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Uploaded byManpreet Singh Nanda
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Principles of adult learning

This document discusses principles of adult learning. It outlines the differences between pedagogy (how children learn) and andragogy (how adults learn). Adults are self-directed, draw on prior experience, and are problem-centered rather than content-driven. Principles of adult learning include making material relevant, experiential, collaborative, problem-based, and self-motivated. The role of the teacher is as a facilitator who establishes rapport, treats learners as equals, and makes learning interactive and appealing to adult learners and their needs.

Education◦
PRINCIPLES OF ADULT LEARNING
OBJECTIVES  At the end of session, the participants should be able to  Have better understanding of differences between adult & children learning  Understand principles of adult learning  Better understand the approach to adult teaching learning process
Pedagogy vs Andragogy  Pedagogy – Methods and process by which children learn  Andragogy – Methods and process by which adults learn  ACTIVITY – pair & share  REFLECT YOUR EXPERIENCE AS A LEARNER WHEN YOU WERE A CHILD (SCHOOL). HOW IS IT DIFFERENT FROM YOUR EXPERIENCE WHEN YOU WERE LEARNING AS A ADULT (UG/PG)
PEDAGOGY ANDRAGOGY TEACHER CENTRED LEARNER CENTRED SUBJECT/ CONTENT CENTRED PROBLEM/ TASK CENTRED NO PRIOR EXPERIENCE PRIOR EXPERIENCE ONLY TEACHER PARTICIPATES ALL PARTICIPATE MOTIVATED BY EXTERNAL PRESSURE SELF MOTIVATION PASSIVE LEARNING ACTIVE LEARNING
T L PROCESS  LEARNING – Modification in behaviour or way of thinking or doing  TEACHING – Bringing changes in learner’s behaviour by understanding and skill  WHY NEED TO CHANGE EFFECTIVELY?  Health of patient  Health of society  Competent medical graduate
MALCOLM KNOWLES – PIONEERED FIELD OF ADULT LEARNING
LEARNING DOMAINS  COGNITIVE – KNOWLEDGE  BEHAVIOUR/ PSYCHOMOTOR – PRACTICAL APPLICATION/ SKILLS  AFFECTIVE – ATTITUDE/ BELIEFS  LEARNING STYLES -  VISUAL – LOOKING/ SEEING/ VIEWING – 10% retained  AUDITORY – LISTENING/ HEARING/ SPEAKING (v+a = 30-40% retained)  READING & WRITING  KINESTHETIC – DOING/ HANDS ON (v+a+k = 90% retained)
PRINCIPLES OF ADULT LEARNING  SELF DIRECTED LEARNING  Take responsibility for their learning  Exercise control over learning process & evaluation  Form goals & identify resources  Self motivated  TEACHER – FACILITATOR/ SUPPORTING GUIDE  TRANSFORMATIONAL LEARNING – shift old beliefs/ perspective/ thoughts/ corrective behaviour
 EXPERIENTAL LEARNING  Have real world past experiences  Respect & value  Share with peers  PROJECT/ TASK BASED LEARNING  Learn by doing  Transfer of learning to practice  Interpretation & application
 COLLABORATIVE LEARNING  Learn in groups  Learn from each other  Pair & Share  Observing/ modelling peers  PRACTICAL LEARNING  WHAT IS IN IT FOR ME? – self motivation – hike/ promotion/ award  RELEVANCE – according to need/ roles and responsibility
 PROBLEM/ CASE BASED LEARNING  Apply learning to solve problem  Real life situations  NEVER TELL ADULTS “WHAT IS THIS?”  TELL THEM “HOW AND WHERE IT WORKS”
BARRIERS TO EFFECTIVE ADULT LEARNING  LACK OF TIME WITH FACILITATOR  LACK OF MONEY FOR CONTINUED TRAINING  LACK OF CONFIDENCE AND INTEREST  RED TAPISM/ AUTHORITY POSITION  INABILITY TO PRACTICE WHAT IS LEARNT
T L METHODS Knowledge – Lecture, Discussion, Brainstorming, quizes Psychomotor – Role play, simulation, practicals Affective – consensus making, group activity, standardized patients
ROLE OF TEACHER IN ADULT LEARNING  FACILITATOR  BE AVAILABLE  DEFINE OBJECTIVES  MAKE SHORT APPEALING LECTURE ACCORDING TO NEEDS/ RELEVANCE/ ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES  MORE INTERACTIVE/ GOOD LISTENER  SHOW RESPECT/ TREAT AS EQUALS/ UNTHREATENING ENVIRONMENT/ OPEN FRIENDLY ATMOSPHERE  ESTABLIST RAPPORT WITH LEARNERS  TAKE BREAKS IF LONG
 APPROPRIATE LEVEL OF DIFFICULTY – ENOUGH TO CHALLENGE BUT NOT FRUSTRATE  GROUP DISCUSSIONS  SIMPLE LANGUAGE  AWARDS/ RECOGNITION/ ACKNOWLEDGE/ FEEDBACK  ROLE MODEL – ADULTS LEARN BY EXAMPLE –FACIAL EXPRESSION/ BODY LANGUAGE/ VOICE TONE  MAKE LEARNING FUN  PROVIDE CONTENT FOR SELF STUDY (TBL)  CONCLUDE - MUST
THANK YOU