Orthotic Knee Joints

Orthotic Knee Joints

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  ORTHOTIC KNEE JOINTS • PRESENTEDBY : • AAMIR SIDDIQUI ( 2nd Year )
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  CONTENTS INTRODUCTION TYPES SINGLE AXIS KNEE JOINT OFFSETKNEE JOINT POLYCENTRIC KNEE JOINT KNEE JOINTS WITH LOCKING MECHANSIM ADVANCED ORTHTIC KNEE JOINT
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  INTRODUCTION Mimics the function of anatomical knee. Orthoticknee joints are the joints which are used in KAFO’s, HKAFO’s, KO’s etc. It supports or assist the anatomical knee.
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  TYPES They can be classified accordingto axis: • CONCENTRIC • ECCENTRIC
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  CONCENTRIC KNEE JOINT Axisof the joint placed centrally. Made out of three parts: Joint unit , • Upper Upright, and • Lower Upright. Made up of die-cast steel. Weight of joint is less. Give less flexion to knee. No positive locking and unlocking system of joint.
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  CONCENTRIC KNEE JOINT Costis more. Joint is not very durable. Difficult to give shape as its vulnerable to break. Example : ALIMCO Joint
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  ECCENTRIC KNEE JOINT Axisis not placed centrally. Made up of mild steel. Weight is more Provide positive locking system. Gives more flexion at knee.
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  SINGLE AXIS KNEEJOINT Also known as straight knee joint or free knee. Permits unrestricted movement into flexion and extension to 180 degrees. INDICATIONS: Mild to moderate genu varum or genu valgum
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  OFFSET KNEE JOINT Mechanicalaxis is located posterior to the weight line. Stable without a lock. Free to bend during swing and allows sitting.
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  POLYCENTRIC KNEE JOINT Followthe natural motion at knee more accurately. Principle designs of PKJ: • Two meshing gears • A plate with two pivots (genu-centric). Aids in patient’s comfort while sitting.
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  KNEE JOINT WITHLOCKING MECHANISM
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  DROP RING LOCK ControlFlexion Usually located on the lateral bar but may be placed medially if there is involvement of the upper limb on the same side as the orthosis. When the mechanical knee joint is in full extension, the ring drops over the joint manually or by gravity. Lock is simple and sturdy. It has a tendency to bend in the presence of spasticity. A spring loaded pull road may be added to the ring. A spring drives the drop lock down automatically so that individual need not bend to lock or unlock the joint.
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  SWISS LOCK KNEEJOINT Also known as Bail, Pawl or French Lock. Permits unlocking of both joints simultaneously. Easier to lock and unlock. Can unlock accidently if bumped. Allows the medial & lateral knee locks to be disengaged at the same time by posterior pressure as against the edge of seating surfaces. Useful for paraplegics.
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  VARIABLE POSITION LOCKINGJOINT Also known as Dial Lock or Adjustable Position locking knee joint. Simple, effective and sturdy. Can be locked while accommodating knee flexion contracture. Provides external mechanism stability. Spastic paralysis.
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  ADVANCEMENT IN ORTHOTICKNEE JOINTS
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  SWING & STANCE PHASEKNEE JOINT Designed for patients with quadriceps weakness. Its arrangement permit the patient with lower limb paralysis to have more closely natural gait pattern.
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  ADVANTAGES Stance Phase Stability. SwingPhase Freedom. Decrease need for compensatory strategy. Reduced energy expenditure. Less stress and strain applied to patient’s lower back while walking.
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  CONTRAINDICATIONS Fix knee deformity. Hip flexion deformity. Hip contracture. Poor balanceand in co- ordination.
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  TYPES OF SNSKNEE JOINTS Stance Control Orthotic knee joint ( Horton ) UTX Swing knee joint Swing phase lock orthotic knee joint. Load response knee joint. G-knee E-knee
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  CONCLUSION
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  THANK YOU