAP to add 10 consecutive numbers starting from 1 using while loop
3. Write a program to find the sum of the digits of a given number using
while loop
7
9

80. While Loop - Hands-
on!!
1. Write a program to print the numbers from one to five using while loop
2. WAP to add 10 consecutive numbers starting from 1 using while loop
3. Write a program to find the sum of the digits of a given number using while
loop
4. Write a program to display the reverse of the entered number using while loop
8
0

81. While Loop - Hands-
on!!
1. Write a program to print the numbers from one to five using while loop
2. WAP to add 10 consecutive numbers starting from 1 using while loop
3. Write a program to find the sum of the digits of a given number using while
loop
4. Write a program to display the reverse of the entered number using while loop
5. WAP to print the sum of the numbers from 1 to 30 (1 and 30 are included) that are
divisible by 5 using while loop
8
1

82. While Loop - Hands-
on!!
1. Write a program to print the numbers from one to five using while loop
2. WAP to add 10 consecutive numbers starting from 1 using while loop
3. Write a program to find the sum of the digits of a given number using while
loop
4. Write a program to display the reverse of the entered number using while loop
5. WAP to print the sum of the numbers from 1 to 30 (1 and 30 are included) that are
divisible by 5 using while loop
6. WAP to calculate factorial of a given number using while loop 8
2

83. Range() Function
● Inbuilt Function
● Syntax:
range(begin,end,step)
Where,
Begin : First number
End : is last number
or a limit
Step : difference
between each number
in the sequence
● Example:
[1,2,3,4,5] 10

84. Control Statements
● while Loop
● for Loop
● Break and Continue Statements
Ways to display f o r loop
- Range() function
- Reverse printing
- Ways to use f o r loop
84

85. Control
Statements
85
● while Loop
● for Loop
● Break and Continue Statements

86. Control
Statements
● while Loop
● for Loop
● Break and Continue Statements
f o r i i n range(5):
i f ( i = = 3 ) :
break
p r i n t ( “ H e l l o ” , i )
86

87. Control
Statements
● while Loop
● for Loop
● Break and Continue Statements
f o r i i n range(5):
i f ( i = = 3 ) :
continue
p r i n t ( “ H e l l o ” , i )
87

88. Control
Statements
● while Loop
● for Loop
Examples:
2. 1
2 2
3 3 3
4 4 4 4
3. 1
1 2
1 2 3
1 2 3 4
4. 1
2 1
3 2 1
4 3 2 1
Examples:
● Break and Continue Statements 1. 0 0 0 0
1 1 1 1
2 2 2 2
3 3 3 3
88

89. Homewor
k
89
1. Write a program to find the square root of a number
2. Write a program to find area of a rectangle
3. Write a program to swap the values of two variables
4. Write a program to convert kilogram into pound
5. Write a program to find whether a number is even or odd
6. Write a program to check the largest among the given three
numbers