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Our Incredible Pune City

The document summarizes the history and development of Pune, India. It details how Pune was originally an agricultural settlement that grew as the capital of the Maratha Empire in the 18th century. It became an important center for social and political reform during the British Raj. Today, Pune is a major economic hub known for industries like automotive, IT, and education. It contains several historic sites, parks, and universities that attract students from across India and abroad.

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 We would like to express our special thanks of gratitude to our teacher Mrs. Meena Rajan ma’am as well as our principal Mrs. Preeti Khanna ma’am who gave us the golden opportunity to do this wonderful project on the topic Development in pune, which also helped us in doing a lot of Research and we came to know about so many new things, we are really thankful to them.  Secondly we would also like to thank our parents and friends who helped us a lot in finalizing this project within the limited time frame.
 Pune is the seventh largest metropolis in India and the second largest in the state of Maharashtra.  It is situated 560 metres (1,837 feet) above sea level on the Deccan plateau at the right bank of the Mutha river  Pune city is the administrative headquarters of Pune district and was once the centre of power of the Maratha Empire.  Pune is known to have existed as a town since 847
 It was the first capital of the Maratha Empire under Chhatrapati Shivaji Raje Bhosale  In the 18th century, Pune became the political centre of Indian subcontinent , as the seat of Peshwas who were the prime ministers of the Maratha Empire  Pune is the cultural capital of Maharashtra. Since the 1950-60s, Pune has had traditional old-economy industries which continue to grow.  The city is now also known for Manufacturing, Automobile, Government & Private sector Research Institutes, Information technology (IT) and Educational, Management, Training institutes that attract migrants, students and Professionals not only from India but also students from South east Asia, Middle East and African countries.
Early and medieval  Copper plates dated 858 AD and 868 AD show that by the 8th century an agricultural settlement knownas Punnaka existed where Pune is today.  The plates indicate that this region was ruled by the Rashtrakuta dynasty.  The Pataleshwar rock-cut temple complex was built during this era.  Pune was part of the Seuna Yadavas of Devagiri from the 9th century to 1327.  In 1595, Maloji Raje Bhosale was appointed the jagirdar of Pune by the Mughal Empire.  It was ruled by the Ahmadnagar Sultanate until being annexed by the Mughals in the 17th century.
 In 1626, Shahaji Raje Bhosale (father of Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj) appointed Rango Bapuji Dhadphale as the administrator of Pune.  He was one of the first and the main developer of the town, overseeing many construction of some markets and residential areas like the Kasba Peth, Somwar Peth, Raviwar Peth and Shaniwar Peth.  After the destruction of the town in raids by the Adil Shahi dynasty in 1630 and again in 1636 to 1647, Dadu Kondadev Kulkarni, an administrative servant of Shahaji, oversaw redevelopment and construction of the area.  He stabilized the revenue and administration system of Pune and the neighboring towns of Maval .  In addition, he developed effective methods to manage disputes and to enforce law and order.  Construction began in 1631 on the Lal Mahal.
 The Third Anglo-Maratha War broke out between the Marathas and the British in 1817. The Peshwas were defeated at the Battle of Khadki (then spelt Kirkee) on 5 November near Pune and the city was seized by the British.  It was placed under the administration of the Bombay Presidency and the British built a large military cantonment to the east of the city (now used by the Indian Army). The Pune Municipality was established in 1858.  Navi Peth, Ganj Peth and Mahatma Phule Peth were developed during the British Raj.  Pune was an important centre in the social and religious reform movements of the late 19th century.  Prominent social reformers and freedom fighters lived here, including Bal Gangadhar Tilak, Vitthal Ramji Shinde, Dhondo Keshav Karve and Mahatma Jyotirao Phule.  Dr. Raghunath Karve Vinayak Damodar Savarkar resided in Pune when he enrolled in Fergusson College in 1902.
 As one of the largest cities in India, and as a result of its many colleges and universities, Pune is emerging as a prominent location for IT and manufacturing companies to expand. Pune has the seventh largest metropolitan economy and the sixth highest per capita income in the country.  Volkswagen India Plant and offices in Pune  The automotive sector is prominent in Pune. It is home to the Automotive Research Association of India, which is responsible for the homologation of all vehicles available in India.  All sectors of the automotive industry are represented, from two-wheelers and auto rickshaws to cars, tractors, tempos, excavators and trucks. Automotive companies like Tata Motors, Mahindra & Mahindra, Mercedes Benz, Force Motors (Firodia-Group), Kinetic Motors have set ups in Pune.  Automotive companies including General Motors, Land Rover, Jaguar, Volkswagen, and Fiat have set up greenfield facilities near Pune, leading The Independent to cite Pune as India's "Motor City". Several automotive component manufacturers like Saint-Gobain Sekurit, TATA Autocomp Systems Limited, Robert Bosch GmbH, ZF Friedrichshafen AG, Visteon, and Continental Corporation are located here.
 India's largest engineering conglomerate, the Kirloskar Group, was the first to bring industry to Pune by setting up Kirloskar Oil Engines Ltd in 1945 at Kirkee in Pune.  The Group was originally set up in Kirloskarwadi. Kirloskar Brothers Limited (India's largest manufacturer and exporter of pumps and the largest infrastructure pumping project contractor in Asia), Kirloskar Oil Engines (India's largest diesel engine company), Kirloskar Pneumatics Co. Ltd. and other Kirloskar companies are based in Pune.  The Hinjawadi IT Park (officially called the Rajeev Gandhi IT Park) is a project being started by MIDC to house the IT sector in Pune. When completed, the Hinjawadi IT Park is expected to have an area of about 2,800 acres (11 km2).  The estimated investment in the project is 600 billion (US$10 billion).  To facilitate economic growth, the government made liberal incentives in its IT and ITES Policy, 2003 and leased properties on MIDC land. The IT sector employs more than 70,000 people. Software giant Microsoft intends to set up a 7
Air  Pune International Airport is an international airport at Lohegaon, operated by the Airports Authority of India. It shares its runways with the neighbouring Indian Air Force base. In addition to domestic flights to all major Indian cities, this airport serves international direct flights to Dubai (operated by Air India Express) and to Frankfurt (operated by Lufthansa).  The Maharashtra Industrial Development Corporation is responsible for the design and construction of a New Pune International Airport. The area between Chakan and Rajgurunagar, around the villages of Chandus and Shiroli, is being considered as a construction site.  If constructed here, it will be at a distance of 40 km (25 mi) from central Pune. They have passed tendor for Pune International Airport at Chakan Pune. This project it will be complete till Dec-17.
Rail  Local trains (EMUs) connect Pune to the industrial town of Pimpri-Chinchwad and the hill station of Lonavala, while daily express trains connect Pune to Mumbai, Hyderabad, Delhi, Nagpur, Thiruvananthapur am,Kochi, Coimbatore, Chennai, Bangalore, Kanpur, Howr ah, Jammu Tawi, Goa, Varanasi, Patna, and Jamshedpur. At Pune, there is diesel locomotive shed and electric trip shed.  A rapid transit system has been proposed in Pune and is scheduled to begin operations in 2013. Pune Metro Rail is being planned in consultation with Delhi Metro Rail Corporation Limited, the corporation which built and operates the Delhi Metro. It will be a combination of elevated and underground sections, with initial routes being planned between Pimpri-Swargate and Vanaz-Ramwadi.  The city has a railway station, Pune Railway Station. The station is administrated by the Pune Railway Division of the Central Railways. All the railway lines to Pune are broad gauge.
Basic and special education  Public schools (known locally as "municipality schools") are run by the Pune Municipal Corporation, and are affiliated with the Maharashtra State Board of Secondary and Higher Secondary Education. Private schools are run by educational trusts or individuals. The four schools are older than any other schools of Pune; those are Bhave school, Nutan Marathi Vidyalay, Camp Education Society School and New English School.  They are usually affiliated to either the state board or to national education boards, such as the Indian Certificate of Secondary Education, CBSE or NIOS boards. CADDCENTRE Training services ChandanNagar-pune training centre for Computer Aided Design (CAD), Computer Aided Engineering (CAE), and Computer Aided Manufacturing (CAM), courses for students and working professionals of Mechanical, Civil, Electrical & Electronics engineering, Architecture, and Project Management.  The University of pune is the largest centre for Japanese learning in India. Other languages including German (taught at the Max Muller Bhavan) and French (at the Alliance Française de Pune) are popular in the city.
University education  Most colleges in Pune are affiliated to the University of Pune, established in 1948. Seven other universities have also been established in the city.  The College of Engineering Pune, now autonomous institute of government of Maharashtra, founded in 1854, is the third oldest engineering college in Asia. The Deccan Education Society was founded by several local citizens in 1884, including social and political activist Bal Gangadhar Tilak, and was responsible for founding Fergusson College in 1885. This society maintains and operates 32 institutes in Pune.  Symbiosis International University, which operates 33 colleges and institutions in the city, includes colleges like Symbiosis Institute of Business Management(SIBM, Pune),Symbiosis Centre for Management and Human Resource Development (SCMHRD) and Symbiosis Institute of International Business (SIIB) which are ranked amongst the top management institutes in the country and Symbiosis Institute of Computer Studies and Research (SICSR) which is one of the few colleges in India that promotes Open source technology. Pune is also home to Symbiosis Institute of Technology of the Symbiosis family.
Major tourist attractions  Shaniwar Wada : Shaniwar Wada was the palace of the great rulers Peshwa Dynasty in Pune. The structure was built by the Peshwa Baji Rao in 1730. The Palace was destroyed in a big fire in 1827; the mammoth structure of the walls survived the fire.  Shaniwar Wada stands testimony to the Maratha culture and its architectural design shows influences of Mughal style and features of Maratha artistic styles too. The 21 feet tall massive door of the palace known as Delhi Darwaza is one of the remains of the grand old Palace.  Dagadusheth Halwai Ganapati Temple : The temple was founded in 1893 by Dagadusheth Halwai, a sweetmart seller who became a wealthy businessman.  Halwai had lost his son the previous year, and at the request of his guru created murtis (image of a deity) of Ganesha and Dattatreya. He later established the Halwai Ganapati Trust. Bal Gangadhar Tilak, during the British Raj, gave a public form to the Ganesh festival celebrations as a way of getting around an order that barred public meetings.
Museums, parks and zoos  Prominent museums in Pune include the Raja Dinkar Kelkar Museum Mahatma Phule Museum, Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Museum and the Pune Tribal Museum.  The College of Military Engineering has an archive and an equipment museum which has a rail exhibit with a metre-gauge train. A large railway museum is also coming up in Lonavala about 60 km (37 mi) away from the city on the Mumbai railway line.  Pune has public gardens, such as the Kamala Nehru Park Sambhaji Park Shahu Udyan, Peshwe Park, Saras Baug, Empress Garden, Taljai Hills and Bund Garden. The Pune-Okayama Friendship Garden, is a replica of the Korakuen Garden in Okayama, Japan.  The Aga Khan Palace was built by Sultan Muhammed Shah Aga Khan III in Pune, India. Built in 1892, it is one of the biggest landmarks in Indian history. The palace was an act of charity by the Sultan who wanted to help the poor in the neighbouring areas of Pune, who were drastically hit by famine.
 Aga Khan Palace is a majestic building and is considered to be one of the greatest marvels of India.  The palace is closely linked to the Indian freedom movement as it served as a prison for Mahatma Gandhi, his wife Kasturba Gandhi, his secretary Mahadev Desai and Sarojini Naidu.  It is also the place where Kasturba Gandhi and Mahadev Desai died.  In 2003, Archeological Survey of India (ASI) declared the place as a monument of national importance.  The Rajiv Gandhi Zoological Park is located at Katraj, close to the city. The zoo, earlier located at Peshwe Park, was merged with the reptile park at Katraj in 1999. Besides this, certain spots in Pune such as Hanuman Tekdi, Vetaal Tekdi and Taljai forest are popular haunts for nature lovers.  As the agro-pharmaceutical business has dwindled in recent decades, immigration from erstwhile tribal peoples now accounts for seventy percent of population growth and education syllabi have not adjusted in accordance with other industrialized regions.  This has created what has become an exclusive environment in the government's expansion of education infrastructure, and Marathi literati have received a number of grants in areas that were previously ignored.
 Anu Aga Industrialist  Mohan Agashe doctor and veteran actor  Bal Gangadhar Tilak, first popular leader of the Indian Independence Movement  Bhimsen Joshi, Hindustani Classical vocalist  Chandu Borde, cricketer  Cyrus Poonawala, businessman  Deepika Samson, Television Actress  Dhanraj Pillay, hockey player  Mahatma Jyotiba Phule, social reformer  Nilu Phule, actor  P. A. Inamdar, educationalist, visionary  Prabha Atre, Musician  Pu La Deshpande, writer  Raghunath Mashelkar, Scientist
 By the above presentation we can conclude that Pune city has made a remarkable development over the years in the fields of Education , Transportation , Economy , Architecture and many more  We hope you have gathered a lot about Pune from the presentation .