Lesson3. Simple and Compound Machines.pptx

Content Standard
The efficiency of simple and compound
machines can be improved by applying basic
physics principles.
MELC Most Essential Learning
Competency
Apply concepts of translational and rotational
motion to design and build prototypes of
efficient simple and compound machines

OBJECTIVES
1. Differentiate between simple and compound
machines.
2. Explain how translational and rotational
motions apply to machine efficiency.
3. Analyze how basic physics principles improve
the efficiency of machines.
4. Design and build a working prototype of a
compound machine using concepts of motion
and efficiency.

Machines in Action
Guide Questions:
1. What do the machine in the video help us
do?
2. How do these machine reduce our effort?
3. Have you built any simple machine before?

Activity 1. Machine Rotation Station
Materials Machine
(Compound Machine,
Inclined Plane, Pulley,
Lever)
Key Concept
(Rotational,
Translational motion or
Combined motion)
How
effort is
reduced
1.
2.
3.
4.

.::DEFINITIONS::.
MACHINE : A machine is a tool consisting of one
or more parts that is constructed to achieve a
particular goal.
SIMPLE MACHINE :: A simple machine is a
mechanical device that changes the direction or
magnitude of a force.
COMPOUND MACHINE : Combination of two
or more simple machine is called Compound
Machine

“The 6 Simple Machines”
Lever
Pulley Wheel and Axle
Wedge
Screw
Inclined Plane

Inclined Planes
• An inclined plane is a
flat surface that is
higher on one end
• Inclined planes make
the work of moving
things easier

Screws
A screw is a mechanism that converts
rotational motion to linear motion, and a
torque (rotational force) to a linear force. It
is one of the six classical simple machines.
The most common form consists of a
cylindrical shaft with helical grooves or
ridges called threads around the outside

Screw
The mechanical advantage of an screw can be
calculated by dividing the circumference by the pitch of
the screw.
Pitch equals 1/ number of turns per inch.

Wedges
• A wedge is a triangular shaped
round tool, a compound and
portable inclined plane, and one
of the six classical simple
machines. It can be used to
separate two objects or portions
of an object, lift an object, or
hold an object in place.

Levers
A lever is a machine
consisting of a beam or
rigid rod pivoted at a fixed
hinge, or fulcrum.

.::Types Of Levers::.
1) Levers-First Class
• In a first class lever the
fulcrum is in the
middle and the load
and effort is on either
side
• Think of a see-saw
PLIER

2)Levers-Second Class
• In a second class lever
the fulcrum is at the
end, with the load in
the middle.

3)Levers-Third Class • In a third class lever the
fulcrum is again at the
end, but the effort is in
the middle.

Pulleys
• A pulley is a wheel on an axle
that is designed to support
movement of a cable or belt
along its circumference.
• Pulleys are used in a variety of
ways to lift loads, apply forces,
and to transmit power.

WHEEL AND AXEL
The wheel and axle is generally considered
to be a wheel attached to an axle so that
these two parts rotate together in which a
force is transferred from one to the other.

Some other applications of
Wheels & Axles
Turning a doorknob rotates the spindle
which moves the latch.
RAILWAY WHEELS

COMPOUND MACHINES
1. Combination of two or more simple machine is
called Compound Machine.
2. Simple Machines can be put together in
different ways to make complex machinery.
TANKS

Mercedes V6 Internal
Combustion Engine

Lesson3. Simple and Compound Machines.pptx