The document outlines a comprehensive surveying lecture on leveling techniques, including definitions and methods such as the height of instrument and rise and fall methods. Key formulas and checks for calculations are provided, emphasizing the importance of detailed computations. Additional topics include datum reference and corrections for curvature and refraction.

1. CE 103: Surveying
L2: Levelling
Course Teacher: Saurav Barua (SB)
Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, DIU
Phone: 01715334075
Email: saurav.ce@diu.edu.bd

2. Lecture Outline
 Object & use of leveling,
 Terms related leveling,
 Different types of leveling,
 Reciprocal leveling,
 Estimations & methods of calculations of RL.
 Height of instrument
 Rise and Fall method
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Formula for HI method:
HI = RL + BS
RL = HI’ – IS
Or RL = HI’ – FS
Check: ∑ BS - ∑ FS = Last RL - First RL

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Formula for HI method:
HI = RL + BS
RL = HI’ – IS
Or RL = HI’ – FS
Check: ∑ BS - ∑ FS = Last RL - First RL
NB: Must show detail calculation with
formula for each case. Preferred to show
calculation within the table.

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Formula for Rise and Fall method:
Rise (+) and Fall (-)
Rise or Fall = BS’- IS or IS’-IS or IS’-FS
RL = RL’- Fall or RL = RL’ + Rise
Check: ∑ BS - ∑ FS = ∑ Rise - ∑ Fall = Last RL - First RL

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Formula for Rise and Fall method:
Rise (+) and Fall (-)
Rise or Fall = BS’- IS or IS’-IS or IS’-FS
RL = RL’- Fall or RL = RL’ + Rise
Check: ∑ BS - ∑ FS = ∑ Rise - ∑ Fall = Last RL - First RL
NB: Must show detail calculation with
formula for each case. Preferred to show
calculation within the table.

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Formula for Rise and Fall method:
Rise (+) and Fall (-)
Rise or Fall = BS’- IS or IS’-IS or IS’-FS
RL = RL’- Fall or RL = RL’ + Rise

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Formula for Rise and Fall method:
Rise (+) and Fall (-)
Rise or Fall = BS’- IS or IS’-IS or IS’-FS
RL = RL’- Fall or RL = RL’ + Rise
NB: Must show detail calculation with
formula for each case. Preferred to show
calculation within the table.

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55. Recap of the lecture
 Datum, MSL, RL, BM
 Details of Automatic level
 Math- Height of Instrument method
 Math- Rise and Fall method
 Math- Missing levelling data problem
 Reciprocal level
 Curvature and refraction corrections
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