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Malphigian tubules

Malphigian tubules are excretory organs found in insects like cockroaches and crabs. They are located between the foregut and hindgut and excrete waste in the form of uric acid while also helping with osmoregulation. The tubules have a fine, sometimes coiled tubular structure consisting of three regions - a distal region that is small and contractile, a middle region that is the largest and contains two cell types, and a proximal region that drains pre-urine to the hindgut.

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MALPHIGIAN TUBULES
 Malphigian tubules are excretory organs of insects such as cockroach, crabs.  In them excretion is in form of uric acid.  Malphigian tubules also help in osmoregulation.
 Location: Between foregut and hindgut.
 Its fine tubular structure, sometimes coiled.  It consists of three regions:- Distal region, middle region and proximal region.  Distal region is small and highly contractile.  Middle region is largest region with two types of cell: “primary cell”, and “Stellate cells”. Sometimes “Symbiont Protozoas “are also found in middle region.  Proximal region is also short region draining pre-urine to hind gut.
 Larva of New Zealand, Arachnocampa luminos have swollen malphigian tubules, which produce a blue-green light to attract prey.  In some insects, feeding on plant material containing noxious allelochemicals, malphigian tubules helps to excrete such toxins.
Malphigian tubules