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Nervous System NCERT Based Notes PDF| Irfanullah Mehar | Neurons | CNS | PNS | Cerebrum | Cerebellum | Amygdala | Medulla Oblongata | Spinal Cord | Sympathetic & Parasympathetic NS | Sensory Organs | Comparative Brain and Eye Anatomy

Nervous System NCERT Based Notes PDF| Irfanullah Mehar | Neurons | CNS | PNS | Cerebrum | Cerebellum | Amygdala | Medulla Oblongata | Spinal Cord | Sympathetic & Parasympathetic NS | Sensory Organs | Comparative Brain and Eye Anatomy

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Zoology <br> Notes <br> In Hindi & English <br> Compiled by Irfanullah Mehar <br> Pokaran, Jaisalmer (Raj.) <br> O @irfanullah_mehar <br> World of Wisdom <br> M irfanullah3119 @gmail.com <br> World of Wisdom <br>
Scan to Join Telegram Channel <br> @WORLDOFWISDOMSS <br> Shady. <br> Dran <br> * Spinal Cose <br> (Nevea) <br> Sensery <br> Scan for more related Study <br> Material PDFs <br> Navous ystu <br> D6lo3 2o25 <br> Neno ley (ifsa fag) <br> gytn <br> steny- Nerae <br>
NOTE <br> etsal <br> Neus <br> NOTE Neuon <br> * Neunen ) <br> Neuam Coll 7 <br> Neuern <br> ¢ Fuctienal Unit <br> ystem <br> Powe) 0)04 <br> Neie <br> Cel Uvision <br> (15 metey <br> Nave Cel (1.5 ,) <br> Gatresome (REY ) gufzaa <br> (Regenenatfng <br>
sheath Sehusan's Gol <br> Plsma enbrane 2a Col)) <br> Neuti lemm sheath eua <br> Aasm embrane <br> myelin sheath (HI) za) <br> Nersn <br> lemma= Axo lernNN e <br> Stuctre Sh <br> >Nucleus % Bchwann's Coll <br> Nucleus <br> Schuanns Cell <br> Axn <br> Ranvier <br> Sem (ell Body ) <br> Knobe <br> Synptic Atobe <br> Axon hilock <br> Node <br> Neurotrarmetter <br> Dencbites <br> Telodendía <br> Axon <br> Neuafibes <br> Axon <br> Nissl's bodies <br> (Nissl's ranules) <br> Dendon <br> (EHIEY) <br> Irfanullah Mehar, Jodhpur Rajasthan 26Jul 2025, 23:45 <br> ER. <br>
Ongin Neaon - <br> Dvelopment Ners <br> lst Newen <br> Lowe <br> 1st Caphalizatfon kend in <br> Dovelepud In <br> invetebrates <br> , Disects (Arthspoda) <br> Veterates <br> ( Mammals ) <br> srg Nenvous <br> Newon <br> Ectoemal <br> s) <br> - <br> Cnidaa <br> heeue <br> Ectodemal <br> (Coalenterata) <br> - s7 <br> Apslan <br> Platyhelminta <br> deeleped (gaan) <br> speaialized (afafaa) Cel <br> aj <br>
OR <br> Syton Samq <br> OR <br> peilkagyen <br> Cell Body <br> Newrn 91JT <br> Gol <br> gton <br> Dendron <br> Neuagtbea, <br> Process e Neunon <br> Prskanyon Somatun <br> Nissl?s ganules <br> Axom <br> Cell <br> Nissl's granulee <br> .8iutc Ribosome + ER <br> t <br>
Nissl's <br> Niscl's <br> Process <br> ranules <br> Protún heaís. <br> grnlee oreaent fn Gten <br> NÍssl's ranulea abcent in - <br> Neuton <br> (í) Dendrene (h) <br> erñg <br> y) <br> Qendron <br> Pranchea o <br> Denelriteu 5Ed <br> Denahon <br> Dendilee <br> Axm <br> Small Braneheo <br> + <br> Axon illocke <br> - <br>
Dendrem <br> (ii) Axm <br> (ifss) <br> size Lmg <br> hillock <br> Denites <br> boent <br> myelin ehadh <br> Telodendia (Telocdenelaiom - singutas) | <br> SS] (Axom) Nissl's renuba <br> aaateal <br> gra (mpulse) <br> Unbranahed <br> Smpulse <br> (grma) <br> s to ak (myelín sheath) <br> Axen <br> myeli n sheath ER Axm <br> (i) myelinate myen sheath tnt <br> i) Unmyel'nated- myelin sheath nt <br>
O Non- myelinated <br> ANS <br> Axm <br> Aetin Poten tal <br> matter +t <br> Shal conduciom-Cmtinova <br> myelinated Axo <br> t non-mitelnateol <br> Acticn potetiad <br> Colou <br> hijelin sheat <br> Signal- Fast <br> wile <br> À White Matter tt <br> Spnal Gnducioy <br> Aatatog) <br> X Vedebr atee <br>
1 <br> Axon tn <br> Gomcuction d Smpulse in <br> (v6ffy) <br> Zmpuke <br> vg loch cal <br> X Process <br> Axon <br> Oendites <br> Dendrons <br> Axom <br> Axon feumi nle <br> J <br> L message <br> Dendi te <br> ## Ruting Potedial <br> -Ist (ell <br> 2nd Cely) <br>
Ls Potentas dienehce <br> leakcage channele <br> gtinulus (s1)) – <br> Chemicoad eignal J , ewren <br> Membrne <br> t# Depolarizton <br> Nait <br> mom brne potontlal <br> potentfa! <br> Potechia <br> 70 mV <br> Peak ua Pote <br> Ngt Channel <br> 55mV <br>
NOT E) <br> t# Actcn Potetial - <br> depstaization <br> stimuate <br> Process <br> Nat Channel 2a0a - <br> afe Myclinateal Nouum Saltadony <br> Conduction cbea ] <br> Chennel <br> fg <br> Channel <br> Balence <br>
37)J <br> Ls Axon teminle <br> newohanarm ítte <br> mext <br> eoopoys <br> Dapulse <br> - <br> anpuee <br> acetylckoine) <br> dondhite <br> Scan to Join Telegram Channel <br> O0 <br> @WORLDOFWISDOMSS <br>
Evtracellulas <br> Hiqh Nt <br> Atrocelulae <br> Polaisedl - <br> Ngt <br> Polasized membrane <br> Depolavized <br> Negatfve oganíc <br> No Kt <br> Polarise <br> Kt N <br> kt <br> N <br> Ngt <br> No <br> Ngt <br> Ngt <br> Kt <br> Re polaniseol <br> kt <br> Ngt- t Aunp <br> Axm <br> sitmulus applied <br> Repolaíseal <br> Exoted axon <br> de-polaisedl <br> Areideol <br> Axm <br>
NeurenT <br> Axolemm4- <br> Newntsans mttey <br> Dendoon <br> Aon <br> Synapsís <br> Myelin sheuth <br> Neilemn <br> Nucleo schuoann's cell <br> Coll <br> Shwenn <br> Nen-D <br> Axom teminl <br> Snaptie vesícleg <br> Pre-synaptíc <br> Mmembne <br> Syhaptie Cleft N <br> Post ynaptic <br> membrane <br> A <br> Receptors (sne) <br>
(3) Caz* entry causes <br> neurotransmitter-containing <br> synaptic vesicles to release <br> their contents by exocytosis. <br> Neurotransmitter diffuses across <br> the synaptic cleft and binds to <br> ligand-gated ion channels on the <br> postsynaptic membrane. <br> Synaptic cleft <br> Neurotransmitter <br> ytoplasm <br> Localized membrane <br> potential <br> lon movement <br> Presynaptic <br> neuron <br> Graded potential <br> 5) Binding of neurotransmitter opens <br> Open ligand-gated ion channel <br> potentials. <br> lon channels, resuting ingradedd-gated <br> Ca2+ <br> Postsynaptic neuron <br> Presynaptic neuron <br> Action potential <br> arrives at axon <br> terminal. <br> presynaptic <br> neuron <br> Axon terminal <br> Postsynaptic neuron <br> Synaptic <br> vesicles <br> Reuptake by degradation <br> (2) Voltage-gated Ca2• <br> channels open and <br> Ca2* enters the <br> axon teminal. <br> Enzymatic, <br> Diffusion away <br> from synapse <br> Closed ligand-gated ion channel <br> 6) Reuptake by the presynapic neuron, enzymatic degradation, <br> and diffusion reduce neurotransmitter levels, terminaing the <br> signal. <br>
ypes oh Neuen <br> fat Neuhon Senabsm <br> D (Pole) <br> Newsom <br> Nonpo lar Apola <br> yton present <br> AXon <br> Pevden <br> Newem <br> ( Coelendrata ersalaia) <br> Unipolas ( neaey) Nunen <br> absent <br> abset <br> K Em brene stage H <br> pole present <br> agat <br> Axey <br> gton <br>
Dendons <br> Bipclaa (tgty) <br> udn <br> Dendaitee <br> yton <br> Neten <br> AXom <br> Neren <br> Ey- Retina ( Egre), <br> olfactoy epitilia <br> (gg T) – <br> ) Axon <br> Cochlea eas <br> Multiple 9ndrene <br> Com mo <br> Motos Cool <br> Com mm <br>
( Bsendeunipsdas) <br> Pseudo pslar Neuwn <br> -Dendrom <br> Bran <br> Aet a <br> actas <br> Dorsal votgglin <br> Scan to Join Telegram Channel <br> O0 <br> @WORLDOFWISDOMSS <br> nerong <br>
y pes Newns <br> Newronu on <br> C) Sens <br> Snat coies <br> Newnen <br> EHeotor oan <br> Ex <br> Byain <br> ü) mstor Newron <br> e basis <br> the basis <br> t0 CNS <br> Dnpulae <br> ( Func on ) <br> pulse Cncuetion <br> Brain <br> 1,2,8 th Cranial nerure <br> trom CNS <br> Snpulae eator engan <br> EA- 3,4,6,34,)2 4h Cranial enes <br> JoJD- 5,7,9, 40 th <br>
(iiü) Mixed Newen <br> Bscun <br> Ex <br> (fafaa ) <br> Gonpulse <br> 5,+ ,9, )0 th <br> (Au spial news) <br> Cruual neses <br> Scan to Join Telegram Channel <br> Eteots gun <br> @WORLDOFWISDOMSS <br> Telegram Channeljoin karke Download karein PDFs <br> & <br> other related Study Material <br>
Gentral Neavu Systen>CNS <br> (- rsy ) <br> Brain <br> Nenvous System x <br> L spinad Cord (59g) <br> SNS <br> (Sosmatfc Neavous <br> (ofs <br> gplen) <br> ) <br> Prampatatic <br> Peripheral Nenvas eten <br> Cranial Nevea <br> ANS <br> 12 paùrc <br> ometor <br> mixec <br> Spinal Neus <br> 1 <br> PNS <br> (Awtoncmeus Nevos $tem) <br> mpothatfe <br>
Spinal Cosd <br> NOTE Cranial Neves <br> Písces <br> fAmphí bíq <br> Reptillg <br> Aves <br> Mammal'o <br> Bxain <br> 10 paivs <br> Cranial Neves <br> Spinal Nhves <br> (rnásia) <br> 12 pars <br> 19 <br> 12 pairs <br> 8) Pais <br> A <br>
Dissecteal &pecimen <br> NOTE <br> mind <br> Brain set <br> Boain <br> has o <br> 66 <br> yo <br> Thís a not ust <br> a heVWS <br> Human NeVous <br> pain <br> Tis <br> glnofng Facts * <br> Love , evey dea <br> Lives igt hese <br> teally <br> pain Teceptors <br> gystem. <br> eceptors <br> RS-SINo) ) <br>
NOTE) <br> NOT E <br> E| <br> NOTE <br> vess ols ae (Pain 3eoepters) <br> Myelinated <br> Sped <br> Human <br> (billion) <br> Neutemg <br> Neue Snpulae <br> byaln aprex <br> Refleres s-i Splnal cosd as <br> 1 <br>
NOTE E NS = Entec Nevous <br> NOTE <br> gecond <br> 4 <br> Brain co) <br> 10 <br> rain <br> 60 <br> Nen cb) <br> Syste <br> bran fe <br> Vewsong <br> faty aeldl <br>
Craniad Nene <br> motor Nen <br> Bra n <br> mstesNeuno <br> EHeent Nero <br> EKkeat Newson <br> Smooth <br> Musce <br> ANS <br> SNS <br> (Major pant) <br> Skeletal <br> Muscle <br> Control <br> Pbercud Ncwre <br> erent euen <br> Voluucay <br> Nowrem <br> Suney <br> Newen <br> Sensy <br> Control <br> Jteunal <br> Bocy <br> og <br> ( heast) <br> Ghlendls <br> Pexfs (R) <br> Runni ng <br> writing <br> Speal<ing <br>
Voluntay <br> SNS <br> uscles <br> Dnrelnto <br> NS <br> T <br> aunsu <br> Spínal <br> ANS <br> Puscles <br> SNS <br> PNS <br> sNS <br> cb) <br> PNS <br> .1) <br> CNS to Thvouta <br> 0) CNS to Omovth Muacle ) <br> A) CNS to skin <br> Skeletal Muscle <br> to <br> D) CNS <br> (Ans D <br>
1 <br> CNS <br> CNS <br> Grun <br> Cotra! Nehvos <br> Brai n <br> K Latín tem <br> EEG = <br> male <br> n female <br> + <br> Spinad cord <br> (919) <br> Encephalon <br> le-ro) <br> Etectroencefhalogm <br> (z0aLo) <br> 1400 <br> )850 <br> Etod emal <br>
Brauh <br> Taleneephalon <br> X Pats o <br> Syetem <br> Limbfc <br> Clacteny Lobe <br> Hippo <br> caunpus <br> clala <br> Cerebrum <br> Emotional <br> erain <br> Diencehalon ypothaamue <br> Prosencephalon <br> (Fee brj n) <br> Thalams <br> Epithalamus <br> rCopora Quadrigemind <br> mesencephalon <br> ( midbrain) <br> N <br> S <br> Crug cerebi <br> (Cerebral Pealunele) <br> Rhombencephalen <br> (Hind brain) <br> Meslulla blagot myelencepkalon <br> Spi nal ove <br> Metenceplalom <br> Pors <br> Cevebelum <br> (aqf) <br> (sn Embo) <br>
Gonening <br> Arachhofd vu <br> i) Dha Mater <br> blood vessels <br> Iim) Pia mate <br> Arain <br> BRAJN <br> (0) Argchnoid mater (A) mdde <br> Canebmn <br> Skull <br> dura mater <br> arachnoid mater <br> pla mater <br> (D) <br> (P) <br> Skin <br> 311420] <br> Candum <br> CSE <br> Guter <br> Brain coveirg <br> Cenesro apiha <br> Arqehnojd water <br> pia mater <br> meinges <br> (afassr) <br>
Dua Mater <br> X Outer most layo* <br> Doble, Tough (3), A <br> Non- elastic <br> Tick Abrous <br> Cranialveins <br> X Dwa mates <br> Sub duhal space <br> CSF <br> (Cerebvospihal lata) <br> Funetion <br> mechawcel <br> Poote etim, skul) <br> Meaning <br> Dwrg Hano <br> Arachncid Mate <br> mfddle oy <br> ANstaR ( webike) <br> Shhuctwe <br> Wel deyeleped ahachnoid <br> NOTE°Oly Present in <br> Mammals. <br> Piq nate <br> Arachnsíd <br> Ayachni <br> CSF <br> Qubaachinoid K <br> ta) - Subasodhi <br> Space <br> cSF <br> &p'eley <br> iee <br> Pig mate <br> Dhnen mosl Loyer <br> Brain Sulci <br> Pia mater <br> Arachnfd <br> - Subatachi <br> space y. i <br> vascul <br> ^0), blod suppy <br> aereitiriy <br> iq Sot <br>
moninges <br> CSF= <br> arsafee (moingitis) <br> L Yetlouieh lid <br> sLipty <br> Arachnofd vi <br> cSF <br> gucose <br> Bacteia <br> alkaline <br> (99) <br> Hcoa etc. ) + <br> A lbunin globulin proteín, <br> t Cholotero inle <br> +Dong( Nat, cf, Ca <br> Hith protein <br> Inteatin <br> Viyus <br> Ateios hord <br> plexue <br> Jumor <br> ymphogyte9,+ Wate, <br> A) <br> mandhgit's <br>
fs <br> CSF <br> () Proteetion <br> rit) Bugany <br> tiv) <br> (in) nlete Remenal <br> foats <br> ol Tte ( Cerebral Aquealue) <br> (v) Dstra crania <br> Brain Spinal Conal sidj <br> Brain t spinal cord <br> Shocks (9H) traumq <br> rculetien o Nutients. <br> Pres wue <br> Brain <br> Regulation <br>
(aksa) <br> Prasencephaton Fe brain) <br> | <br> Ceebmum (Hf) <br> * Rasenerh lon <br> * Langekt pat Brnin. <br> (B0-5 ) <br> Telencephlen ) <br> Upper most pet <br> a, - <br> Sulci <br> - <br> cb) 3) <br> GsswOs <br> Prorn <br> - ungihedina <br> 3sWe <br>
Duct o Ite <br> GR <br> Cenebm <br> Aquaduct <br> Grpus Callasum <br> Grey matter <br> Curibra! <br> Hemlshere <br> Neuson <br> White matter <br> Brdl Venticle <br> Cehuebelum <br> (sgnfug) <br> Secton d ceetum <br> Lateal Veschídes] <br> 3 ceebrl Cortex <br> (Grey matte) <br> Coutral Madully <br> (wite matte) <br> Lth Ventrícle Hinal Braun <br> Cerebral Cortex <br> (Outer part) <br> midde Assuse (gord fa) <br> FFore brainj <br> Cerebrun (HHAES) <br> Giraup dt tons <br> Ne <br> Ceebral Medulla- Groupoxom <br> Let Cebral <br> (a <br> Hemispheue <br> fzasg SoE) <br>
ufans ( Ceebram) ) <br> (Asswe) / Medan <br> (Thick i brous band ) <br> Leteral <br> Carpus <br> venices <br> (Axtein part <br> Callosm <br> Assue R |33ga <br> Callosm <br> 2xd Vedriclr <br> Postum <br> Splenium <br> (Poctouirr pad) <br>
PREFRONTAL <br> CORTEX <br> Lateral <br> Ventricle8 <br> PITUITARY GLAND <br> mema osciim-making, <br> Emotional Respomses. <br> Cerebral <br> Costex <br> AMYGDALA, <br> Ceebral <br> Gy <br> BRAIN STEM <br> Corebsum <br> Cexekral Hemíshhee e <br> hemtehe <br> -HYPOTHALAMUS <br> CEREBELLUM <br> mathes a oll <br> HIPPOCAMPus <br> Corpus Callosum <br> 3rd Veutide <br> memog, Nerigai on <br> mattes <br> Mutipoas Neurn <br> Neukon tum <br> ohite matte o <br>
NOT E <br> Copus allosum (Bunlle o myebnatel heeti <br> L <br> Corpus allosum <br> (tobe ) Ta9 aar <br> Corebral hemisslehe -uR upoj <br> (i) Frontal Lobe <br> Funeticns <br> Marn mals <br> thánking (g), as a9)T <br> (Planning): Aof aT (0ecisían <br> maldng) Velunta møvemeut <br> Personality Speech <br> PBroca's aneg <br>
NOTE <br> ) <br> Broca's <br> Broca's Apkuaia <br> Expressive Aphasia <br> Answe <br>
(i) Tempoval <br> > <br> lobe <br> Temperal lobe <br> speeoh <br> Wenick's aney <br> Undesctanding spaken Langge <br> Aeadling comprehenein <br> Funetien - <br> Wesn'ekels <br> wnalerstano ng <br> Receptie <br> (*g) <br> Aphesi <br> Heaing (G), Menny <br> Emohiom yoceasy <br> Speech ( Weruick's aneg) <br>
NOTE <br> Auoli to y Retlex (HAHAqt fara ) <br> 4 olgaety (ET6;) Bensations, <br> Frondal Temporl <br> Scan to Join Telegram Channel <br> O0 <br> @WORLDOFWISDOMSS <br> Telegram Channel join karke Download karein PDFs <br> & <br> other related Study Material <br>
(ii) Ocipitu! obe <br> * Funcion <br> (iv) Parietal le <br> Functiene <br> v'sion (ssa) <br> Visual <br> Shape <br> Recogition, <br> @WORLDOFWISDOMSS <br> Sensatins (tueh oressWe, <br> pa' n, temprtwre ), Gustarg <br> Sense (Falç <br> spafta! ovrfuntetien (fe, ) <br> pro pmoception lpositfem <br> gene) <br>
raptal lobe <br> frontal lobe! <br> parietal lobe <br> parietal lobe <br> temporal lobe <br> temporal lobe <br> occipital lobe <br> occipital lobe) <br> cerebellum <br> cerebellum <br> BACK <br> SIDE <br> frontal <br> lobe <br> frontal lobe <br> parietal lobe) <br> temporal lobe <br> temporal lobe <br> cerebelum <br> occipitallobe <br> TOP <br> FRONT <br>
Somatoseesoy Pecepien <br> Spatial Oxieto tion <br> Human Brain Anatomy <br> Body map qu0cnenees <br> Parietal lobe <br> 2 <br> Speeeh Produchon <br> Motus contl <br> ( volundany Movenat) <br> Frontal lobe <br> Planning t Behalias <br> v'sin prso cessig <br> visual meno <br> <ing <br> Poaonali <br> ¢ <br> Relavio <br> Decisicm laki <br> focus < <br> Attetion <br> Occipital lobe <br> Depth ¢ Distance <br> enstional Regulafim& <br> Peceptin <br> Cerebellum <br> Temporal lobe) <br> Saterpettion <br> vis uad symbols <br> Spinal Cord <br> Language <br> Comprheusin <br> Heairg <br> 290h025 <br> Auci ty peeplin d <br> olkactien <br>
Okactoy <br> lobes <br> tottt <br> Hunans cfuct <br> Function - <br> bulbt <br> lesbe <br> wbes a=195T <br> CUStex <br> Lobes <br> lsbes <br> st otactoy nee( Cranias nere-)? g <br> bje (Smel) <br> ofaetong ract + <br> i'mbic System cb) <br>
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(C) Hippocampu <br> X Temparal Lobe <br> * Limbic System Emo tional Braín ) qeHES <br> Sea heose <br> * Hippecaumpus ahort toun nemo <br> term memo <br> 51 <br> (fas) <br> * Spatfa <br> Newgahon <br> memog <br> lomg <br>
THALAMUS <br> ail <br> Hippocam pus <br> Rody <br> Hcnd <br> HIPPOCAMPUS <br> AMYGDALA <br> Memoy a <br> Smotion Contole <br>
(4)Agdato, <br> Temporal lobe <br> Enshons TOT <br> hippocampus <br> Fean, Arnges, <br> Love, Anxjety, Jeyougy , Sacness <br> PleaswejGaN)sEr <br>
Amegdala <br> Sensetve <br> Patt <br> Amyg dala, Hypothala rus sfgnal a <br> thtoat <br> melease <br> Amygda , Jutense emothn ecognie <br> ) <br> Tespone <br> Bsainstem a) <br> Lucimal eundle <br> hypeactivity duáplsags <br> Hahten <br>
1 <br> Senualy <br> Amygdala <br> meoitaticn <br> Memorake ait <br> Amyg dala R fruaan <br> Truaan HIS) ) <br> esponse <br> . <br> Amygdada bf <br> Oveeactien <br> ) <br> Deep beathing ympothete yotem b <br> Panc <br>
DE <br> Jownal <br> Regulate ET) <br> fmygdala <br> talk <br> Progrndad <br> Hmtadada <br> Senai tiity <br> CarrteX <br>
Relay <br> e)Diencephaln <br> Brainsten Id Brain) <br> Main Pats Epithalaue <br> Bonsioy <br> hewrer <br> SAreq <br> Thalamus <br> Thalams <br> Lypothalamua <br> Asspciatiog <br> Areg <br> Fimebran S) <br> neal <br> Ssd Vexdicle <br> Pityty <br> Lange Pant <br> Cerera Costex <br> metor newen <br> Epithalams <br> Thelamus <br> Hypothalamug <br> kfeotes organ (skin) <br>
Hypothalams (sES) <br> (30%) <br> Thalams <br> * Pant Limbic y 6tem <br> (-ae5) <br> Igmbic <br> Epí thalamus <br> csedsdaS) <br> Diencephalon <br> JE Diencephalon T <br> IE Denceplalen ab) <br> centen <br> Prcessing <br> Pfneal aland s <br> Budoerine gland <br> sanele <br> 4 <br> Laogtosin <br> (ary f) <br> Ground outa! <br> B Bolocal clselk. <br> X Sex ive BFTO Sexua! <br> station Relay <br> behanr <br> arousal, mating <br> a) <br> Ceutea Sm pulae <br> aActtvity <br>
Opttc Chiasmg <br> Opte Nee <br> Spithalemus <br> Atoio choroi Plexus <br> Pfnead <br> tland <br> Thadamu <br> Ssd Vendicle <br> biocoel.avity) <br> Hypothalamu <br> CSF <br> Huitay gand <br> ( Cencarespiad Futel) <br> ( Dien ceplakn ) <br>
NOTE <br> Limbíe System <br> Limbíc yetem <br> behavior <br> b2dT ) <br> Pards <br> HAT <br> Functions <br> Emohonal Gran - <br> (ldlcHa Hcabcb ) <br> bulb <br> emotions, menony <br> mothvation aD i <br> ypothalamuy+ Amygdala Thalauet <br> HIPPO <br> Hippocarmpus <br> Fosniy <br> fafo <br> * Libido ('a57ac)) e <br> bonding - GNGoj ,aT <br> * moti veticn t Reuserd feeli <br>
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2 Mesencephalon <br> NOT E Banstem <br> míbrain <br> branctem <br> (o Corpora Quacrigeming <br> Fore-brain <br> Hypothalamus <br> ( mid brain) <br> Pituitary gland <br> Diencephalon <br> (i) Cerebral Peduuncles ( Cra Cerebri) <br> Pons <br> Medulla <br> Hindbrain Cerebellum <br> Cerebrum <br> Cranium <br> Smidbn <br> Pons <br> bmealulo blengata <br> Mid-brain <br> Spinal cord <br>
orpora <br> Quacaigemia <br> mid bran <br> (^) <br> ) Swp ir col'cui (2) Vis ual <br> cow cu (2)> Anditoy <br> () Fafoir <br> Supiog Col'cul (2) <br> (Tectum) <br> (Visual Retlex}|a Funchien <br> Su skeletal uece / Neel< muece <br> ement t <br> mur <br> (Auditry Rete <br> (Biwe meblex) <br> eraeleing eg sgccqolic mevemet) <br>
Auaitog Retex <br> Aueli toy Retex <br> Muscle f <br> movemet <br> Auditony <br> sturtle <br> () <br> ten). <br> &kelet /Neck <br>
NOTE <br> Visual <br> Uncon scous <br> Retex <br> NOTE) Spinal Afex <br> Rtler <br> (kiasa) agn <br> mbain <br> ( Autonomic )_Maty a <br> Evoutlonany <br> Bsuin <br>
(Fne brui n) <br> NOTE) Ceebral Ratex aforae <br> Rettex <br> Social Reftex <br>
(6) CERE BRAL <br> 1 <br> (if) <br> PEDUNcES <br> Braun <br> CYurg Coeb <br> ) Tegmentum <br> (m) Subtanti higra <br> e <br> Isgmentum <br> 9ctivities c <br> formation <br> motos tacs mascle <br> Vevtral 1) <br> Aecendig <br> (ahne <br> c Yanial nenee nuolet 3 veticular <br> tsuets, <br>
() Subsawtio Nix9 - <br> &tbs <br> Cus cesebyi att tegmeuku <br> Reusaral <br> (c) Dorsalview <br> voluntal <br> neolhan'sm <br> Dopamine. <br> Pankinson's seas e <br> The Brain Stem-The Midbrain <br> Midbrain <br> Superior <br> colliculus fCorpora <br> Inferior <br> colliculus <br> View <br> (a) <br> Neusotana mittes <br> Quadrigemina) <br> Oftectum <br> movemeut, <br> Superior cerebellar peduncle <br> Thalamus <br> (4 bodies of theroof ofmidbrain) <br> Pons <br> Hypothalamus <br> Midbrain <br> Medulla <br> oblongata <br> View <br> (b) <br> Vievw <br> (C) <br> Crwg ceebri <br> Tegmentuy <br> Substunta nigrg <br> Diencephaon <br> emoHe <br> FBrainstem <br> Dopaminer <br>
) Rhombencephalen (Hind Bruin) - <br> Pons (T) <br> Bszinstem <br> Function <br> Pons <br> Decyeose <br> Ceneb ellum (igafea) <br> Medulla Cblngata <br> mid brcun <br> Pneumo taxic Cnte <br> () <br> the ate <br> E Macutta eblnta <br> Past <br> Rpheutc Ceutes <br> fucreee the at <br>
Pons <br> The Brain Stem-Pons <br> Facíal <br> Gensethons <br> Cevebellun <br> Respivatien <br> Faafa! muccled <br> View+ -Vlew <br> (b)Left lateral view <br> (a) <br> -Middle cerebellar peduncle <br> fibersthat relay info from cerebrum to <br> cerebellium <br> Thalamus <br> Hypothalamug <br> Midbrain <br> Pons <br> View <br> (b) <br> Medulla <br> oblongata <br> (e) <br> FDiencephalon <br> FBrainstem <br>
Laget <br> Bra n stemT <br> Gerebal <br> nenigene. <br> -Vemix <br> Functons - <br> Past o Baín. <br> (o) <br> ity Ceordinatfon 4 vdunty <br> (iv) <br> mevemeds <br> hemispheue <br> muscle tone Retulate <br> Motos <br> (Postwe) <br>
NOTE <br> NOTE) <br> NOT E <br> Alcohol <br> Ceuebelum amage <br> movenets <br> Ceebum <br> Popdoeoeptors <br> Cerebellun <br>
(HEaisy) <br> Madutla oblongata <br> crvd <br> Braín <br> Functions <br> sifa fost Spinal <br> (is Reguloution Heard beat <br> (DÌ) Cooliae Actviteg a <br> (iv) Vasornoter <br> (v) Contro <br> the <br> (vü) <br> Acthens <br> (i) COSS Vver <br> Oente <br> mt Nees <br> BP Lau <br> rute <br> Dhrolunty <br> VomiHing (an <br> ughing (aatel) <br> naezing (aton) <br> nees <br>
The Brain Stem-The MedullaOblongata <br> Anterior wall of <br> fourth ventricle <br> Choroid plexus <br> (fourth ventricle) <br> (c) Dorsal view <br> View <br> (a) <br> - Inferior cerebellar peduncle <br> Thalamus <br> Hypothalamus <br> Midbrain <br> Pons <br> Aledulla <br> oblonaata <br> View <br> (b) <br> -Vlew <br> (e) <br> FDiencephalon <br> -Brainstern <br>
Spinad Cerd (S) <br> 45 Cm <br> Longth <br> (m) <br> CNS <br> ( Dura mater - <br> (Ü) Arochnofd <br> meninge <br> Pia mates <br> Mates <br> SNjSB) (Vexdebrae) <br> vettebral Columy <br> yeteral aal <br> actiony <br>
ateal Gounte <br> (YR) <br> (i) Giray <br> Mattes <br> (ii) Whte Mates <br> Axn <br> - (H- shapel) <br> Coty bodieg <br>
Bracheal <br> Neves SUK <br> Lumbe <br> Blagement <br> BRAIN <br> ars Nehwes yai <br> Caudo Equng <br> Foramen magum <br> C) (At las) <br> Duha ates <br> Arachnid Mate <br> Pia maten <br> SubaaehnedSpace <br> CcSE RI) <br> Conus heeularis <br> Lumberfi) <br> (a3R <br> Fum Teminle <br> Spinal Neue <br>
CoTel <br> Subaachnefd epace <br> Ahrachnwid mater <br> Pia mate <br> spinal <br> matteh <br> Cenveing <br> Gy <br> wite mtter <br> Poston Spinal Geanglin <br> Dwra mater <br> Postesfor oryitudual <br> 8pi rwe procee <br> Sthadalspae <br> Cxtradunal bat <br> Veterad Body <br> Jrvetebra De <br>
NOTE) Reflex Action anal Rttex <br> Rllex actin (Spfnal Reflex) erefz <br> sSpinal <br> Beniry <br> Splnal <br> A <br> Jensoy <br> hesre <br> aeh <br> Dossal Yot Ventra yot <br> neve Jnpulse <br> &pinal cosd <br> sp'nat <br> (oo Roots) <br> hesve stemwate ) <br> Motos nesVe <br> Auatyss <br> moters <br>
1 <br> Retlex <br> faiaj <br> Svelunty <br> antfon <br>
Root <br> Axon of Afferent <br> neuron <br> Cell body of <br> interneuron <br> Cell body of <br> afferent neuron <br> Cell body of <br> Efferent neuro <br> Sensy <br> -Spinal cord <br> yeutral Rost <br> ( suEt gi Axn) <br> -Axon of Efferent <br> neuron <br> Pain receptors <br> in skin <br> motor Nere <br> Dendrite of <br> afferent neuron <br> withdrawn parts being <br> Muscle contracts and <br> stimulated <br> Direction of impulse <br> Hot Object <br>
PNS-.Peoripheral <br> ( <br> Nesves <br> (TRety ss <br> L <br> Nervus <br> Brain 4 <br> uicles, Gleuhds) <br> is Craial Neves <br> CNS <br> PNS aR Nenves (Äsap) <br> ) <br> Anpwbians <br> 12 pairs <br> (frEI) <br> Repileg, Aves Mammals <br> sees s0pais <br>
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1111 <br> S.No. <br> Name <br> CN-I <br> CN-I <br> CN-M Oculomotos <br> ptic <br> )CN-V ochleas <br> CN-V ng eminal <br> CN -Yy Abduceng <br> CN- VI <br> (9) CN-R <br> Facia) <br> Glossopkaygeal <br> CN-X- Vagus <br> Type <br> motur <br> ( CN-XIT <br> Hypogoagal <br> Moto <br> CNVHI - Acous ie Sensoy <br> Both <br> Noto <br> eoth <br> Both <br> Both <br> CN-XI Accesgy matos <br> Moters <br> Functin <br> &mell <br> Visfon <br> e mevement <br> Eye mevemeut <br> Faeial gensatin, <br> Abducts the <br> Facia! erpressi one, <br> Taste , g ex <br> taste <br> Suoalloro, speech <br> Canciac fnnevtion <br> Thoat, Necte ¢ Uppe <br> baclk muicleg <br> Tergue nloveret <br>
NOTE <br> (i) Spínal Nevea (31paire) <br> Sensoy <br> moter (teret) <br> Ccouical Spinal Neve <br> Thaoi c &pinal Nehve <br> Lumb as oinal Neve <br> Saeyal Spinal <br> Neve <br> (mixed) <br> pais <br> pahs <br> doceal Spined Nenve 6 pans <br>
3) <br> Cervical part <br> Thoracic part <br> Lumbar part <br> Sacral part <br> Coccygeal part <br> 12 purs <br> 5paurs <br> pars <br>
PNS a <br> (A) SNS <br> ANS <br> Bomate Nervous ystem <br> C)S <br> Somatfc <br> Vo <br> Sonetc <br> Cerebum <br> noter Crstex <br> b) <br> Skeletal get Contro <br> Frmfal <br> (obe <br>
e]0+)2025 <br> NOTE <br> A NS <br> 3 <br> ANS <br> Autonmfe <br> pMastes <br> Nevou <br> itenal envionmeut <br> Heantbeat, Jenp. <br> Heaty Lungs, <br> V <br> 1 <br> art pothalame <br> Gncloeie <br> sexual qetivities. <br> Hypothalas muc SRI <br> homeotaefs o) <br>
Sympathet N.S. <br> Sympathcic <br> (Tgaort <br> 3Yeb) <br> ANS <br> Nevene <br> T) <br> Thoracíc - lumbea <br> Lwm be <br> thora cfc Neves <br> Nesves <br> Porasynpohet'e Ns, <br> Newena sstem <br> Nehves <br> to 12 th <br> 1, 2,g <br>
N. S. <br> Functiom - <br> Fikt <br> OR <br> FLqit <br> Dilates Aupils (gafanj or ) <br> Inhibits galivg Poduction <br> Slow oloun <br> Heatbeat ) <br> Relaxes Bronchi (3RIno6 tnaj) <br> fhcreses heantrate <br> femuttes <br> Recuees testinal ruscles <br> &temulates <br> temulates <br> Sympathat <br> fucoce <br> elease (3f) <br> Advenalfue Poduot'n <br> h <br> ejoculahon <br>
Cervical <br> sympathetic. <br> ganglia <br> Superior <br> Smal <br> Middle <br> Inferior <br> Gray rami to <br> spinal nerves <br> Postganglionic fibers <br> to spinal nerves <br> (innervating <br> integumentary <br> system) <br> Sympathetic <br> chain ganglia <br> Preganglionic Neurons <br> Postganglionic Neurons <br> T, <br> Spinal cord <br> PONS <br> T, <br> Sympathetic <br> Coccygeal ganglia (Co,) <br> fused together <br> nerves <br> Greater splanchnic <br> nerve <br> (Superior mesenteric <br> ganglion <br> Cardiac and <br> pulmonary plexuses <br> Splanchnic <br> nerves <br> Uterus <br> -Celiac ganglion <br> Ovary <br> Inferior <br> mesenteric <br> ganglion, <br> Scrotum <br> Lange Sympathetic Innervation <br> Eye <br> Salvary <br> glands <br> Heart <br> Lungs <br> Liver and <br> gallbladder <br> Stomach <br> Spleen <br> Pancreas <br> Small <br> intestine <br> Large <br> intestine <br> Rectum <br> Adrenal <br> medulla <br> Kidney <br> Urinary <br> bladder <br>
. <br> Sgmpothatie Nevu yeler' g <br> Pngngan <br> ("( Snal) <br> (1. <br> NOTE) ympath <br> mpathate Neilve. <br> . <br> Neveg <br> ) <br> ACh+Sympathin <br> neon <br> (Lanpa <br> aifa <br>
fanasy wpathete <br> 9, <br> Cranial <br> Funetis <br> Neves <br> Saoral Neveus <br> Cranial Nere <br> Sacra Neves <br> (Rest <br> PL3, ) <br> and hát) <br> ) <br> c19) <br> Heest beat Gt <br> (poistasis <br> 9,10) <br>
NOTE Etscwlatom E JR Paay pathtc <br> 1 <br> ( ereetin) <br> Nenvos ytem <br> (Lange <br> Ejaeulation <br> faagympathette Neaveue <br> mpathehe Nenvou <br> Actycholine <br> Pot gungn neuem <br> (Snall <br>
Parasympathetic Innervation <br> Autonomic <br> plexuses <br> Pelvic nerves <br> NX(Vagus) <br> Uterus <br> N Y ciiary ganglion <br> N VI <br> Submandibular ganglion <br> N IX <br> Pterygopalatine ganglion <br> Ovay <br> Otic ganglion <br> Penis <br> Scrotum <br> Lacrimal gland <br> Eye <br> Salivary glands <br> Heart <br> Lungs <br> -Liver <br> -Gallbladder <br> -Stomach <br> -Spleen <br> Pancreas <br> Large and small <br> intestine <br> Rectum <br> Kidney <br> Bladder <br>
Companatve <br> Functom <br> @secveticon <br> BP <br> ) Rat <br> Respiratier <br> 4) Heat bet <br> ) Sal'va seetio <br> Bo ng <br> Penis Cieri. <br> Breetion <br> FuneHena mpathhc <br> N. S. <br> Actychalinet ypatin Aetychaine <br> Jnenease <br> ncrease <br> eenees e <br> DeerecLsE <br> Qeoreas e <br> Deoese <br> Deeneae <br> grereae <br> Sherease <br>
X Sensory <br> Eyes ( ) <br> 1 <br> USee to <br> +hot alle <br> ansl tun it <br> captwie visible gt <br> XShcte <br> Oyyane <br> Hlsld <br> Autofeus <br> Yow <br> to se. <br> fhem <br> aue the srso <br> Senee <br> the wel aheunel <br> borm <br> vísian. <br> braun <br>
(i) <br> Scleh <br> (s ydC) <br> musees <br> Soelket <br> Cosn <br> (Opaque) H <br> eball R -OR <br> Shumq <br> Lamína fscg <br> {ibers <br> ssue <br>
(if) <br> Epi. <br> Covneg (for) - <br> Hcb)) <br> humo <br> < Teas) <br> EpitheluLm <br> Boum an's laye <br> Strma ( <br> Boum aun's lag <br> a) <br> Descormets membrne <br> Scleig IE3) <br> strmq <br> Endo thelium <br> Bndothel'wm <br> DrSCemet's membreene <br>
NOT E <br> NOTE <br> Cossneo <br> e Donation <br> Cosneg H <br> Denate Ž) <br>
Cornea <br> Pupil <br> Aqueous body <br> fbens <br> Iris <br> Structure of Human Eye <br> Lens <br> Cilary body <br> Suspensory ligament <br> tiy Dis (afrafra) <br> (i) C culas <br> () Raclal <br> Chorold <br> Vitreous body <br> - <br> muscles <br> | Sclera <br> Retina <br> gfozvesy <br> Foveacentralis <br> Musle <br> Optic disc <br> /Optic nerve) <br> Sphineter pupilae <br> C yoaá ar@a ) <br> D ates pupllae <br>
NOTE ET <br> Atenomc <br> sheld melanin <br> NOTE] Heten hemia - <br> Nervcus <br> atem) <br> Patten wque <br> tgent. <br>
(ivy Papi) (got ) <br> (v) <br> Eye <br> Lens <br> Lens <br> Musceg <br> fa <br> Lens- SuspenoA <br> Pupil <br> (ANS) <br> Trunspahent <br> Lene aAT <br> + Bicmvex + Flaatid <br>