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KEY, PPTX34,850 views

JSON-LD and MongoDB

The document discusses the integration of JSON-LD and MongoDB for enhanced client-side graph queries in single-page applications. It highlights JSON-LD as a format for linked data representation and MongoDB as a document store for efficient data management. An example is provided using the game 'Call of Duty: Black Ops' to illustrate the JSON-LD structure and its context in the application.

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JSON-LD and MongoDB Powering Linked Web Apps Gregg Kellogg gregg@greggkellogg.net @gkellogg
JSON-LD and Mongo • JSON-LD – graph expression in JSON • MongoDB – easily query JSON documents • Together – efficient graph query optimized for client-side processing
Use Case • WebApps: Single Page Applications (SPAS) • Use JSON as native object representation • REST access to web service mirroring objects • MongoDB document store maintaining equivalent object representations • Data is linked, internally and externally (RDF)
JSON-LD @graph @context @id JSON-based syntax to express linked data @language @value @list @vocab @type @set
JSON, as expected { "@context": "/contexts/wikia.jsonld", "@id": "500f1a1b6e7f1827ba000001", "@type": "wikia:VideoGame", "contentRating": [ "ESRB: Mature (DS version is Teen)", "PEGI: 18+ (DS version is 16+) ", "USK: 18 CERO: Z OFLC: MA15+ (DS version is M)" ], "datePublished": "2011-11-09", "description": "Primary game entry point", "genre": ["First-person shooter"], "name": "Call of Duty: Black Ops", "publisher": [ {"@id": "501067246e7f184553000001"}, {"@id": "5010675a6e7f18464d000001"} ], "event": [ "500f28856e7f187196000001", "500f44556e7f18f7ef000001", "500f449e6e7f18f94b000001", "500f44e26e7f18fa75000001" ], "wikia:platform": ["Xbox 360","PS3","PC","Wii","DS"] }
JSON, as expected { "@context": "/contexts/wikia.jsonld", Context defines terms "@id": "500f1a1b6e7f1827ba000001", "@type": "wikia:VideoGame", "contentRating": [ "ESRB: Mature (DS version is Teen)", "PEGI: 18+ (DS version is 16+) ", "USK: 18 CERO: Z OFLC: MA15+ (DS version is M)" ], "datePublished": "2011-11-09", "description": "Primary game entry point", "genre": ["First-person shooter"], "name": "Call of Duty: Black Ops", "publisher": [ {"@id": "501067246e7f184553000001"}, {"@id": "5010675a6e7f18464d000001"} ], "event": [ "500f28856e7f187196000001", "500f44556e7f18f7ef000001", "500f449e6e7f18f94b000001", "500f44e26e7f18fa75000001" ], "wikia:platform": ["Xbox 360","PS3","PC","Wii","DS"] }
JSON, as expected { "@context": "/contexts/wikia.jsonld", Context defines terms "@id": "500f1a1b6e7f1827ba000001", "@type": "wikia:VideoGame", Identifier treated as IRI "contentRating": [ "ESRB: Mature (DS version is Teen)", "PEGI: 18+ (DS version is 16+) ", "USK: 18 CERO: Z OFLC: MA15+ (DS version is M)" ], "datePublished": "2011-11-09", "description": "Primary game entry point", "genre": ["First-person shooter"], "name": "Call of Duty: Black Ops", "publisher": [ {"@id": "501067246e7f184553000001"}, {"@id": "5010675a6e7f18464d000001"} ], "event": [ "500f28856e7f187196000001", "500f44556e7f18f7ef000001", "500f449e6e7f18f94b000001", "500f44e26e7f18fa75000001" ], "wikia:platform": ["Xbox 360","PS3","PC","Wii","DS"] }
JSON, as expected { "@context": "/contexts/wikia.jsonld", Context defines terms "@id": "500f1a1b6e7f1827ba000001", "@type": "wikia:VideoGame", Identifier treated as IRI "contentRating": [ "ESRB: Mature (DS version is Teen)", "PEGI: 18+ (DS version is 16+) ", Type same as rdf:type "USK: 18 CERO: Z OFLC: MA15+ (DS version is M)" ], "datePublished": "2011-11-09", "description": "Primary game entry point", "genre": ["First-person shooter"], "name": "Call of Duty: Black Ops", "publisher": [ {"@id": "501067246e7f184553000001"}, {"@id": "5010675a6e7f18464d000001"} ], "event": [ "500f28856e7f187196000001", "500f44556e7f18f7ef000001", "500f449e6e7f18f94b000001", "500f44e26e7f18fa75000001" ], "wikia:platform": ["Xbox 360","PS3","PC","Wii","DS"] }
JSON, as expected { "@context": "/contexts/wikia.jsonld", Context defines terms "@id": "500f1a1b6e7f1827ba000001", "@type": "wikia:VideoGame", Identifier treated as IRI "contentRating": [ "ESRB: Mature (DS version is Teen)", "PEGI: 18+ (DS version is 16+) ", Type same as rdf:type "USK: 18 CERO: Z OFLC: MA15+ (DS version is M)" ], Data-typed values "datePublished": "2011-11-09", "description": "Primary game entry point", "genre": ["First-person shooter"], "name": "Call of Duty: Black Ops", "publisher": [ {"@id": "501067246e7f184553000001"}, {"@id": "5010675a6e7f18464d000001"} ], "event": [ "500f28856e7f187196000001", "500f44556e7f18f7ef000001", "500f449e6e7f18f94b000001", "500f44e26e7f18fa75000001" ], "wikia:platform": ["Xbox 360","PS3","PC","Wii","DS"] }
JSON, as expected { "@context": "/contexts/wikia.jsonld", Context defines terms "@id": "500f1a1b6e7f1827ba000001", "@type": "wikia:VideoGame", Identifier treated as IRI "contentRating": [ "ESRB: Mature (DS version is Teen)", "PEGI: 18+ (DS version is 16+) ", Type same as rdf:type "USK: 18 CERO: Z OFLC: MA15+ (DS version is M)" ], Data-typed values "datePublished": "2011-11-09", "description": "Primary game entry point", "genre": ["First-person shooter"], Simple string values "name": "Call of Duty: Black Ops", "publisher": [ {"@id": "501067246e7f184553000001"}, {"@id": "5010675a6e7f18464d000001"} ], "event": [ "500f28856e7f187196000001", "500f44556e7f18f7ef000001", "500f449e6e7f18f94b000001", "500f44e26e7f18fa75000001" ], "wikia:platform": ["Xbox 360","PS3","PC","Wii","DS"] }
JSON, as expected { "@context": "/contexts/wikia.jsonld", Context defines terms "@id": "500f1a1b6e7f1827ba000001", "@type": "wikia:VideoGame", Identifier treated as IRI "contentRating": [ "ESRB: Mature (DS version is Teen)", "PEGI: 18+ (DS version is 16+) ", Type same as rdf:type "USK: 18 CERO: Z OFLC: MA15+ (DS version is M)" ], Data-typed values "datePublished": "2011-11-09", "description": "Primary game entry point", "genre": ["First-person shooter"], Simple string values "name": "Call of Duty: Black Ops", "publisher": [ (unordered) arrays of values {"@id": "501067246e7f184553000001"}, {"@id": "5010675a6e7f18464d000001"} ], "event": [ "500f28856e7f187196000001", "500f44556e7f18f7ef000001", "500f449e6e7f18f94b000001", "500f44e26e7f18fa75000001" ], "wikia:platform": ["Xbox 360","PS3","PC","Wii","DS"] }
JSON, as expected { "@context": "/contexts/wikia.jsonld", Context defines terms "@id": "500f1a1b6e7f1827ba000001", "@type": "wikia:VideoGame", Identifier treated as IRI "contentRating": [ "ESRB: Mature (DS version is Teen)", "PEGI: 18+ (DS version is 16+) ", Type same as rdf:type "USK: 18 CERO: Z OFLC: MA15+ (DS version is M)" ], Data-typed values "datePublished": "2011-11-09", "description": "Primary game entry point", "genre": ["First-person shooter"], Simple string values "name": "Call of Duty: Black Ops", "publisher": [ (unordered) arrays of values {"@id": "501067246e7f184553000001"}, {"@id": "5010675a6e7f18464d000001"} ], subject reference links to other resources "event": [ "500f28856e7f187196000001", "500f44556e7f18f7ef000001", "500f449e6e7f18f94b000001", "500f44e26e7f18fa75000001" ], "wikia:platform": ["Xbox 360","PS3","PC","Wii","DS"] }
JSON, as expected { "@context": "/contexts/wikia.jsonld", Context defines terms "@id": "500f1a1b6e7f1827ba000001", "@type": "wikia:VideoGame", Identifier treated as IRI "contentRating": [ "ESRB: Mature (DS version is Teen)", "PEGI: 18+ (DS version is 16+) ", Type same as rdf:type "USK: 18 CERO: Z OFLC: MA15+ (DS version is M)" ], Data-typed values "datePublished": "2011-11-09", "description": "Primary game entry point", "genre": ["First-person shooter"], Simple string values "name": "Call of Duty: Black Ops", "publisher": [ (unordered) arrays of values {"@id": "501067246e7f184553000001"}, {"@id": "5010675a6e7f18464d000001"} ], subject reference links to other resources "event": [ "500f28856e7f187196000001", "500f44556e7f18f7ef000001", Arrays may be ordered in @context "500f449e6e7f18f94b000001", "500f44e26e7f18fa75000001" ], "wikia:platform": ["Xbox 360","PS3","PC","Wii","DS"] }
JSON-LD context { "@context": "/contexts/wikia.jsonld", { "@id": "500f1a1b6e7f1827ba000001", "@context": { "@type": "wikia:VideoGame", "wikia": "http://data.wikia.com/terms#", "contentRating": [ "xsd": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#", "ESRB: Mature (DS version is Teen)", "@vocab": "http://schema.org/", "PEGI: 18+ (DS version is 16+) ", "@language": "en", "USK: 18 CERO: Z OFLC: MA15+ (DS version is M)" ], "dateCreated": {"@type": "xsd:dateTime"}, "datePublished": "2011-11-09", "dateModified": {"@type": "xsd:dateTime"}, "description": "Primary game entry point", "event": {"@id": "wikia:event", "genre": ["First-person shooter"], "@type": "@id", "name": "Call of Duty: Black Ops", "@container": "@list"}, "publisher": [ "startDate": {"@type": "xsd:dateTime"}, {"@id": "501067246e7f184553000001"}, "width": {"@type": "xsd:integer"} {"@id": "5010675a6e7f18464d000001"} } ], } "event": [ "500f28856e7f187196000001", "500f44556e7f18f7ef000001", "500f449e6e7f18f94b000001", "500f44e26e7f18fa75000001" ], "wikia:platform": ["Xbox 360","PS3","PC","Wii","DS"] }
Syntactic Conventions • Keys represent unique properties • Values may be singular or multiple • May use strings for most value representations, with typing information maintained in a context.
Unique properties { Expanded Form: "http://schema.org/publisher": [ {"@id": "501067246e7f184553000001"}, {"@id": "5010675a6e7f18464d000001"} ] } { Compact Form: "publisher": [ "501067246e7f184553000001", "5010675a6e7f18464d000001" ] } Context: { "@context": { "@vocab": "http://schema.org/", "publisher":{"@type": "@id"}, ... } }
Language tagged values { Expanded Form: "http://schema.org/name": { "@value": "Call of Duty: Black Ops", "@language": "en" } } Compact Form: { "name": "Call of Duty: Black Ops" } Context: { "@context": { "@vocab": "http://schema.org/", "@language": "en", ... } }
Typed values { Expanded Form: "http://schema.org/datePublished": { "@value": "2011-11-09", "@type": "xsd:dateTime" } } Compact Form: { "datePublished": "2011-11-09" } { Context: "@context": { "@vocab": "http://schema.org/", "xsd": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#", "datePublished":{"@type": "xsd:dateTime"}, ... } }
Subject references { Expanded Form: "http://schema.org/publisher": [ {"@id": "501067246e7f184553000001"}, {"@id": "5010675a6e7f18464d000001"} ] } { Compact Form: "publisher": [ "501067246e7f184553000001", "5010675a6e7f18464d000001" ] } Context: { "@context": { "@vocab": "http://schema.org/", "publisher":{"@type": "@id"}, ... } }
Nesting Flattened Form Nested Form: { { "@context": "/contexts/wikia.jsonld", "@context": "/contexts/wikia.jsonld", "@graph": [ "@id": "500f1a1b6e7f1827ba000001", { "@type": "wikia:VideoGame", "@id": "500f1a1b6e7f1827ba000001", "name": "Call of Duty: Black Ops", "@type": "wikia:VideoGame", "publisher": [ "name": "Call of Duty: Black Ops", { "publisher": [ "@id": "501067246e7f184553000001", "501067246e7f184553000001", "name": "Activision", "5010675a6e7f18464d000001" "url": "http://callofduty.wikia.com/wiki/Activision", ] "@type": "schema:Corporation" }, { }, { "@id": "501067246e7f184553000001", "@id": "5010675a6e7f18464d000001", "name": "Activision", "@type": "schema:Corporation", "url": "http://callofduty.wikia.com/wiki/Activision", "name": "Square Enix (Japan)" "@type": "schema:Corporation" } }, { ] "@id": "5010675a6e7f18464d000001", } "@type": "schema:Corporation", "name": "Square Enix (Japan)" } ] }
Nesting Flattened Form Nested Form: { { "@context": "/contexts/wikia.jsonld", "@context": "/contexts/wikia.jsonld", "@graph": [ "@id": "500f1a1b6e7f1827ba000001", { "@type": "wikia:VideoGame", "@id": "500f1a1b6e7f1827ba000001", "name": "Call of Duty: Black Ops", "@type": "wikia:VideoGame", "publisher": [ "name": "Call of Duty: Black Ops", { "publisher": [ "@id": "501067246e7f184553000001", "501067246e7f184553000001", "name": "Activision", "5010675a6e7f18464d000001" "url": "http://callofduty.wikia.com/wiki/Activision", ] "@type": "schema:Corporation" }, { }, { "@id": "501067246e7f184553000001", "@id": "5010675a6e7f18464d000001", "name": "Activision", "@type": "schema:Corporation", "url": "http://callofduty.wikia.com/wiki/Activision", "name": "Square Enix (Japan)" "@type": "schema:Corporation" } }, { ] "@id": "5010675a6e7f18464d000001", } "@type": "schema:Corporation", "name": "Square Enix (Japan)" } ] }
Nesting Flattened Form Nested Form: { { "@context": "/contexts/wikia.jsonld", "@context": "/contexts/wikia.jsonld", "@graph": [ "@id": "500f1a1b6e7f1827ba000001", { "@type": "wikia:VideoGame", "@id": "500f1a1b6e7f1827ba000001", "name": "Call of Duty: Black Ops", "@type": "wikia:VideoGame", "publisher": [ "name": "Call of Duty: Black Ops", { "publisher": [ "@id": "501067246e7f184553000001", "501067246e7f184553000001", "name": "Activision", "5010675a6e7f18464d000001" "url": "http://callofduty.wikia.com/wiki/Activision", ] "@type": "schema:Corporation" }, { }, { "@id": "501067246e7f184553000001", "@id": "5010675a6e7f18464d000001", "name": "Activision", "@type": "schema:Corporation", "url": "http://callofduty.wikia.com/wiki/Activision", "name": "Square Enix (Japan)" "@type": "schema:Corporation" } }, { ] "@id": "5010675a6e7f18464d000001", } "@type": "schema:Corporation", "name": "Square Enix (Japan)" } ] }
In-memory linking Flattened Form Linked Form: { "@id": "500f1a1b6e7f1827ba000001", @id 500f1a1b6e7f1827ba000001 "type": "wikia:VideoGame", "schema:name": "Call of Duty: Black Ops", type wikia:VideoGame "wikia:event": [ {"@id": "500f28856e7f187196000001"}, name "Call of Duty: Black Ops" {"@id": "500f44556e7f18f7ef000001"}, event 500f28856e7f187196000001 {"@id": "500f449e6e7f18f94b000001"}, {"@id": "500f44e26e7f18fa75000001"} ] }, { @id 500f28856e7f187196000001 "@id": "500f28856e7f187196000001", type cod:Mission "type": "cod:Mission", "schema:name": "Operation 40", name "Operation 40" "schema:startDate": "1961-04-17", startDate "1961-04-17" "wikia:eventIn": [ {"@id": "500f1a1b6e7f1827ba000001"} event 500f1a1b6e7f1827ba000001 ] }
Turtle Mapping { @prefix rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#> . "@context": "/contexts/wikia.jsonld", @prefix schema: <http://schema.org/> . "@id": "500f1a1b6e7f1827ba000001", @prefix wikia: <http://data.wikia.com/terms#> . "@type": "wikia:VideoGame", @prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> . "contentRating": [ "ESRB: Mature (DS version is Teen)", <500f1a1b6e7f1827ba000001> a wikia:VideoGame; "PEGI: 18+ (DS version is 16+) ", schema:contentRating "ESRB: Mature (DS version is Teen)"@en, "USK: 18 CERO: Z OFLC: MA15+ (DS version is M)" "PEGI: 18+ (DS version is 16+) "@en, ], "USK: 18 CERO: Z OFLC: MA15+ (DS version is M)"@en; "datePublished": "2011-11-09", schema:datePublished: "2011-11-09"^^xsd:dateTime; "name": "Call of Duty: Black Ops", schema:name "Call of Duty: Black Ops"@en; "publisher": [ schema:publisher <501067246e7f184553000001>, {"@id": "501067246e7f184553000001"}, <5010675a6e7f18464d000001> . {"@id": "5010675a6e7f18464d000001"} wikia:event <500f28856e7f187196000001>, ], ...; "wikia:event": [ . {"@id": "500f28856e7f187196000001"}, ... ] }
More JSON-LD Features* • @set, @list, • Embedded Compact IRIs, @context Unlabeled Nodes definitions • Language maps • Named Graphs • Property generators * http://json-ld.org/spec/latest/json-ld-syntax
History • 2009 – Started as a way to project from the RDFa API • Developers want solutions to work within HTML applications • Desire for JSON-idiomatic way of representing RDF (Linked Data) • Adapt existing JSON APIs to Linked Data
History • 2011 – W3C Community Group launched • Broad Participation • Separation of Syntax from API • Proposed to W3C RDF 1.1 Working Group
History • 2012 – RDF WG abandons other JSON serialization efforts (RDF/JSON) • JSON-LD accepted as official work item • Community Group drafts final report • RDF WG publishes JSON-LD (Syntax and API) as FPWD
MongoDB • JSON-like document store • BSON supports extra datatypes • Certain key patterns are restricted • e.g., “.” not allowed in a key • Query on value = pattern or value includes pattern
Use Case Wikia Structured Data API
Wikia Application • Express Wiki content as structured data • Wiki markup doesn’t naturally include semantic cues (Semantic Media Wiki aside). • Add semantic markup to HTML generated from Wikis in RDFa • Aggregate structured content through JSON-LD/MongoDB powered data service
Service Architecture • MongoDB persistence • JSON document representation • JSON-LD describedby link header • Ruby/Sinatra web service • Content-negotiated access to data • JSON-LD, HTML, Turtle, ...
Document Model { • Use aliases for @id and "id": "500f1a1b6e7f1827ba000001", "type": "wikia:VideoGame", @type keywords "name": "Call of Duty: Black Ops", "publisher": [ • Simplifies use within "501067246e7f184553000001", "5010675a6e7f18464d000001" client-side MVC ], "wikia:event": [ frameworks (e.g. "500f28856e7f187196000001" backbone.js) ] }
Document Model { "id": "500f1a1b6e7f1827ba000001", "type": "wikia:VideoGame", "name": "Call of Duty: Black Ops", • Individual subject "publisher": [ "501067246e7f184553000001", definition as Mongo "5010675a6e7f18464d000001" document ], "wikia:event": [ "500f28856e7f187196000001" ] }
Document Model { "id": "500f1a1b6e7f1827ba000001", • Use expanded subject "type": "wikia:VideoGame", "name": "Call of Duty: Black Ops", references "publisher": [ {"id": "501067246e7f184553000001"}, {"id": "5010675a6e7f18464d000001"} ➡This allows simple ], "wikia:event": [ traversal for graphify {"id": "500f28856e7f187196000001"} ] }
Document Model { "id": "500f1a1b6e7f1827ba000001", • "type": "wikia:VideoGame", Gather subject "name": "Call of Duty: Black Ops", "publisher": [ references under a {"id": "501067246e7f184553000001"}, hidden key {"id": "5010675a6e7f18464d000001"} ], "wikia:event": [ ➡This allows easy ], {"id": "500f28856e7f187196000001"} querying for objects "_references": [ referencing another "501067246e7f184553000001", "5010675a6e7f18464d000001", object "500f28856e7f187196000001" ] }
Document Model GET http://example.com/collection/ 500f1a1b6e7f1827ba000001 HTTP/1.1 200 OK Content-Type: application/json;charset=utf-8 Link: </contexts/wikia.jsonld>; rel="describedby"; type="application/ld+json" • Return context as HTTP { Link Header "id": "500f1a1b6e7f1827ba000001", "type": "wikia:VideoGame", "name": "Call of Duty: Black Ops", "publisher": [ {"id": "501067246e7f184553000001"}, {"id": "5010675a6e7f18464d000001"} ], "wikia:event": [ {"id": "500f28856e7f187196000001"} ] }
Restful Endpoints GET http://example.com/collection/? withType="schema:Corporation" Accept: application/json HTTP/1.1 200 OK • index – query collection Content-Type: application/json;charset=utf-8 Link: </contexts/wikia.jsonld>; rel="describedby"; type="application/ld+json" • by type – return [ objects having (or { containing) a type "id": "501067246e7f184553000001", "type": "schema:Corporation", "name": "Activision", "url": "http://callofduty.wikia.com/wiki/Activision" }, { "id": "5010675a6e7f18464d000001", "type": "schema:Corporation", "name": "Square Enix (Japan)" } ]
Restful Endpoints • GET http://example.com/collection/? index – query collection referencing="500f1a1b6e7f1827ba000001" Accept: application/json • by referencing – HTTP/1.1 200 OK return objects Content-Type: application/json;charset=utf-8 Link: </contexts/wikia.jsonld>; rel="describedby"; referencing another type="application/ld+json" object [{ "id": "500f28856e7f187196000001", • Build out space "cod:game": {"id": "500f1a1b6e7f1827ba000001"}, "schema:name": "Operation 40", around an object "schema:startDate": "1961-04-17T00:00:00", "wikia:eventIn": [{"id": "500f1a1b6e7f1827ba000001"}], "wikia:next": {"id": "500f44556e7f18f7ef000001"}, • Similar to SPARQL "wikia:objective": [ {"id": "501445266e7f1847c6000001"}, describe {"id": "50143e1e6e7f18256d000001"}, ... ], }, ...]
Restful Endpoints GET http://example.com/collection/ 500f1a1b6e7f1827ba000001 Accept: application/json HTTP/1.1 200 OK Content-Type: application/json;charset=utf-8 Link: </contexts/wikia.jsonld>; rel="describedby"; • type="application/ld+json" GET – return single { object "id": "500f1a1b6e7f1827ba000001", "type": "wikia:VideoGame", "name": "Call of Duty: Black Ops", "publisher": [ {"id": "501067246e7f184553000001"}, {"id": "5010675a6e7f18464d000001"} ] }
Restful Endpoints POST http://example.com/collection/ Accept: application/json Content-Type: application/json { • POST – Create new "type": "wikia:VideoGame", "name": "Call of Duty: Black Ops" object } HTTP/1.1 201 Created • Content-Type: application/json;charset=utf-8 Good practice to Link: </contexts/wikia.jsonld>; rel="describedby"; type="application/ld+json" maintain dateCreated Location: http://example.com/collection/ and dateModified 500f1a1b6e7f1827ba000001 equivalents { "id": "500f1a1b6e7f1827ba000001", "type": "wikia:VideoGame", "name": "Call of Duty: Black Ops", "dateCreated": "2012-08-23T14:00:00-08:00", "dateModified": "2012-08-23T14:00:00-08:00", }
Restful Endpoints PUT http://example.com/collection/ 500f1a1b6e7f1827ba000001 Accept: application/json Content-Type: application/json HTTP/1.1 200 OK Content-Type: application/json;charset=utf-8 • PUT – Update object Link: </contexts/wikia.jsonld>; rel="describedby"; type="application/ld+json" • Good practice to { "id": "500f1a1b6e7f1827ba000001", update dateModified "type": "wikia:VideoGame", "name": "Call of Duty: Black Ops", equivalent "publisher": [ {"id": "501067246e7f184553000001"}, {"id": "5010675a6e7f18464d000001"} ], "dateCreated": "2012-08-23T14:00:00-08:00", "dateModified": "2012-08-23T14:15:00-08:00", }
Restful Endpoints DELETE http://example.com/collection/ • DELETE – Destroy 500f1a1b6e7f1827ba000001 object HTTP/1.1 204 No Content
Restful Endpoints GET http://example.com/collection/ 500f1a1b6e7f1827ba000001/publisher/ Accept: application/json HTTP/1.1 200 OK • path – relational query Content-Type: application/json;charset=utf-8 Link: </contexts/wikia.jsonld>; rel="describedby"; type="application/ld+json" • Return objects having [ a property { "id": "501067246e7f184553000001", relationship with "type": "schema:Corporation", another object "name": "Activision", "url": "http://callofduty.wikia.com/wiki/ Activision" }, { "id": "5010675a6e7f18464d000001", "type": "schema:Corporation", "name": "Square Enix (Japan)" } ]
Restful Endpoints GET http://example.com/collection/ 500f1a1b6e7f1827ba000001 Accept: application/ld+json HTTP/1.1 200 OK Content-Type: application/ld+json;charset=utf-8 • GET – as explicit JSON- { "@context": "/contexts/wikia.jsonld", LD "id": "500f1a1b6e7f1827ba000001", "type": "wikia:VideoGame", "name": "Call of Duty: Black Ops", "publisher": [ {"id": "501067246e7f184553000001"}, {"id": "5010675a6e7f18464d000001"} ] }
Working with data • Application Structure • Ruby/Sinatra REST service • JavaScript/Backbone.js client { • Alias JSON-LD "@context": { "id": "@id", keywords for "type": "@type" convenience } }
MVC Client • Natural access from client-side MVC (e.g., backbone.js) Collection // Object collection, handles objects constructed from OWL classes and properties. // Initial fetch is only for VideoGame types, as referenced objects are // fetched, they are added to the collection. Wikia.ObjectCollection = Backbone.Collection.extend({ initialize: function() { this.model = Wikia.ObjectModel; }, url: function() { return "/api/#{@vers}/#{@name}"; }, comparator: function(model) { return model.get('schema:name') } ... }
MVC Client • Natural access from client-side MVC (e.g., backbone.js) Model // OWL model class and sub-classes for dealing with owl:Class, // owl:DatatypeProperty, owl:ObjectProperty and owl:Datatype Wikia.ObjectModel Backbone.Model.extend({ referencedObjects: function() { return this.resolve(_.flatten(_.toArray(this.attributes))); }, getModel: function(key, options) { return this._resolve this.get(key)) }, setModel: function(key, value) {...}, _resolve: function(value) {...}, ... }
Summary • JSON-LD is a light-weight layer for representing linked data in JSON • The MongoDB document model is a natural fit for JSON-LD • Not optimized for SPARQL; consider alternatives • Single Page Applications benefit from linked data principles • RDF with OWL can be powerful when used appropriately in the client
Resources • JSON-LD Syntax • http://w3.org/TR/json-ld-syntax • JSON-LD API • http://w3.org/TR/json-ld-api • Git Repo • https://github.com/json-ld/json-ld.org • Information/Playground • http://json-ld.org/ • IRC • #json-ld on Freenode
More Information json-ld.org JavaScript Ruby rdf-comments@w3.org Python PHP Java Gregg Kellogg gregg@greggkellogg.net http://greggkellogg.net/ @gkellogg