NATIONAL NUTRITIONAL PROGRAMS AND ROLE OF NURSE UNIT XII.pptx

NATIONAL NUTRITIONAL PROGRAMS AND ROLE OF NURSE UNIT XII.pptx

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  NATIONAL NUTRITIONAL PROGRAMS ANDROLE OF NURSE Asst. professor (MSN)
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  Nutritional Problems inIndia Definition: Nutritional problems refer to health conditions that occur due to deficiency, excess, or imbalance of nutrients in the body.
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  Major Nutritional Problemsin India 1. Protein Energy Malnutrition (PEM) • Caused by deficiency of protein and calories • Common in children under 5 years Types • Marasmus – severe wasting, thin body • Kwashiorkor – edema, enlarged liver, hair changes 2. Anemia • Mostly due to iron deficiency • Very common in pregnant women, adolescents, and children
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  Symptoms • Fatigue • Paleskin • Breathlessness • Weakness • 3. Vitamin A Deficiency • Causes night blindness and xerophthalmia • Can lead to blindness in children • 4. Iodine Deficiency Disorders (IDD) • Caused by lack of iodine • Leads to goitre, mental retardation, cretinism
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  5. Vitamin DDeficiency • Causes rickets in children • Causes osteomalacia in adults 6. Overnutrition • Caused by excess intake of food • Leads to obesity, diabetes, hypertension Causes of Nutritional Problems • Poverty • Illiteracy • Poor sanitation • Inadequate food intake • Large family size • Lack of nutrition knowledge • Food taboos
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  National Nutritional Policy(NNP) • India launched the National Nutrition Policy in 1993 to improve the nutritional status of the population, especially women and children. • Objectives • Reduce malnutrition • Improve health of women and children • Ensure food security • Promote nutrition education • Prevent micronutrient deficiencies
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  Strategies of NationalNutrition Policy 1. Direct Interventions • Supplementary nutrition • Micronutrient supplementation • Food fortification • Growth monitoring • Nutrition education 2. Indirect Interventions • Poverty alleviation • Agriculture development • Food production • Safe drinking water • Women's education • Health services
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  National Nutritional Programmersin India 1. Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS) – 1975 • Target group: • Children 0–6 years • Pregnant women • Lactating mothers • Services: • Supplementary nutrition • Immunization • Health check-up • Referral services • Nutrition education
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  2. Mid DayMeal Programme (MDM) • Started in 1995 • Objective: • Improve nutritional status of school children • Increase school attendance • Target group: • Children in primary and upper primary schools
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  3. National IronPlus Initiative (NIPI) • Prevents iron deficiency anemia Provides: • Iron and folic acid tablets to – children – adolescents – pregnant women – lactating mothers
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  4. Vitamin AProphylaxis Programme • Prevents vitamin A deficiency • Dose: • Vitamin A given to children 6 months to 5 years 5. National Iodine Deficiency Disorders Control Programme (NIDDCP) • Objective: • Prevent iodine deficiency disorders • Method: • Promotion of iodized salt
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  6. POSHAN Abhiyaan(National Nutrition Mission) – 2018 Goal: • Reduce stunting, undernutrition, anemia, and low birth weight • Target: • Children • Pregnant women • Lactating mothers • Adolescent girls
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  4. Role ofNurse in Nutritional Programmes • Nurses play an important role in community nutrition and maternal-child health. 1. Health Education • Teach about balanced diet • Promote breastfeeding • Educate about complementary feeding 2. Nutritional Assessment • Measure height, weight, BMI • Monitor growth of children 3. Micronutrient Supplementation • Distribute iron, folic acid, vitamin A
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  4. Early Detection •Identify malnutrition • Detect anemia and deficiency diseases 5. Counselling • Guide pregnant and lactating mothers • Advise families on proper diet 6. Implementation of Programs • Participate in ICDS, school health programmes • Coordinate with Anganwadi workers 7. Record and Reporting • Maintain growth charts • Document nutrition status