The document discusses the concept of open data, particularly in the context of Italy, emphasizing its importance for transparency and efficiency in government. It addresses definitions, barriers to implementation, and the benefits of making public sector data available for reuse. The document also highlights examples of open government data initiatives and outlines a wish list for future improvements in open data practices.

1. Open (Government) Data
and some hints about Italy
Maurizio Napolitano <maurizio.napolitano@okfn.org>

2. Index
Definitions
Why
How
The Public Administration
Example with transport data
Italy
References

3. Definitions

4. Definitions (Data)
single pieces
of information
of every nature
descriptions of facts
reproducible without ambiguities
parts of larger information or knowledge structures
can be expressed and stored in digital formats
Data → Information → Knowledge → Wisdom
http://digitalcuration.blogspot.com/2009/05/what-are-data.html

5. Definitions (Open)
source: http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/open
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open

6. Definition of Open Data
Opendefinition.org
“A piece of content or data is open if anyone is free to use,
use
reuse, and redistribute it — subject only, at most,
reuse
to the requirement to attribute and share-alike.”
http://opendefinition.org/okd/

7. Data and Open Data
Wildlife and plants
protected
Business secrets Aggregated
Anything else
Statistical secret Anonymized
Privacy
Military secrets
Data Open Data

8. Why?

9. … it is an old story
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Snow_%28physician%29

10. Transparency and Open Government
My Administration is committed to creating
an unprecedented level of openness in
Government.
We will work together to ensure the public
trust and establish a system of transparency,
transparency
public participation, and collaboration.
Openness will strengthen our democracy
and promote efficiency and effectiveness in
Government.
Transparency and Open Government Memorandum for the Heads of Executive Departments and Agencies (2009)

11. Now …
Open […] Data
http://www.trentinoopendata.eu
Open Government Data
http://opengovernmentdata.org/film/
Open Community Data
Open Linked Data
http://www.ted.com/talks/lang/eng/tim_berners_lee_the_year_open_data_went_worldwide.html

12. USA

13. UK

14. Two years after

15. One year after

16. more ...
http://opengovernmentdata.org/data/catalogues/

17. HOW?

18. The Open Data Handbook :)
http://opendatahandbook.org/

19. How open up data

20. Linked Open Data
★ make your stuff available on the Web
(whatever format) under an open license
★★ make it available as structured data
(e.g., Excel instead of image scan of a table)
★★★ use non-proprietary formats
(e.g., CSV instead of Excel)
★★★★ use URIs to identify things, so that people can point at your stuff
★★★★★ link your data to other data to provide context
http://lab.linkeddata.deri.ie/2010/star-scheme-by-example/

21. Licenses
Please don't forget the open definition!!!

22. Definition of Open Data
“A piece of content or data is open if anyone is
free to use, reuse, and redistribute it —
use reuse
subject only, at most, to the requirement to
attribute and share-alike.”

23. Which license
http://www.jordanhatcher.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2010/10/Open_v_Public_licenses_Venn.002-001.png

24. Public Domain
PERMISSIONS CONSTRAINTS
NOTHING
SHARE
CREATE ADAPT
http://www.publicdomainmanifesto.org/
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/

25. Attribution
PERMISSIONS CONSTRAINTS
ATTRIBUTION
SHARE
CREATE ADAPT
ODC AL – CC-BY – IODL 2.0

26. Share a Like
PERMISSIONS CONSTRAINTS
ATTRIBUTION
SHARE
SHARE ALIKE
CREATE ADAPT
ODbL – CC-BY-SA – IODL 1.0

27. The Public Administration
or Open Government Data
or PSI – Public Sector Information

28. P.A. and Data
DISSEMINATE
COLLECT MANAGE UPDATE
SHARE
SERVICE PAID BY TAXES
vs
distribution at marginal cost average cost recovery
transparency optimization costs
loss of income high transaction costs

29. PSI directive
EU directive to make the
public sector information
available for re-use
2003
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Directive_on_the_re-use_of_public_sector_information
In Italy = C.A.D.
http://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Codice_dell%27amministrazione_digitale

30. European Commission trusts in Open Data
http://europa.eu/rapid/pressReleasesAction.do?reference=IP/11/1524
http://ec.europa.eu/information_society/policy/psi/index_en.htm

31. But ...

32. Barriers for implementation of OGD
Data islands
Insufficient quality of data
hard shell o
T he f
Censorship Secrets
Op
en Government
low budget
huge feedback
distribution costs Missing resources Unpredictable impact
human resources new requirments
The hard shell of Open Government ( B. Lutz, 2012) - Barriers for implementation of OGD in Austrian public administrations
2012

33. NOT GOOD OPEN DATA PRACTICES
http://blog.okfn.org/2011/06/07/when-washington-dc-took-a-step-back-from-open-data-transparency/

34. a formula for making this possible
1.Leadership
also / primarily political
2.Crisis
ex. budget cuts
3.Heroes
(from government / administration)
people that believe is possible,
but also ready to lose
4.(Pressure from citizens)
http://www.linkedin.com/in/laurencemillar

35. Open Government recipie
Tecnology Law
Communication

36. Understand the data ...
Image by EpicGraphic

37. A good example
Communication
Der Weg zu Open Government (Data) Wien
http://data.wien.gv.at/neuigkeiten/wege/
Understand the data
Radfahranlagen
http://data.wien.gv.at/katalog/radfahranlagen.html
An italian summary
http://smartinnovation.forumpa.it/story/69393/la-citta-di-vienna-e-l-open-government-schiaccianoci

38. An example of data re-use …
(transport data)

39. Why only for Google Transit?

40. Another use :)
http://www.mapnificent.net/
http://www.mysociety.org/2007/more-travel-maps/morehousing

41. http://linz.faehrt.at/
Real Time Transport map

42. Hints about Italy

43. Italy trusts the open data
http://www.agenda-digitale.it/

44. Story ...

45. Regione Piemonte
Approvazione delle nuove Linee Guida regionali in materia
di riuso
Sono state approvate dalla Regione Piemonte le nuove linee guida che definiscono come riusabili
tutti i dati in possesso della Regione di tipo aggregato/anonimo o senza vincoli di privacy e che
adottano come licenza standard la Licenza CC-zero.
Queste linee guida licenziano in automatico con licenza standard CC-zero, anche tutti i dati ad
oggi pubblicati e scaricabili dal sito istituzionale o da altri canali istituzionali della Regione.
[...]

46. Regione Piemonte - CC0
http://www.dati.piemonte.it/blog/item/approvazione-delle-nuove-linee-guida-regionali-in-materia-di-riuso.html
[…] tutti i dati in possesso della Regione di tipo
aggregato/anonimo o senza vincoli di privacy [..]
adottano come licenza standard la
Licenza CC-zero.

47. ISTAT
[…] tutti i contenuti pubblicati [...]
Creative Commons - Attribuzione -
versione 3.0 o successiva.
[...] possibile riprodurre, distribuire,
trasmettere e adattare liberamente dati e
analisi dell'Istituto nazionale di statistica,
anche a scopi commerciali, a condizione
che venga citata la fonte.
http://www.istat.it/it/note-legali
[...]
Non è necessaria alcuna autorizzazione
per creare collegamenti ipertestuali
verso le pagine di questo sito.
http://dati.istat.it/

48. Italian Open Government Data
Regions and autonomous Provices with a ogd data portal
Dark Green → official data portal
Light Green → some datasets
*
*Lazio is only for the Province of Rome

49. dati.gov.it (november 2011)
+Bologna, Faenza, Firenze, Udine, Torino ….

50. Trentino ...
The 40% of the geodata managed by
the Provincia Autonoma of Trento are
Open Data
Press release http://goo.gl/yNPgD 17/02/2012

51. wish list fo the next year
Open Government Data as a Right
More Schemas (Knowledge APIs) – keep it focused, let’s not try to boil the ocean
Open Data as a Platform, Not a Commodity
Massive Interconnection Between Open Data Sites
Open Corporate Data (for and by Corporates)
Standards (e.g. for catalog metadata) for Data Portals and Data Hubs
Open Data for Growth – making clear the the connection
Strong international norms for data inventories
Organizational identifiers – Dunn & Bradstreet should be replaced with open data
MiData – getting personal data out of corporates and government back into the hands of the people
whose data it is
51
http://blog.okfn.org/2011/10/23/open-data-wishlist-for-the-next-year/

52. wish list fo the next year
Open Government Data as a Right
More Schemas (Knowledge APIs) – keep it focused, let’s not try to boil the ocean
Open Data as a Platform, Not a Commodity
Massive Interconnection Between Open Data Sites
Open Corporate Data (for and by Corporates)
Standards (e.g. for catalog metadata) for Data Portals and Data Hubs
Open Data for Growth – making clear the the connection
Strong international norms for data inventories
Organizational identifiers – Dunn & Bradstreet should be replaced with open data
MiData – getting personal data out of corporates and government back into the hands of the people whose data it is
52
http://blog.okfn.org/2011/10/23/open-data-wishlist-for-the-next-year/

53. Open Data and Law
(open data as right)
Green → law
Orange → resolution
Red → proposal
http://blog.ernestobelisario.eu/2012/03/09/mappa-delle-leggi-regionali-in-materia-di-open-data/

54. OKF support ...

55. Data „tools“
Comprehensive Knowledge Archive Network
About the project http://ckan.org
The project http://ckan.net - http://thedatahub.org
The italian hub http://it.ckan.net
Europe http://publicdata.eu/
World http://opendatasearch.org/
Get the data http://getthedata.org/
Under the hood – DATAPKG http://packages.python.org/datapkg/

56. OKFN initiatives
http://opengovernmentdata.org/
http://opendatachallenge.org/
http://wheredoesmymoneygo.org/
http://openspending.org/
http://energy.publicdata.eu/ee/
http://publicdomainworks.net/
http://bibliographica.org/
VISIT US
http://www.okfn.org/
JOIN US
http://okfn.org/register/

57. Thanks!
Thanks
Twitter: napo
Blog: http://de.straba.us
Email: maurizio.napolitano@okfn.org
Slide: http://slideshare.net/napo
I offer positions for internship, thesis, developers ...